5,092 research outputs found
Festreden gehalten beim Festgottesdienst zum 25jährigen Amtsjubiläum des Herrn Rabbiner Dr. Jacob Cohn in Kattowitz, 6. Januar 1897 : Beigeg. ist d. Wortlaut d. d. Jubilar v. d. Gemeindevertretung überreichten Adresse
No full textvon [Ferdinand] Rosenthal u. d. Jubilar
Rosenthal, Norman: transcript of a video interview (21-Jul-2014)
No full textInterview with Professor Norman Rosenthal, conducted by Professor Tilli Tansey, for the History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group, 21 July 2014, in the School of History, Queen Mary University of London. Transcribed by Mrs Debra Gee, and edited by Professor Tilli Tansey. The project management and the technical support were undertaken by Mr Adam Wilkinson and Mr Alan Yabsley, respectively. Professor Norman Rosenthal MD (b. 1950) was born in Johannesburg, South Africa. He graduated as a medical doctor with high honours from the University of Witwatersrand in 1973. He immigrated to the United States, where he did his psychiatry residency and became Chief Resident. In 1979, he joined the National Institute of Mental Health in Bethesda, Maryland, where he became first a research fellow and later a tenured researcher. It was there in 1984 that he led the team that first named and described Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), and pioneered the use of light therapy for its treatment. The paper subsequently became a citation classic and has been cited well over 100 times. He has authored or co-authored hundreds of subsequent papers on SAD, light therapy, and related topics. Along with colleague Thomas Wehr, in 1991 he was awarded the Anna-Monika Prize for depression research for his work in this area. He is also a best-selling author, whose book 'Winter Blues', now in its fourth edition, has been described as ‘a classic work’ by the 'New York Times'. He has also written seven other books for the general public. He is currently Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at Georgetown University. He maintains a private practice in Bethesda, Maryland, and continues to research innovative treatments for depression and other psychiatric disorders.The History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group is funded by the Wellcome Trust, which is a registered charity (no. 210183). The current interview has been funded by the Wellcome Trust Strategic Award entitled “Makers of modern biomedicine: testimonies and legacy” (2012-2017; awarded to Professor Tilli Tansey)
Akademische Ansprachen, gehalten bei der Trauerfeier für Geh. Justizrat Professor Dr. jur. Dr. rer. pol. h. c. Eduard Rosenthal am 28. Juni 1926 in der Aula der Universität Jena
No full textAKADEMISCHE ANSPRACHEN, GEHALTEN BEI DER TRAUERFEIER FÜR GEH. JUSTIZRAT PROFESSOR DR. JUR. DR. RER. POL. H. C. EDUARD ROSENTHAL AM 28. JUNI 1926 IN DER AULA DER UNIVERSITÄT JENA
Akademische Ansprachen, gehalten bei der Trauerfeier für Geh. Justizrat Professor Dr. jur. Dr. rer. pol. h. c. Eduard Rosenthal am 28. Juni 1926 in der Aula der Universität Jena ( - )
Cover ( - )
[Portät von Eduard Rosenthal] ([1]v)
Titelseite ([1])
Geheimer Kirchenrat D. Dr. jur. h. c. Wilhelm Thümmel, Universitätsprediger ([3])
Professor Dr. phil. Alexander Gutbier, Rektor der Universität (7)
Prof. Dr. jur. Justus Wilhelm Hedemann, Dekan der Rechts- und Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fakultät (9)
Geheimer Hofrat Dr. phil. nat. Dr. rer. pol. h. c. Gottlob Linck, Stellvertr. Vorsitzender der Gesellschaft der Freunde der Thüringischen Landesuniversität (17)
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Hospital costs of central line-associated bloodstream infections and cost-effectiveness of closed vs. open infusion containers. The case of Intensive Care Units in Italy
No full textObjectives: The aim was to evaluate direct health care costs of central line-associated bloodstream infections and to calculate the cost-effectiveness ratio of closed fully collapsible plastic intravenous infusion containers vs. open (glass) infusion containers.
