163 research outputs found
Historical sailing routes
No full text<div>
<div># Data and scripts for the paper "A multi-criteria simulation of European coastal shipping routes in the ‘age of sail’"</div>
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<div>This repository contains all the data and scripts required to fully reproduce all analyses presented in the paper "A multi-criteria simulation of European coastal shipping routes in the ‘age of sail’" authored by Litvine, A.D. Lewis, J. Starzec, A.W.</div>
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<div>Getting Started</div>
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<div>1. Open project using Simulating_shipping_routes.Rproj to ensure relative paths work.</div>
<div>2. Run the R scripts in the folder Preprocessing to reproduce the preprocessed data before running the main analysis.</div>
<div> 2.1 wind_uv_preprocessing.R reproduces the aggregated wind U and V raster layers. This function mean aggregates the .nc wind U and V layers for each month. Data is resampled to match the bathymetry dataset</div>
<div> 2.2 currents_uv_preprocessing.R reproduces the aggregated currents U and V raster layers. This function mean aggregates the .nc currents U and V layers for each month. Data is resampled to match the bathymetry dataset</div>
<div> 2.3 calculate_wind_variability.R reproduces the aggregated MoM, CV Speed, and CV Direction raster layers</div>
<div> 2.4 mean_wave_dir_processing.R reproduces the mean wave direction</div>
<div> 2.5 mean_wave_period_processing.R reproduces the mean wave period</div>
<div> 2.6 sig_wave_height_processing.R reproduces the mean significant wave height</div>
<div> 2.7 speed_reduction_processing.R reproduces the speed reduction based on significant wave height and mean wave direction</div>
<div> 2.8 calculate_dir_speed_distributions.R to reproduce plots showing the distribution of wind speed and direction per month</div>
<div> 2.9 dangerous_conditions_1.R to reproduce areas within the study area that have dangerous waves</div>
<div> </div>
<div>######</div>
<div> </div>
<div>2.1 Run the 001 2024_01_16_Main.R R script in the R folder to calculate the least-cost paths from all-ports to all-ports for M1, M2, M3, and M3.</div>
<div>2.2 002 2024_01_16_route_lengths.R to calculate the length of each least-cost path for the four models.</div>
<div>2.3 003 2024_01_16_specific_routes.R to calculate the least-cost paths for specific routes (from specific ports) for each of the visibility ranges</div>
<div>2.4 2024_01_16_raster_distributions.R to reproduce the plots showing the spatial distributions of variables</div>
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An interpretation of ion composition diurnal variation deduced from EISCAT observations
No full textPhysical interpretation is
made of the O+/Ne diurnal variations in summer, revealed by Litvine
et al. (1998) from the EISCAT observations. It is shown that the observed
anti-correlation between the Z50 parameter, corresponding to the
transition region between 50% of molecular and atomic ions, and the width Dz
of the transition, defined as the altitude width between 10% and 90% of the O+/Ne
