477 research outputs found
Hormonal Treatment Reduces Psychobiological Distress in Gender Identity Disorder, Independently of the Attachment Style.
No full textGender identity disorder may be a stressful situation. Hormonal treatment seemed to improve the general health as it reduces psychological and social distress. The attachment style seemed to regulate distress in insecure individuals as they are more exposed to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system dysregulation and subjective stress.
AIM:
The objectives of the study were to evaluate the presence of psychobiological distress and insecure attachment in transsexuals and to study their stress levels with reference to the hormonal treatment and the attachment pattern.
METHODS:
We investigated 70 transsexual patients. We measured the cortisol levels and the perceived stress before starting the hormonal therapy and after about 12 months. We studied the representation of attachment in transsexuals by a backward investigation in the relations between them and their caregivers.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
We used blood samples for assessing cortisol awakening response (CAR); we used the Perceived Stress Scale for evaluating self-reported perceived stress and the Adult Attachment Interview to determine attachment styles.
RESULTS:
At enrollment, transsexuals reported elevated CAR; their values were out of normal. They expressed higher perceived stress and more attachment insecurity, with respect to normative sample data. When treated with hormone therapy, transsexuals reported significantly lower CAR (P < 0.001), falling within the normal range for cortisol levels. Treated transsexuals showed also lower perceived stress (P < 0.001), with levels similar to normative samples. The insecure attachment styles were associated with higher CAR and perceived stress in untreated transsexuals (P < 0.01). Treated transsexuals did not expressed significant differences in CAR and perceived stress by attachment.
CONCLUSION:
Our results suggested that untreated patients suffer from a higher degree of stress and that attachment insecurity negatively impacts the stress management. Initiating the hormonal treatment seemed to have a positive effect in reducing stress levels, whatever the attachment style may be. Colizzi M, Costa R, Pace V, and Todarello O. Hormonal treatment reduces psychobiological distress in gender identity disorder, independently of the attachment style. J Sex Med **;**:**-**
Hormonal Treatment Reduces Psychobiological Distress in Gender Identity Disorder, Independently of the Attachment Style
No full textIntroduction: Gender identity disorder may be a stressful situation. Hormonal treatment seemed to improve the general health as it reduces psychological and social distress. The attachment style seemed to regulate distress in insecure individuals as they are more exposed to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system dysregulation and subjective stress. Aim: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the presence of psychobiological distress and insecure attachment in transsexuals and to study their stress levels with reference to the hormonal treatment and the attachment pattern. Methods: We investigated 70 transsexual patients. We measured the cortisol levels and the perceived stress before starting the hormonal therapy and after about 12 months. We studied the representation of attachment in transsexuals by a backward investigation in the relations between them and their caregivers. Main Outcome Measures: We used blood samples for assessing cortisol awakening response (CAR); we used the Perceived Stress Scale for evaluating self-reported perceived stress and the Adult Attachment Interview to determine attachment styles. Results: At enrollment, transsexuals reported elevated CAR; their values were out of normal. They expressed higher perceived stress and more attachment insecurity, with respect to normative sample data. When treated with hormone therapy, transsexuals reported significantly lower CAR (P<0.001), falling within the normal range for cortisol levels. Treated transsexuals showed also lower perceived stress (P<0.001), with levels similar to normative samples. The insecure attachment styles were associated with higher CAR and perceived stress in untreated transsexuals (P<0.01). Treated transsexuals did not expressed significant differences in CAR and perceived stress by attachment. Conclusion: Our results suggested that untreated patients suffer from a higher degree of stress and that attachment insecurity negatively impacts the stress management. Initiating the hormonal treatment seemed to have a positive effect in reducing stress levels, whatever the attachment style may be. Colizzi M, Costa R, Pace V, and Todarello O. Hormonal treatment reduces psychobiological distress in gender identity disorder, independently of the attachment style. J Sex Med 2013;10:3049-3058. © 2013 International Society for Sexual Medicine