Methods: A two-year, prospective case-control study was undertaken in four intensive care units in an Italian teaching hospital. Patients with CLABSI (cases) and patients without CLABSI (controls) were matched for admission departments, gender, age, and average severity of illness score. Costs were estimated according to micro-costing approach. In the cost effectiveness analysis, the cost component was assessed as the difference between production costs while effectiveness was measured by CLABSI rate (number of CLABSI per 1000 central line days) associated with the two infusion containers.
Results: A total of 43 cases of CLABSI were compared with 97 matched controls. The mean age of cases and controls was 62.1 and 66.6 years, respectively (p = 0.143); 56% of the cases and 57% of the controls were females (p = 0.922). The mean length of stay of cases and controls was 17.41 and 8.55 days, respectively (p < 0.001).
Overall, the mean total costs of patients with and without CLABSI were € 18,241 and € 9,087, respectively (p <0.001). On average, the extra cost for drugs was € 843 (p < 0.001), for supplies € 133 (p = 0.116), for lab tests € 171 (p < 0.001), and for specialist visits € 15 (p = 0.019). The mean extra cost for hospital stay (overhead) was € 7,180 (p < 0.001). The closed infusion container was a dominant strategy. It resulted in lower CLABSI rates (3.5 vs. 8.2 CLABSIs per 1000 central line days for closed vs. open infusion container) without any significant difference in total production costs. The higher acquisition cost of the closed infusion container was offset by savings incurred in other phases of production, especially waste management.
Conclusions: CLABSI results in considerable and significant increase in utilization of hospital resources. Use of innovative technologies such as closed infusion containers can significantly reduce the incidence of healthcare acquired infection without posing additional burden on hospital budgets
The Changing Contexts of Family Care in Canada
No full textOver the past 20 to 30 years, the importance of families as providers of assistance to older Canadians has been well documented through research. However, over these decades, the contexts within which families exist and provide support have changed considerably. This paper examines changes over this time period which affect family support to older adults. Specific areas examined include: likelihood of having a parent alive; living arrangements; divorce and single-parenthood; women's labour force participation, and combining employment and care of older relatives. The paper concludes with an assessment of policy changes in health and long-term care as these affect older Canadians and their families.family care; older population; policy change
Digital Preservation Appliance Based on OpenBSD
No full textThe LOCKSS program has developed and deployed in a world-wide test a system for preserving access to academic journals published on the Web. The fundamental problem for any digital preservation system is that it must be affordable for the long term. To reduce the cost of ownership, the LOCKSS system uses generic PC hardware, open source software, and peer-to-peer technology. It is packaged as a ``network appliance'', a single-function box that can be connected to the Internet, configured and left alone to do its job with minimal monitoring or administration. The first version of this system was based on a Linux boot floppy. After three years of testing it was replaced by a second version, based on OpenBSD and booting from CD-ROM.
We focus in this paper on the design, implementation and deployment of a network appliance based on an open source operating system. We provide an overview of the LOCKSS application and describe the experience of deploying and supporting its first version. We list the requirements we took from this to drive the design of the second version, describe how we satisfied them in the OpenBSD environment, and report on the initial
Impact of a multidimensional infection control strategy on catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in the adult intensive care units of 15 developing countries: Findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC)