ratio, can be reproduced in model calculations and the result of different
recombination laws (quadratic in the lower and linear in the upper ionosphere)
as well as diurnal variations in the photo-ionization rates.Key words.Ionosphere (ion chemistry
and composition; modeling and forecasting
alexislitvine/buildingextraction: Pre-release of code
No full text<p>Firse release of the building extraction code. </p>
An interpretation of ion composition diurnal variation deduced from EISCAT observations
No full textAbstract. Physical interpretation is made of the O+/Ne diurnal variations in summer, revealed by Litvine et al. (1998) from the EISCAT observations. It is shown that the observed anti-correlation between the Z50 parameter, corresponding to the transition region between 50% of molecular and atomic ions, and the width Dz of the transition, defined as the altitude width between 10% and 90% of the O+/Ne ratio, can be reproduced in model calculations and the result of different recombination laws (quadratic in the lower and linear in the upper ionosphere) as well as diurnal variations in the photo-ionization rates.Key words.Ionosphere (ion chemistry and composition; modeling and forecasting)
</jats:p
An interpretation of ion composition diurnal variation deduced from EISCAT observations
No full textInternational audiencePhysical interpretation is made of the O+/Ne diurnal variations in summer, revealed by Litvine et al. (1998) from the EISCAT observations. It is shown that the observed anti-correlation between the Z50 parameter, corresponding to the transition region between 50% of molecular and atomic ions, and the width Dz of the transition, defined as the altitude width between 10% and 90% of the O+/Ne ratio, can be reproduced in model calculations and the result of different recombination laws (quadratic in the lower and linear in the upper ionosphere) as well as diurnal variations in the photo-ionization rates
Observation of long-range, near-side angular correlations in proton-proton collisions at the LHC
No full textKhachatryan, V., Sirunyan, A.M., Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Bergauer, T., Dragicevic, M., Erö, J., Fabjan, C., Friedl, M., Frühwirth, R., Ghete, V.M., Hammer, J., Hänsel, S., Hartl, C., Hoch, M., Hörmann, N., Hrubec, J., Jeitler, M., Kasieczka, G., Kiesenhofer, W., Krammer, M., Liko, D., Mikulec, I., Pernicka, M., Rohringer, H., Schöfbeck, R., Strauss, J., Taurok, A., Teischinger, F., Waltenberger, W., Walzel, G., Widl, E., Wulz, C.-E., Mossolov, V., Shumeiko, N., Suarez Gonzalez, J., Benucci, L., Ceard, L., De Wolf, E.A., Janssen, X., Maes, T., Mucibello, L., Ochesanu, S., Roland, B., Rougny, R., Selvaggi, M., Van Haevermaet, H., Van Mechelen, P., Van Remortel, N., Adler, V., Beauceron, S., Blyweert, S., D'Hondt, J., Devroede, O., Kalogeropoulos, A., Maes, J., Maes, M., Tavernier, S., Van Doninck, W., Van Mulders, P., Villella, I., Chabert, E.C., Charaf, O., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Dero, V., Gay, A.P.R., Ham-Mad, G.H., Hreus, T., Marage, P.E., Vander Velde, C., Vanlaer, P., Wickens, J., Costantini, S., Grunewald, M., Klein, B., Marinov, A., Ryckbosch, D., Thyssen, F., Tytgat, M., Vanelderen, L., Verwilligen, P., Walsh, S., Zaganidis, N., Basegmez, S., Bruno, G., Caudron, J., De