The UNESCO Interdisciplinary Chair in Biotechnology and Bioethics (2000-2009): An example of Responsible Research and Innovation between Europe and Africa,
No full text
Histoire de Piero, un designer entre deux mondes / Story of Piero. A designer between two worlds / Storia di Piero. Un designer fra due mondi
No full textIl documentario ripercorre la vita e l’opera del designer Piero Ottinetti (1927–2018) tra Milano e Chicago. Grafico, fotografo e illustratore, Ottinetti è stato una figura di spicco della cosiddetta ‘scuola milanese’ degli anni cinquanta e sessanta. Fra i suoi clienti più importanti si annoverano Montecatini, Pirelli, Philips, Salmoiraghi, OM, Busnelli, La Cimbali, Lorenz, Ceramiche Marazzi, Lebole, Cotonificio Cantoni. Piemontese, ex-partigiano, dopo la guerra Ottinetti si trasferisce a Roma per frequentare l’Accademia d’arte San Luca, più tardi a Milano frequenta corsi di grafica presso il Convitto Rinascita, una scuola professionale per ex combattenti. Debutta come assistente di Remo Muratore; quindi, dopo un breve periodo alla Rinascente, va a lavorare con Max Huber. Nel 1954 apre un proprio studio: i primi riconoscimenti arrivano grazie alla lunga collaborazione con Montecatini e Pirelli, per i quali cura annunci stampa, cataloghi e grafica per allestimenti (Fiera di Milano). Spinto dalla recessione economica e dalla crisi politica che attanaglia il paese, nel 1971 Ottinetti si trasferisce negli Stati Uniti, stabilendosi a Chicago. Dopo un’esperienza freelance, Ottinetti assume il ruolo di art director per il gruppo assicurativo Kemper, di cui rinnova marchio e identità aziendale. Lascia la professione alla metà degli anni ottanta per dedicarsi alla pittura.
A seguito della sua emigrazione in America, il nome di Ottinetti è stato letteralmente rimosso da ogni successiva indagine storica. Grazie a un primo fortuito incontro nel 2011, l’autore ha più volte intervistato Ottinetti. Fin dall’inizio l’incontro ha preso la forma di una complessa ricerca di storia orale. Il formato del documentario, pur privilegiando una dimensione narrativa personale, consente un commento critico e un confronto tra il contesto culturale italiano e quello americano in cui Ottinetti si è trovato a operare dagli anni settanta. La testimonianza di Ottinetti offre inoltre un racconto senza censure della realtà quotidiana nell’ambiente del design milanese. La ricostruzione ‘giornalistica’ della sua carriera, piuttosto che ricorrere a nozioni astratte di talento o di merito, mette in evidenza il ruolo dei fattori personali e sociali nel determinare il percorso e la fortuna critica di un designer.The documentary retraces the life and works of Italian designer Piero Ottinetti (1927–2018) between Milan and Chicago. Graphic designer, photographer and illustrator, Ottinetti was a leading figure in 1960s Milan, and had a host of important clients, such as Montecatini, Pirelli, Philips, Salmoiraghi, OM, Busnelli, La Cimbali, Lorenz, Ceramiche Marazzi, Lebole, Cotonificio Cantoni. From native Piedmont, after the war Ottinetti went to Rome to attend the San Luca Art Academy, and later in Milan took courses in graphic design at the Convitto Rinascita, a professional school for ex-combatants. He made his debut as study assistant to Remo Muratore; then, after a stint at La Rinascente, went to work with Max Huber. By 1954 he opened his own studio. The first recognitions came thanks to his long-lasting collaboration with Montecatini and Pirelli, for whom over nearly two decades he produced print ads, catalogues, and exhibition graphics. Pushed by the economical recession and the political turmoil that gripped the country, in 1971 Ottinetti decided to move to the United States, settling in Chicago. Following a freelance experience, Ottinetti joined the Kemper Insurance group as art director, where he overhauled the whole corporate identity. He retired by the mid-eighties, devoting himself to painting. He lived in Waukegan, Illinois.