No full textPurpose We aimed to evaluate the impact of a multidimensional infection control strategy for the reduction of the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in patients hospitalized in adult intensive care units (AICUs) of hospitals which are members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC), from 40 cities of 15 developing countries: Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, India, Lebanon, Macedonia, Mexico, Morocco, Panama, Peru, Philippines, and Turkey. Methods We conducted a prospective before-after surveillance study of CAUTI rates on 56,429 patients hospitalized in 57 AICUs, during 360,667 bed-days. The study was divided into the baseline period (Phase 1) and the intervention period (Phase 2). In Phase 1, active surveillance was performed. In Phase 2, we implemented a multidimensional infection control approach that included: (1) a bundle of preventive measures, (2) education, (3) outcome surveillance, (4) process surveillance, (5) feedback of CAUTI rates, and (6) feedback of performance. The rates of CAUTI obtained in Phase 1 were compared with the rates obtained in Phase 2, after interventions were implemented. Results We recorded 253,122 urinary catheter (UC)-days: 30,390 in Phase 1 and 222,732 in Phase 2. In Phase 1, before the intervention, the CAUTI rate was 7.86 per 1,000 UC-days, and in Phase 2, after intervention, the rate of CAUTI decreased to 4.95 per 1,000 UC-days [relative risk (RR) 0.63 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] 0.55-0.72)], showing a 37 percent rate reduction. Conclusions Our study showed that the implementation of a multidimensional infection control strategy is associated with a significant reduction in the CAUTI rate in AICUs from developing countries. © Springer-Verlag 2012.Crouzet J, 2007, J HOSP INFECT, V67, P253, DOI 10.1016-j.jhin.2007.08.014; Edwards JR, 2009, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V37, P783, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2009.10.001; Higuera F, 2005, CRIT CARE MED, V33, P2022, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000178190.89663.E5; Horan TC, 2008, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V36, P309, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2008.03.002; Leone M, 2003, INTENS CARE MED, V29, P1077, DOI 10.1007-s00134-003-1767-2; Lo Evelyn, 2008, Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, V29 Suppl 1, pS41, DOI 10.1086-591066; Lynch P, 2007, BENNETT BRACHMANS HO, P255; Marra AR, 2011, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V39, P817, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2011.01.013; Rosenthal VD, 2006, ANN INTERN MED, V145, P582; Rosenthal VD, 2012, INFECTION; Rosenthal VD, 2004, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V25, P47, DOI 10.1086-502291; Rosenthal Victor D, 2008, Am J Infect Control, V36, pe1, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2008.06.003; Rosenthal VD, 2012, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V33, P704, DOI 10.1086-666342; Rosenthal VD, 2012, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V33, P696, DOI 10.1086-666341; Rosenthal VD, 2011, AM J INFECT CONTROL; Rosenthal VD, 2010, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V31, P1264, DOI 10.1086-657140; Rosenthal VD, 2012, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V40, P396, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2011.05.020; Rosenthal VD, 2011, J INFECTION, V62, P136, DOI 10.1016-j.jinf.2010.12.004; Rosenthal VD, 2011, INFECTION, V39, P439, DOI 10.1007-s15010-011-0136-2; Rosenthal VD, 2006, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V34, P58, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2005.11.002; Rosenthal VD, 2003, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V31, P405, DOI 10.1067-mic.2003.52; Rosenthal VD, 2005, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V33, P392, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2004.08.009; Salgado CD, 2003, PREVENTION CONTROL N, P297; Sax H, 2009, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V37, P827, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2009.07.003; Suwitra Ketut, 2004, Acta Med Indones, V36, P97; Talaat M, 2010, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V38, P222, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2009.06.011; Tambyah PA, 2002, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V23, P27, DOI 10.1086-501964; Tao L, 2012, J CRIT CARE; Yildirim M, 2007, MYCOSES, V50, P189, DOI 10.1111-j.0933-7407.2006.01348.x; Zacharias Sumi, 2009, Indian J Crit Care Med, V13, P17, DOI 10.4103-0972-5229.5311017161