Favereau De Jeneret, J., Delaere, C., Demin, P., Favart, D., Giammanco, A., Grégoire, G., Hollar, J., Lemaitre, V., Militaru, O., Ovyn, S., Pagano, D., Pin, A., Piotrzkowski, K., Quertenmont, L., Schul, N., Beliy, N., Caebergs, T., Daubie, E., Alves, G.A., De Jesus Damiao, D., Pol, M.E., Souza, M.H.G., Carvalho, W., Da Costa, E.M., De Oliveira Martins, C., Fonseca De Souza, S., Mundim, L., Nogima, H., Oguri, V., Otalora Goicochea, J.M., Prado Da Silva, W.L., Santoro, A., Silva, S.M., Amaral, D., Sznajder, A., Torres Da Silva De Araujo, F., Dias, F.A., Dias, M.A.F., Fernandez Perez Tomei, T.R., Gregores, E.M., Marinho, F., Novaes, S.F., Padula, S.S., Darmenov, N., Dimitrov, L., Genchev, V., Iaydjiev, P., Piperov, S., Rodozov, M., Stoykova, S., Sultanov, G., Tcholakov, V., Trayanov, R., Vankov, I., Dyulendarova, M., Hadjiiska, R., Kozhuharov, V., Litov, L., Marinova, E., Mateev, M., Pavlov, B., Petkov, P., Bian, J.G., Chen, G.M., Chen, H.S., Jiang, C.H., Liang, D., Liang, S., Wang, J., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Yang, M., Zang, J., Zhang, Z., Ban, Y., Guo, S., Hu, Z., Li, W., Mao, Y., Qian, S.J., Teng, H., Zhu, B., Cabrera, A., Gomez Moreno, B., Ocampo Rios, A.A., Osorio Oliveros, A.F., Sanabria, J.C., Godinovic, N., Lelas, D., Lelas, K., Plestina, R., Polic, D., Puljak, I., Antunovic, Z., Dzelalija, M., Brigljevic, V., Duric, S., Kadija, K., Morovic, S., Attikis, A., Fereos, R., Galanti, M., Mousa, J., Nicolaou, C., Ptochos, F., Razis, P.A., Rykaczewski, H., Assran, Y., Mahmoud, M.A., Hektor, A., Kadastik, M., Kannike, K., Müntel, M., Raidal, M., Rebane, L., Azzolini, V., Eerola, P., Czellar, S., Härkönen, J., Heikkinen, A., Karimäki, V., Kinnunen, R., Klem, J., Ko-Rtelainen, M.J., Lampén, T., Lassila-Perini, K., Lehti, S., Lindén, T., Luukka, P., Mäenpää, T., Tuominen, E., Tuominiemi, J., Tuovinen, E., Ungaro, D., Wendland, L., Banzuzi, K., Korpela, A., Tuuva, T., Sillou, D., Besancon, M., Dejardin, M., Denegri, D., Descamps, J., Fabbro, B., Faure, J.L., Ferri, F., Ganjour, S., Gentit, F.X., Givernaud, A., Gras, P., Hamel De Monchenault, G., Jarry, P., Locci, E., Malcles, J., Marionneau, M., Millischer, L., Rander, J., Rosowsky, A., Rousseau, D., Titov, M., Verrecchia, P., Baffioni, S., Bianchini, L., Bluj, M., Broutin, C., Busson, P., Charlot, C., Dobrzynski, L., Granier De Cassagnac, R., Haguenauer, M., Miné, P., Mironov, C., Ochando, C., Paganini, P., Sabes, D., Salerno, R., Sirois, Y., Thiebaux, C., Zabi, A., Agram, J.-L., Besson, A., Bloch, D., Bodin, D., Brom, J.-M., Cardaci, M., Conte, E., Drouhin, F., Ferro, C., Fontaine, J.-C., Gelé, D., Goerlach, U., Greder, S., Juillot, P., Karim, M., Le Bihan, A.