1,721,021 research outputs found
Composizione e suoi usi derivati
No full textLa presente invenzione riguarda una miscela ed una composizione comprendente olio di semi di lino e olio di canapa avente un rapporto omega-3 ed omega-6 equilibrato e/o un rapporto volume/volume fra olio di semi di lino e olio di canapa sia compreso fra 60:40 e 95:5.
L’invenzione riguarda anche un processo per ottenere una nanoemulsione a partire dalla composizione di olio di semi di lino e olio di canapa e la nanoemulsione così ottenuta. Infine, un ulteriore aspetto dell’invenzione si riferisce all’uso di tale composizione e/o nanoemulsione come nutraceutico, in particolare, come alimento a fini speciali, alimento funzionale o integratore alimentare, e per scopi curativi/preventivi
A Combination of α-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Blocks Endotoxin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cytokine Storm: A Possible Intervention for COVID-19
Full text linkThe global scientific community is striving to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms and develop effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19. Despite overwhelming data, there is limited knowledge about the molecular mechanisms involved in the prominent cytokine storm syndrome and multiple organ failure and fatality in COVID-19 cases. The aim of this work is to investigate the possible role of of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), in countering the mechanisms in overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammatory cytokines. An in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human epithelial lung cells that mimics the pathogen-associated molecular pattern and reproduces the cell signaling pathways in cytokine storm syndrome has been used. In this model of acute lung injury, the combination effects of ALAPEA, administered before and after LPS injury, were investigated. Our data demonstrated that a combination of 50 mu M ALA + 5 mu M PEA can reduce ROS and nitric oxide (NO) levels modulating the major cytokines involved on COVID-19 infection when administered either before or after LPS-induced damage. The best outcome was observed when administered after LPS, thus reinforcing the hypothesis that ALA combined with PEA to modulate the key point of cytokine storm syndrome. This work supports for the first time that the combination of ALA with PEA may represent a novel intervention strategy to counteract inflammatory damage related to COVID-19 by restoring the cascade activation of the immune response and acting as a powerful antioxidant
Neuroinflammation-Modulating Properties Combining Glutathione, N-Acetylcysteine, and Uridine Monophosphate in a Formulation Supplement: An In Vitro Study
Full text linkBackground: Neuropathic pain is a complex condition often resistant to current therapies due to limited efficacy and adverse effects. Nutraceuticals offer promising alternatives, combining antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with good tolerability. This study aimed to compare the effects of a commercial nutraceutical formulation, SUPERALA CARNITINE® (Pharma Suisse Laboratories SpA, Milan, Italy), containing Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA), with a novel formulation, called SUPERALA CARNITINE® Forte, where ALA and vitamin B6 were replaced by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), Glutathione (GSH), and Uridine monophosphate (UMP). Methods: An indirect gut–peripheral nerve axis was employed to simulate oral absorption, metabolism, and effect on nervous tissues using 3D in vitro models. Both formulations and their individual components were assessed for cytotoxicity and permeability in the gut model (Caco-2 cells in Transwell®) and, after gut metabolism, for antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory activity, and neuroprotective potential in the peripheral nerve model. Results: SUPERALA CARNITINE® Forte improved cell viability and favoured the maintenance of intestinal integrity, showing enhanced permeability, and significantly reduced oxidative stress (OS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2) at the peripheral nervous system. In addition, it increased levels of neuronal markers (p75, MPZ, NRG1, ERβ) and decreased NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 activity, indicating greater neuroprotection and analgesic modulation than the ALA-based formula.
Conclusions: The replacement of ALA and vitamin B6 with NAC, GSH, and UMP produced favorable responses in vitro on neuronal cells, supporting a hypothetical potential interest in this nutraceutical combination and justifying further future in vivo investigations
Protective effects of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on cultured neural cells exposed to catalytic iron
Full text linkRecent studies have postulated a role for vitamin D and its receptor on cerebral function, and anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects have been described; vitamin D can inhibit proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide synthesis during various neurodegenerative insults, and may be considered as a potential drug for the treatment of these disorders. In addition, iron is crucial for neuronal development and neurotransmitter production in the brain, but its accumulation as catalytic form (Fe(3+)) impairs brain function and causes the dysregulation of iron metabolism leading to tissue damage due to the formation of toxic free radicals (ROS). This research was planned to study the role of vitamin D to prevent iron damage in neuroblastoma BE(2)M17 cells. Mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration, including cell viability, ROS production, and the most common intracellular pathways were studied. Pretreatment with calcitriol (the active form of vitamin D) reduced cellular injury induced by exposure to catalytic iron
Neuroprotective Pathway Modulation by a Novel Coriandrum sativum, N-Acetylcysteine and Glutathione-Based Formulation: Insights from In Vitro 3D Models
Full text linkPain remains a major clinical challenge due to its complex physiopathology and limited treatment options. In this context, several supplements based on palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) are known for their neuroprotective properties. ALA-based supplements have shown potential, but concerns about adverse effects persist. This study examines the formulations of two commercial products based on ALA and PEA, IperALA® and IperALA® Forte, in which ALA and vitamin D3 are replaced with Coriandrum sativum extract (C. sativum e.s.), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and glutathione (GSH), assessing improvement of neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the new formulation. Intestinal, blood–brain barrier (BBB), and central nervous system (CNS) models were sequentially stimulated with the test compounds. Both formulations were assessed for cytotoxicity, barrier integrity, permeability, oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuroprotection-related biomarkers. IperALA® Forte demonstrated superior performance compared to IperALA® and individual agents. It enhanced cell viability, preserved intestinal and BBB integrity, and improved compound permeability. Notably, it reduced ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1), while increasing analgesic markers (CB2R, GABA) in the central system. The replacement of ALA and vitamin D3 with C. sativum, NAC, and GSH in IperALA® Forte significantly improved the neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory profile of the supplement. These results indicate a possible connection between the observed neuroprotective properties and the pathways involved in nociception and pain regulation, stating the hypothetical potential relevance of this approach for the treatment of pain-related conditions