Technical Physics Letters V. 26, I. 10
No full textTechnical Physics Letters -- October 2000
Volume 26, Issue 10, pp. 849-934
Low-Frequency Dielectric Relaxation in 5TsB Liquid Crystals Controlled by the Ion Adsorption–Desorption Processes
A. V. Koval'chuk
pp. 849-850 Full Text: PDF (33 kB)
A New Method of Layer Deposition
S. G. Psakh'e, K. P. Zol'nikov, and T. Yu. Uvarov
pp. 851-853 Full Text: PDF (350 kB)
A Self-Excited Hydromagnetic Dynamo Effect Can Take Place in Astrobleme Impact Melts
A. I. Grigor'ev
pp. 854-856 Full Text: PDF (34 kB)
Bipartition of a Strongly-Charged Droplet during Nonlinear Oscillations
S. O. Shiryaeva, A. I. Grigor'ev, and D. F. Belonozhko
pp. 857-860 Full Text: PDF (51 kB)
Resonance in the Efficiency of the Conduction-State Formation in Ion-Bombarded Crystalline Quartz
V. F. Pichugin and T. S. Frangul'yan
pp. 861-863 Full Text: PDF (40 kB)
The Effect of Fullerenes on the Dynamic Characteristics of Liquid Crystal Systems
N. V. Kamanina and L. N. Kaporskii
pp. 864-866 Full Text: PDF (47 kB)
Modeling of the Internal Circulation Constraint Formation in the FT-2 Tokamak
S. P. Voskoboinikov, S. I. Lashkul, A. Yu. Popov, and V. A. Rozhanskii
pp. 867-869 Full Text: PDF (48 kB)
A Diagram of the Stable Secular Motion of Ions Trapped in an RF Quadrupole Field in the Presence of Additional Harmonic Quadrupole Excitation
M. Yu. Sudakov
pp. 870-872 Full Text: PDF (38 kB)
A Change in the Characteristics of Fluctuations of the Boundary Plasma Parameters in the FT-2 Tokamak upon Transition to the Improved Plasma Conf inement Regime
E. O. Vekshina, P. R. Goncharov, S. V. Shatalin, V. N. Budnikov, L. A. Esipov, E. R. Its, and S. I. Lashkul
pp. 873-875 Full Text: PDF (80 kB)
Special Features of the Effect of Oversized Impurities on the Cascade Development in alpha-Iron Alloys Containing Special Carbides
V. V. Rybin, Yu. V. Trushin, F. Yu. Fedorov, and V. S. Kharlamov
pp. 876-878 Full Text: PDF (47 kB)
Propagation of Ultrashort RF Pulses in a Polluted Atmosphere
V. A. Ivanchenko and V. V. Nikolaev
pp. 879-881 Full Text: PDF (42 kB)
On the Measurement of Spatially-Resolved Energy Characteristics of a High-Power Laser Radiation
A. P. Solov'ev, O. V. Zyuryukina, and M. I. Perchenko
pp. 882-884 Full Text: PDF (40 kB)
Laser Plasma Accelerated by an Optical Discharge Moving in Air at a Hypersonic Velocity
V. N. Tishchenko and A. I. Gulidov
pp. 885-888 Full Text: PDF (72 kB)
"Oscillating" Riemann Invariants of the Hyperbolic Systems of Partial Differential Equations
Yu. N. Zaiko
pp. 889-890 Full Text: PDF (41 kB)
Cathode Layer Characteristics of a Low-Pressure Glow Discharge in Argon and Nitrogen
V. A. Lisovskii and S. D. Yakovin
pp. 891-893 Full Text: PDF (97 kB)
Effect of the Titanium Oxide Stoichiometry on the Efficiency of CO Oxidation on the Au/TiOx System Surface
T. T. Magkoev, D. Rosenthal, S. L. M. Schröder, and K. Christmann
pp. 894-896 Full Text: PDF (50 kB)
Nonlinear Thermomagnetic Waves of Finite Amplitude in Superconductors
N. A. Tailanov and U. T. Yakhshiev
pp. 897-899 Full Text: PDF (39 kB)
Self-Organization of a Critical State and 1/ f Fluctuations Caused by the Interaction of Phase Transitions in a Distributed System
V. N. Skokov and V. P. Koverda
pp. 900-902 Full Text: PDF (52 kB)
The Low-Temperature Electric Conductivity of YBaCuO and LaSrMnO Dielectric Films Obtained by a Pulsed Laser Sputter Deposition Technique
V. D. Okunev, N. N. Pafomov, A. Abaleshev, H. Belska-Lewandowska, P. Gierlowski, A. Klimov, and S. Lewandowski
pp. 903-906 Full Text: PDF (65 kB)
Magnetostatic Surface Waves on a Moving Domain Boundary in a Garnet Ferrite Crystal
E. A. Vilkov
pp. 907-909 Full Text: PDF (39 kB)
The Josephson Effect in Metal–PDMS–Metal Structures
A. N. Ionov and V. A. Zakrevskii
pp. 910-912 Full Text: PDF (46 kB)
The Properties of InGaAsP/InP Heterolasers with Step-Divergent Waveguides
E. G. Golikova, V. A. Kureshov, A. Yu. Leshko, D. A. Livshits, A. V. Lyutetskii, D. N. Nikolaev, N. A. Pikhtin, Yu. A. Ryaboshtan, S. O. Slipchenko, I. S. Tarasov, and N. V. Fetisova
pp. 913-915 Full Text: PDF (42 kB)