-C., Mikami, Y., Van Hove, P., Fassi, F., Mercier, D., Baty, C., Beaupere, N., Bedjidian, M., Bondu, O., Boudoul, G., Boumediene, D., Brun, H., Chanon, N., Chierici, R., Contardo, D., Depasse, P., El Mamouni, H., Falkiewicz, A., Fay, J., Gascon, S., Ille, B., Kurca, T., Le Grand, T., Lethuillier, M., Mirabito, L., Perries, S., Sordini, V., Tosi, S., Tschudi, Y., Verdier, P., Xiao, H., Roinishvili, V., Anagnostou, G., Edelhoff, M., Feld, L., Heracleous, N., Hindrichs, O., Jussen, R., Klein, K., Merz, J., Mohr, N., Ostapchuk, A., Perieanu, A., Raupach, F., Sammet, J., Schael, S., Sprenger, D., Weber, H., Weber, M., Wittmer, B., Ata, M., Bender, W., Erdmann, M., Frangenheim, J., Hebbeker, T., Hinzmann, A., Hoepfner, K., Hof, C., Klimkovich, T., Klingebiel, D., Kreuzer, P., Lanske, D., Magass, C., Masetti, G., Merschmeyer, M., Meyer, A., Papacz, P., Pieta, H., Reithler, H., Schmitz, S.A., Sonnenschein, L., Steggemann, J., Teyssier, D., Bontenackels, M., Davids, M., Duda, M., Flügge, G., Geenen, H., Giffels, M., Haj Ahmad, W., Heydhausen, D., Kress, T., Kuessel, Y., Linn, A., Nowack, A., Perchalla, L., Pooth, O., Rennefeld, J., Sauerland, P., Stahl, A., Thomas, M., Tornier, D., Zoeller, M.H., Aldaya Martin, M., Behrenhoff, W., Behrens, U., Bergholz, M., Borras, K., Campbell, A., Castro, E., Dammann, D., Eckerlin, G., Flossdorf, A., Flucke, G., Geiser, A., Glushkov, I., Hauk, J., Jung, H., Kasemann, M., Katkov, I., Katsas, P., Kleinwort, C., Kluge, H., Knutsson, A., Krücker, D., Kuznetsova, E., Lange, W., Lohmann, W., Mankel, R., Marienfeld, M., Melzer-Pellmann, I.-A., Meyer, A.B., Mnich, J., Mussgiller, A., Olzem, J., Parenti, A., Raspereza, A., Raval, A., Schmidt, R., Schoerner-Sadenius, T., Sen, N., Stein, M., Tomaszewska, J., Volyanskyy, D., Walsh, R., Wissing, C., Autermann, C., Bobrovskyi, S., Draeger, J., Eckstein, D., Enderle, H., Gebbert, U., Kaschube, K., Kaussen, G., Klanner, R., Mura, B., Naumann-Emme, S., Nowak, F., Pietsch, N., Sander, C., Schettler, H., Schleper, P., Schröder, M., Schum, T., Schwandt, J., Srivastava, A.K., Stadie, H., Steinbrück, G., Thomsen, J., Wolf, R., Bauer, J., Buege, V., Cakir, A., Chwalek, T., Daeuwel, D., De Boer, W., Dierlamm, A., Dirkes, G., Feindt, M., Gruschke, J., Hackstein, C., Hartmann, F., Heinrich, M., Held, H., Hoffmann, K.H., Honc, S., Kuhr, T., Martschei, D., Mueller, S., Müller, Th., Neuland, M.B., Niegel, M., Oberst, O., Oehler, A., Ott, J., Peiffer, T., Piparo, D., Quast, G., Rabbertz, K., Ratnikov, F., Renz, M., Sabellek, A., Saout, C., Scheurer, A., Schieferdecker, P., Schilling, F.-P., Schott, G., Simonis, H.J., Stober, F.M., Troendle, D., Wagner-Kuhr, J., Zeise, M., Zhukov, V., Ziebarth, E.B., Daskalakis, G., Geralis, T., Kesisoglou, S., Kyriakis, A., Loukas, D., Manolakos, I., Markou, A., Markou, C., Mavrommatis, C., Petrakou, E., Gouskos, L., Mertzimekis, T., Panagiotou, A., Evangelou, I., Kokkas, P., Manthos, N., Papadopoulos, I., Patras, V., Triantis, F.A., Aranyi, A., Bencze, G., Boldizsar, L., Debreczeni, G., Hajdu, C., Horvath, D., Kapusi, A., Krajczar, K., Laszlo, A., Sikler, F., Vesztergombi, G., Beni, N., Molnar, J., Palinkas, J., Szillasi, Z., Veszpremi, V., Raics, P., Trocsanyi, Z.L., Ujvari, B., Bansal, S., Beri, S.B., Bhatnagar, V., Jindal, M., Kaur, M., Kohli, J.M., Mehta, M.Z., Nishu, N., Saini, L.K., Sharma, A., Sharma, R., Singh, A.P., Singh, J.B., Singh, S.P., Ahuja, S., Bhattacharya, S., Chauhan, S., Choudhary, B.C., Gupta, P., Jain, S., Jain, S., Kumar, A., Shivpuri, R.K., Choudhury, R.K., Dutta, D., Kailas, S., Kataria, S.K., Mohanty, A.K., Pant, L.M., Shukla, P., Suggisetti, P., Aziz, T., Guchait, M., Gurtu, A., Maity, M., Majumder, D., Majumder, G., Mazumdar, K., Mohanty, G.B., Saha, A., Sudhakar, K., Wickramage, N., Banerjee, S., Dugad, S., Mondal, N.K., Arfaei, H., Bakhshiansohi, H., Etesami, S.M., Fahim, A., Hashemi, M., Jafari, A., Khakzad, M., Mohammadi, A., Mohammadi