Following his emigration to America, Ottinetti’s name was literally removed from all subsequent historical investigations. After an happenstance discovery in 2011, the author met and interviewed Ottinetti several times. From the start the encounter took the shape of a complex oral history investigation. The documentary format, while privileging a personal narrative dimension, allows a critical commentary and a comparison between the Italian and American cultural context in which Ottinetti operated. Moreover, Ottinetti's testimony offers an uncensored, behind-the-scenes account of the everyday reality of Milan’s design circles. In particular, the journalistic-style reconstruction of his career, rather than resorting to abstract notions of talent or merit, highlights the role of personal and social factors in determining a designer's path
Drug-induced expansion and differentiation of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells in vivo: The role of exogenous IL-2
No full textHuman V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells recognize nonpeptidic Ags generated by the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (many eubacteria, algae, plants, and Apicomplexa) and mevalonate (eukaryotes, archaebacteria, and certain eubacteria) pathways of isoprenoid synthesis. The potent V gamma 9V delta 2 T cell reactivity 1) against certain cancer cells or 2) induced by infectious agents indicates that therapeutic augmentations. of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cell activities may be clinically beneficial. The functional characteristics of V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells from Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey) are very similar to those from Homo sapiens. We have found that the i.v. administration of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate or pyrophosphomonoester drugs into cynomolgus monkeys combined with s.c. low-dose (6 X 10(5) U/animal) IL-2 induces a large pool of CD27(+) and CD27(-) effector/memory T cells in the peripheral blood of treated animals. The administration of these drugs in the absence of IL-2 is substantially less effective, indicating the importance of additional exogenous costimuli. Shortly after the costimulatory IL-2 treatment, only gamma delta (but not alpha beta) T cells expressed the CD69 activation marker, indicating that V gamma 9V delta 2 T lymphocytes are more responsive to low-dose IL-2 than aJ3 T cells. Up to 100-fold increases in the numbers of peripheral blood V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells were observed in animals receiving the gamma delta stimulatory drug plus IL-2. Moreover, the expanded V gamma 9V delta 2 T cells were potent Th1 effectors capable of releasing large amounts of IFN-gamma. These results may be relevant for designing novel (or modifying current) immunotherapeutic trials with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate or pyrophosphomonoester drugs
Analysis of the adoptive transfer of delayed hypersensitivity and T cell repertoire in severe combined immunodeficiency mice reconstituted with human lymphocytes
No full textThe functional capacity of human T cells to passively transfer delayed hypersensitivity (DH) was analysed in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. The tissue distribution of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was analysed by (51)chromium labelling 1 and 24 h after intravenous cell injection. Labelled PBL from purified protein derivative (PPD)-positive healthy individuals mainly localize in the spleen, liver and lungs, with no arrival in the peripheral lymphoid organs and at the site of antigen challenge (footpad), According to such defective distribution, human PPD-immune cells failed to passively transfer PPD-specific DH to SCID recipients when cells were injected either intravenously or intraperitoneally (systemic transfer). On the contrary, PPD-immune cells were able to transfer DH to PPD when injected directly into the footpad (local transfer). Both memory (CD45RA(-)) and naive (CD45RA(+)) enriched subsets were equally able to transfer local DH. The long-term reconstitution of the human immune system in SCID mice was analysed after intraperitoneal PBL transfer (hu-PBL-Scid) by phenotypic analysis, immunoglobulin level, and human DNA detection. Moreover, the reconstitution of the V beta T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in SCID mice was analysed by anchored polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showing that all the 22 V beta families were expressed in the spleen of hu-PBL-SCID mice. Moreover, scanner analysis of Southern blotting revealed the selective expansion of distinct V beta families (V beta 3, V beta 6, V beta 8, V beta 13.1, V beta 14, V beta 17), suggesting that human lymphocytes could recognize specific antigens or superantigens in the SCID environment
Uso di sequenze amminoacidiche da Mycobacterium tuberculosis o dei loro corrispondenti acidi nucleici per la diagnosi e la prevenzione di infezione tubercolare, relativo kit diagnostico e vaccino
No full textKey role of human leukocyte antigen in modulating HIV progression: an overview of the possible applications.
No full textHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression depends on several host factors. Among them human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus has a main role due to the peculiar capability to modulate both innate and adaptive immune response. In this review, the role of HLA molecules and its receptors in HIV progression toward acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome is summarized. A better knowledge about HLA-peptide presentation and recognition by immune cells will open new applications in HIV vaccine and diagnostics design
Mycobacterial 19-kDa lipoprotein mediates Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced apoptosis in monocytes/macrophages at early stages of infection
No full text- …