Current Transfer Processes in Thin Lutecium and Terbium Oxide Films on Silicon
Ya. G. Fedorenko, L. A. Otavina, and S. V. Korenyuk
pp. 916-918 Full Text: PDF (44 kB)
Argon–Oxygen Ion-Plasma Treatment Modifies the Surface Composition and Photoluminescence Spectrum of Porous Silicon
B. M. Kostishko, A. V. Drozdov, P. V. Shibaev, and A. E. Kostishko
pp. 919-922 Full Text: PDF (58 kB)
Dispersion Characteristics of Magnetostatic Waves Propagating at a Ferrite/Perovskite Interface
S. F. Karmanenko, A. A. Semenov, A. A. Melkov, N. N. Isakov, and Ya. Vas'kevich
pp. 923-925 Full Text: PDF (47 kB)
A Comparative Study of the Atomic Hydrogen Penetration into Thin Vanadium Films and Silicon Oxide–Gallium Arsenide Structures
V. G. Bozhkov, V. A. Kagadei, D. I. Proskurovskii, and L. M. Romas'
pp. 926-928 Full Text: PDF (45 kB)
Laser-induced Thermal Breakdown of a Semiconductor in the Presence of Mutually Correlated Noises
Yu. V. Gudyma
pp. 929-931 Full Text: PDF (37 kB)
Coherent Oscillations Excited in Opposite Electron and Ion Beams of a Diaphragmed Discharge between Hollow Electrodes
A. E. Dubinov, E. E. Dubinov, V. S. Zhdanov, Yu. N. Lashmanov, I. L. L'vov, K. E. Mikheev, S. A. Sadovoi, V. D. Selemir, and A. V. Tsarev
pp. 932-934 Full Text: PDF (59 kB)Archived web conten
Impact of the international Nosocomial infection control consortium (INICC) multidimensional hand hygiene approach over 13 years in 51 cities of 19 limited-resource countries from Latin America, Asia, the Middle East, and Europe
No full textobjective. To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) multi- dimensional hand hygiene approach in 19 limited-resource countries and to analyze predictors of poor hand hygiene compliance. design. An observational, prospective, cohort, interventional, before-and-after study from April 1999 through December 2011. The study was divided into 2 periods: a 3-month baseline period and a 7-year follow-up period. setting. Ninety-nine intensive care unit (ICU) members of the INICC in Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Greece, India, Lebanon, Lithuania, Macedonia, Mexico, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, and Turkey. participants. Healthcare workers at 99 ICU members of the INICC. methods. A multidimensional hand hygiene approach was used, including (1) administrative support, (2) supplies availability, (3) education and training, (4) reminders in the workplace, (5) process surveillance, and (6) performance feedback. Observations were made for hand hygiene compliance in each ICU, during randomly selected 30-minute periods. results. A total of 149,727 opportunities for hand hygiene were observed. Overall hand hygiene compliance increased from 48.3percent to 71.4percent (P .01). Univariate analysis indicated that several variables were significantly associated with poor hand hygiene compliance, including males versus females (63percent vs 70percent; P .001), physicians versus nurses (62percent vs 72percent; P .001), and adult versus neonatal ICUs (67percent vs 81percent; P .001), among others. conclusions. Adherence to hand hygiene increased by 48percent with the INICC approach. Specific programs directed to improve hand hygiene for variables found to be predictors of poor hand hygiene compliance should be implemented. © 2013 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved.Allegranzi B, 2010, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V31, P133, DOI 10.1086-649796; Bischoff WE, 2000, ARCH INTERN MED, V160, P1017, DOI 10.1001-archinte.160.7.1017; Boyce John M, 2002, MMWR Recomm Rep, V51, P1; CONLY JM, 1989, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V17, P330, DOI 10.1016-0196-6553(89)90002-3; Deming W.E, 1986, OUT CRISIS; Dorsey ST, 1996, ACAD EMERG MED, V3, P360, DOI 10.1111-j.1553-2712.1996.tb03451.x; DUBBERT PM, 1990, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V11, P191; GRAHAM M, 1990, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V18, P77, DOI 10.1016-0196-6553(90)90085-7; Guinan ME, 1997, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V25, P424, DOI 10.1016-S0196-6553(97)90092-4; HALEY RW, 1982, J INFECT DIS, V145, P875; Horan TC, 2008, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V36, P309, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2008.03.002; Jarvis WR, 1996, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V17, P552; Lam