Najafabadi, M., Paktinat Mehdiabadi, S., Safarzadeh, B., Zeinali, M., Abbrescia, M., Barbone, L., Calabria, C., Colaleo, A., Creanza, D., De Filippis, N., De Palma, M., Dimitrov, A., Fedele, F., Fiore, L., Iaselli, G., Lusito, L., Maggi, G., Maggi, M., Manna, N., Marangelli, B., My, S., Nuzzo, S., Pierro, G.A., Pompili, A., Pugliese, G., Romano, F., Roselli, G., Selvaggi, G., Silvestris, L., Trentadue, R., Tupputi, S., Zito, G., Abbiendi, G., Benvenuti, A.C., Bonacorsi, D., Braibant-Giacomelli, S., Capiluppi, P., Castro, A., Cavallo, F.R., Cuffiani, M., Dallavalle, G.M., Fabbri, F., Fanfani, A., Fasanella, D., Giacomelli, P., Giunta, M., Grandi, C., Marcellini, S., Meneghelli, M., Montanari, A., Navarria, F.L., Odorici, F., Perrotta, A., Rossi, A.M., Rovelli, T., Siroli, G., Travaglini, R., Albergo, S., Cappello, G., Chiorboli, M., Costa, S., Tricomi, A., Tuve, C., Barbagli, G., Broccolo, G., Ciulli, V., Civinini, C., D'Alessandro, R., Focardi, E., Frosali, S., Gallo, E., Lenzi, P., Meschini, M., Paoletti, S., Sguazzoni, G., Tropiano, A., Benussi, L., Bianco, S., Colafranceschi, S., Fabbri, F., Piccolo, D., Fabbricatore, P., Musenich, R., Benaglia, A., Cerati, G.B., De Guio, F., Di Matteo, L., Ghezzi, A., Govoni, P., Malberti, M., Malvezzi, S., Martelli, A., Massironi, A., Menasce, D., Miccio, V., Moroni, L., Paganoni, M., Pedrini, D., Ragazzi, S., Redaelli, N., Sala, S., Tabarelli De Fatis, T., Tancini, V., Buontempo, S., Carrillo Montoya, C.A., Cimmino, A., De Cosa, A., De Gruttola, M., Fabozzi, F., Iorio, A.O.M., Lista, L., Noli, P., Paolucci, P., Azzi, P., Bacchetta, N., Bellan, P., Bisello, D., Branca, A., Carlin, R., Checchia, P., Conti, E., De Mattia, M., Dorigo, T., Dosselli, U., Fanzago, F., Gasparini, F., Gasparini, U., Giubilato, P., Gresele, A., Lacaprara, S., Lazzizzera, I., Margoni, M., Mazzucato, M., Meneguzzo, A.T., Perrozzi, L., Pozzobon, N., Ronchese, P., Simonetto, F., Torassa, E., Tosi, M., Vanini, S., Zotto, P., Zumerle, G., Baesso, P., Berzano, U., Riccardi, C., Torre, P., Vitulo, P., Viviani, C., Biasini, M., Bilei, G.M., Caponeri, B., Fanò, L., Lariccia, P., Lucaroni, A., Mantovani, G., Menichelli, M., Nappi, A., Santocchia, A., Servoli, L., Taroni, S., Valdata, M., Volpe, R., Azzurri, P., Bagliesi, G., Bernardini, J., Boccali, T., Castaldi, R., D'Agnolo, R.T., Dell'orso, R., Fiori, F., Foà, L., Giassi, A., Kraan, A., Ligabue, F., Lomtadze, T., Martini, L., Messineo, A., Palla, F., Palmonari, F., Sarkar, S., Segneri, G., Serban, A.T., Spagnolo, P., Tenchini, R., Tonelli, G., Venturi, A., Verdini, P.G., Barone, L., Cavallari, F., Del Re, D., Di Marco, E., Diemoz, M., Franci, D., Grassi, M., Longo, E., Organtini, G., Palma, A., Pandolfi, F., Paramatti, R., Rahatlou, S., Amapane, N., Arcidiacono, R., Argiro, S., Arneodo, M., Biino, C., Botta, C., Cartiglia, N., Castello, R., Costa, M., Demaria, N., Graziano, A., Mariotti, C., Marone, M., Maselli, S., Migliore, E., Mila, G., Monaco, V., Musich, M., Obertino, M.M., Pastrone, N., Pelliccioni, M., Romero, A., Ruspa, M., Sacchi, R., Sola, V., Solano, A., Staiano, A., Trocino, D., Vilela