1,721,033 research outputs found
Pediatric cancer care management during the COVID-19 pandemic: a review of the literature and a single-centre real-life experience of an Italian pediatric oncology unit
No full textIntroductionThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 pandemic significantly affected clinical practice, also in pediatric oncology units. Cancer patients needed to be treated with an adequate dose density despite the SARS-CoV-2 infection, balancing risks of developing severe COVID-19 disease.Areas coveredAlthough the pandemic spread worldwide, the prevalence of affected children was low. The percentage of children with severe illness was approximately 1-6%. Pediatric cancer patients represent a prototype of a previously healthy immune system that is hampered by the tumor itself and treatments, such as chemotherapy and steroids. Through a review of the literature, we reported the immunological basis of the response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the existing antiviral treatments used in pediatric cancer patients, and the importance of vaccination. In conclusion, we reported the real-life experience of our pediatric oncology unit during the pandemic period.Expert opinionStarting from the data available in literature, and our experience, showing the rarity of severe COVID-19 disease in pediatric patients with solid tumors, we recommend carefully tailoring all the oncological treatments (chemotherapy/targeted therapy/stem cell transplantation/radiotherapy). The aim is the preservation of the treatment's timing, balanced with an evaluation of possible severe COVID-19 disease
Oesophagobronchial fistula caused by varicella zoster virus in a patient with AIDS: a unique case
No full textPredictors of HIV-protection behaviour in HIV-positive men who have sex with casual male partners: A test of the explanatory power of an extended Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills model
No full textThis prospective study applies an extended Information-Motivation- Behavioural Skills (IMB) model to establish predictors of HIV-protection behaviour among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) during sex with casual partners. Data have been collected from anonymous, self-administered questionnaires and analysed by using descriptive and backward elimination regression analyses. In a sample of 165 HIV-positive MSM, 82 participants between the ages of 23 and 78 (M=46.4, SD=9.0) had sex with casual partners during the three-month period under investigation. About 62% (n=51) have always used a condom when having sex with casual partners. From the original IMB model, only subjective norm predicted condom use. More important predictors that increased condom use were low consumption of psychotropics, high satisfaction with sexuality, numerous changes in sexual behaviour after diagnosis, low social support from friends, alcohol use before sex and habitualised condom use with casual partner(s). The explanatory power of the calculated regression model was 49% (p0.001). The study reveals the importance of personal and social resources and of routines for condom use, and provides information for the research-based conceptualisation of prevention offers addressing especially people living with HIV (positive prevention). © 2011 Taylor & Francis
Medicina interna sistematica. Con CD-ROM Castagna, A: Novati, R; Tambussi, G; Uberti Foppa C Capitolo 97 - Infezioni in situazioni particolari
No full textA prospective italian study on baseline NS3 and NS5A resistance to direct-acting antivirals in a real-world setting of HIV-1/HCV coinfected patients and association with treatment outcome
No full textWe prospectively evaluated the frequency of natural resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) in the NS3 and NS5A regions according to different HCV genotypes and their possible effect on treatment outcome in HIV-1/HCV patients treated with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Baseline RASs in the NS3 and NS5A domains were investigated in 62 HIV-1/HCV patients treated with DAAs: 23 patients harbored HCV-GT1a, 26 harbored GT3a, and 13 harbored GT4d. A higher occurrence of RASs was found in the NS3 domain within GT1a (13/23) than GT3a (0/26) or GT4d (2/13). With regard to treatment outcome, NS3 RASs were detected in 14/56 patients with sustained virological response (SVR) and in 1/6 non-responder (NR) patients. Occurrence of RASs of NS5A domain was lower in SVR (4/56, had RASs) than in NR (3/6, had RASs). Evaluation of RASs at baseline instead of at virological failure, especially in the NS5A domain, could positively influence the choice of new DAA combinations for the treatment of HIV-1/HCV patients
Anti-hepatitis C virus treatment may prevent the progression of liver fibrosis in non-responder human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus coinfected patients
No full text- …