BCC, 2004, PEDIATRICS, V114, pE565, DOI 10.1542-peds.2004-1107; Larson EL, 1997, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V25, P3, DOI 10.1016-S0196-6553(97)90046-8; Lipsett P A, 2001, Surg Infect (Larchmt), V2, P241, DOI 10.1089-109629601317202722; MAYER JA, 1986, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V7, P259; Pittet D, 2009, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V30, P611, DOI 10.1086-600379; PRESTON GA, 1981, AM J MED, V70, P641, DOI 10.1016-0002-9343(81)90588-X; Raju T N, 1999, J Perinatol, V19, P307, DOI 10.1038-sj.jp.7200155; Rosenthal VD, 2006, ANN INTERN MED, V145, P582; Rosenthal VD, 2004, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V25, P47, DOI 10.1086-502291; Rosenthal VD, 2008, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V36, P627, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2008.03.003; Rosenthal VD, 2010, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V38, P95, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2009.12.004; Rosenthal VD, 2012, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V33, P704, DOI 10.1086-666342; Rosenthal VD, 2012, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V33, P696, DOI 10.1086-666341; Rosenthal VD, 2012, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V40, P497, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2011.08.005; Rosenthal VD, 2003, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V31, P85, DOI 10.1067-mic.2003.63; Rosenthal VD, 2010, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V31, P1264, DOI 10.1086-657140; Rosenthal VD, 2012, INFECTION, V40, P517, DOI 10.1007-s15010-012-0278-x; Rosenthal V.D., 2008, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V36, P1; Rosenthal VD, 2012, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V40, P396, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2011.05.020; Rosenthal VD, 2012, CRIT CARE MED, V40, P3121, DOI 10.1097-CCM.0b013e3182657916; Rosenthal VD, 2006, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V34, P58, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2005.11.002; Rosenthal VD, 2003, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V31, P405, DOI 10.1067-mic.2003.52; Rosenthal VD, 2005, AM J INFECT CONTROL, V33, P392, DOI 10.1016-j.ajic.2004.08.009; Rosenthal VD, 2012, INFECTION, V40, P415, DOI 10.1007-s15010-012-0246-5; Safdar N, 2001, CURR INFECT DIS REP, V3, P487, DOI 10.1007-s11908-001-0085-5; SIMMONS B, 1990, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V11, P589; Watanakunakorn C, 1998, INFECT CONT HOSP EP, V19, P858; WHO launches global patient safety challenge, 2005, INDIAN J MED SCI, V59, P46143
Genomic insights into variation in thermotolerance between hybridizing swordtail fishes
No full textUnderstanding how organisms adapt to changing environments is a core focus of research in evolutionary biology. One common mechanism is adaptive introgression, which has received increasing attention as a potential route to rapid adaptation in populations struggling in the face of ecological change, particularly global climate change. However, hybridization can also result in deleterious genetic interactions that may limit the benefits of adaptive introgression. Here, we used a combination of genome-wide quantitative trait locus mapping and differential gene expression analyses between the swordtail fish species Xiphophorus malinche and X. birchmanni to study the consequences of hybridization on thermotolerance. While these two species are adapted to different thermal environments, we document a complicated architecture of thermotolerance in hybrids. We identify a region of the genome that contributes to reduced thermotolerance in individuals heterozygous for X. malinche and X. birchmanni ancestry, as well as widespread misexpression in hybrids of genes that respond to thermal stress in the parental species, particularly in the circadian clock pathway. We also show that a previously mapped hybrid incompatibility between X. malinche and X. birchmanni contributes to reduced thermotolerance in hybrids. Together, our results highlight the challenges of understanding the impact of hybridization on complex ecological traits and its potential impact on adaptive introgression
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