Pereira, A., Ambroglini, F., Belforte, S., Cossutti, F., Della Ricca, G., Gobbo, B., Montanino, D., Penzo, A., Heo, S.G., Chang, S., Chung, J., Kim, D.H., Kim, G.N., Kim, J.E., Kong, D.J., Park, H., Son, D., Son, D.C., Kim, Z., Kim, J.Y., Song, S., Choi, S., Hong, B., Jo, M., Kim, H., Kim, J.H., Kim, T.J., Lee, K.S., Moon, D.H., Park, S.K., Rhee, H.B., Seo, E., Shin, S., Sim, K.S., Choi, M., Kang, S., Kim, H., Park, C., Park, I.C., Park, S., Ryu, G., Choi, Y., Choi, Y.K., Goh, J., Lee, J., Lee, S., Seo, H., Yu, I., Bilinskas, M.J., Grigelionis, I., Janulis, M., Martisiute, D., Petrov, P., Sabonis, T., Castilla Valdez, H., De La Cruz Burelo, E., Lopez-Fernandez, R., Sánchez Hernández, A., Villasenor-Cendejas, L.M., Carrillo Moreno, S., Vazquez Valencia, F., Salazar Ibarguen, H.A., Casimiro Linares, E., Morelos Pineda, A., Reyes-Santos, M.A., Allfrey, P., Krofcheck, D., Tam, J., Butler, P.H., Doesburg, R., Silverwood, H., Ahmad, M., Ahmed, I., Asghar, M.I., Hoorani, H.R., Khan, W.A., Khurshid, T., Qazi, S., Cwiok, M., Dominik, W., Doroba, K., Kalinowski, A., Konecki, M., Krolikowski, J., Frueboes, T., Gokieli, R., Górski, M., Kazana, M., Nawrocki, K., Szleper, M., Wrochna, G., Zalewski, P., Almeida, N., David, A., Faccioli, P., Ferreira Parracho, P.G., Gallinaro, M., Martins, P., Mini, G., Musella, P., Nayak, A., Raposo, L., Ribeiro, P.Q., Seixas, J., Silva, P., Soares, D., Varela, J., Wöhri, H.K., Belotelov, I., Bunin, P., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Golutvin, I., Kamenev, A., Karjavin, V., Kozlov, G., Lanev, A., Moisenz, P., Palichik, V., Perelygin, V., Shmatov, S., Smirnov, V., Volodko, A., Zarubin, A., Bondar, N., Golovtsov, V., Ivanov, Y., Kim, V., Levchenko, P., Murzin, V., Oreshkin, V., Smirnov, I., Sulimov, V., Uvarov, L., Vavilov, S., Vorobyev, A., Andreev, Yu., Gninenko, S., Golubev, N., Kirsanov, M., Krasnikov, N., Matveev, V., Pashenkov, A., Toropin, A., Troitsky, S., Epshteyn, V., Gavrilov, V., Kaftanov, V., Kossov, M., Krokhotin, A., Kuleshov, S., Lychkovskaya, N., Oulianov, A., Safronov, G., Semenov, S., Shreyber, I., 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Search for Pair Production of First-Generation Scalar Leptoquarks in pp Collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textA search for pair production of first-generation scalar leptoquarks is performed in the final state containing two electrons and two jets using proton-proton collision data at √s=7 TeV. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 33 pb^(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The number of observed events is in good agreement with the predictions for the standard model background processes, and an upper limit is set on the leptoquark pair production cross section times β^2 as a function of the leptoquark mass, where β is the branching fraction of the leptoquark decay to an electron and a quark. A 95% confidence level lower limit is set on the mass of a first-generation scalar leptoquark at 384 GeV for β=1, which is the most stringent direct limit to date
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