Vitamin D in Oxidative Stress and Diseases
Full text linkThe data described in this chapter consider some new information about the benefits of vitamin D3 comparing the results obtained by the authors on the effects of vitamin D3 during oxidative stress with other works available in the literature. In particular, vitamin D3 can induce a concentration-dependent increase in endothelial NO production through eNOS activation consequential to the phosphorylation of p38, AKT, and ERK. Additional information obtained by the author is about the ability of vitamin D3 to prevent the endothelial cell death through modulation of interplay between apoptosis and autophagy. This effect is obtained by inhibiting superoxide anion generation, maintaining mitochondria function and cell viability, activating survival kinases (ERK and Akt), and inducing NO production. The results also describe that vitamin D3 causes human endothelial cell proliferation and migration in a 3-D matrix through NO-dependent mechanisms. These findings support the role of vitamin D3 in the human angiogenic process, suggesting new applications for vitamin D3 in tissue repair and wound healing. Finally, that the authors have demonstrated the ability of vitamin D3 to counteract negative effects of oxidative stress in brain cells. These data suggest the potential therapeutic use of vitamin D to treat or prevent degenerative brain diseases
Analysis of the Beneficial Effects of Probiotics on the Gut–Prostate Axis Using Prostatic Co-Culture Model
Full text linkThe link between the gut environment and the prostate has recently been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Therefore, this study examined the advantages of a novel oral probiotic supplement to improve intestinal health and treat BPH. A 3D intestinal barrier model that simulated oral intake was used to analyse the combined regulative abilities of Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium psychaerophilum. Then, a co-culture prostatic model was used to investigate the biological consequences of the combination under conditions mimicking BPH. The results show the connection between the gut microbiome and prostate disease since the probiotics successfully modulate the primary mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of BPH. Indeed, after the intestinal passage, the mediators released from B. longum and B. psychaerophilum induced a substantial decrease in reactive oxidative species of about 6 times and inflammation (about 5 times regarding interleukine-6 and 10) and a sharp increase in testosterone and serotonin levels (about 95%). Further, proliferation and BPH principal mediators (such as androgen and dihydrotestosterone) were highly affected and nearly restored to physiological levels. Thus, BPH can be directly affected by probiotic supplementation; specifically, B. longum and B. psychaerophilum, in combination, seem able to promote the mitigation of this disease
Improved Iron Uptake and Metabolism Through Combined Heme and Non-Heme Iron Supplementation: An In Vitro Study
Full text linkIron is essential for numerous physiological processes, including oxygen transport, energy
metabolism, and immune function. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of three iron
formulations combining heme and non-heme iron, comparing them with existing market
products and the original form of iron. The formulations tested were GlobiFer® Forte, a
combination of heme and non-heme iron containing 18 mg of elemental iron (hereinafter
referred to as nutraceutical product 1); GlobiFer®, a combination of heme and non-heme
iron containing 14 mg of elemental iron (hereinafter referred to as nutraceutical product
2); and a double dose of nutraceutical product 2. Using an in vitro 3D intestinal barrier
model, all three formulations significantly increased tight junction protein expression and
TEER values, indicating preserved barrier integrity. Iron absorption analysis revealed
that all three iron formulations had higher absorption rates than controls. Nutraceutical
product 1 showed the highest absorption, associated with increased expression of the iron
transporters such as the primary non-heme iron transporter, DMT1, and the leading apical
heme transporter, HCP-1. All three new formulations increased ferritin and ferroportin
levels, markers of systemic iron storage and regulation. Nutraceutical product 1 was found
to be the most effective, based on percentage. Overall, combining heme and non-heme
iron improved intestinal absorption and supported iron metabolism, with Nutraceutical
Product 1 proving the most promising in terms of efficacy and safety. These results support
the development of optimised dual-source iron supplements to improve bioavailability
and maintain intestinal barrier integrity, prerequisites for better efficacy and tolerability in
clinical use
Analysis of the Combined Effects of a Novel Combination of Hypersmin, Pumpkin Seed and Amaranthus Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Full text linkBackground: Venous hypertension is the primary cause of the disorder known as chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), which affects the lower extremities’ venous system. Because of its biological proper ties, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vascular tone enhancement, medicinal herbs and natural substances are highly recommended for treating CVI. Therefore, this study examined the advantages of a novel combination composed of hypersmin, pumpkin seed and amaranthus extracts (named MIX) in modulating different parameters involved with CVI. Methods: The capacity of these natural compounds to pass across the intestinal barrier and reach the bloodstream was examined using a 3D intestinal barrier model that mimics oral ingestion. The biological effects of the MIX were then compared to those of a commercial product using an in vitro CVI model. Results: The findings demonstrate that the new MIX significantly reduced inflammation while increasing nitric oxide production. The MIX was more successful than the commercial product in reducing apoptosis while restoring vasal tone and extracellular matrix activity. Conclusions: This work has therefore demonstrated the positive benefits of extracts from amaranthus, pumpkin seed and hypersmin in the context of CVI, raising the prospect of creating a unique combination for patients with CVI
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