1,721,003 research outputs found
An avidin/biotin ELISA for the measurement of serum and secretory IgD.
No full textThis paper describes an improved microtiter solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for the determination of serum and secretory IgD. Use of the interaction between biotinylated anti-human IgD and horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-avidin conjugate permits quantitation of human IgD in the range of 1-64 ng/ml. IgD was detected in all samples of serum, saliva and nasal secretions of 28 normal adults. In only one subject both serum and secretory IgD were undetectable. The mean concentration of serum IgD determined by this assay is similar to that reported by other authors using radioimmunoassay. The assay described is not only rapid and inexpensive but at least as sensitive as the radioimmunoassays usually employed for quantitation of IgD
IgE antibodies to hydrolizates of cow's milk proteins in children with cow's milk allergy.
No full textMilk substitutes such as protein hydrolysates are largely used in children with cow milk allergy. The clinical benefit of these preparations is still a matter of debate. In the present study, IgE directed against protein hydrolysates was detected in 6/13 in children with cow milk allergy
Clinical eterogeneity and reversibility of selective immunoglobulin A deficiency in 80 children.
No full text80 children with selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency--40 with severe deficiency (serum IgA less than 5 mg/dl) and 40 with partial deficiency (serum IgA greater than 5 mg/dl but less than minus 2 SD of the age-normal mean)--were followed up for 1.5 to 9 years; during which their serum and salivary IgA levels were measured periodically and the number and type of infections they had were recorded. In the partial deficiency group serum IgA rose to normal levels in half the group at a median age of 14 years and at a median time of 4 years after diagnosis, but they did not reach the normal range in the severe deficiency group. Pneumonia occurred more frequently in the severe than in the partial deficiency group. In addition, 11 of the 12 severely IgA deficient patients who had pneumonia had levels of both serum and salivary IgA of less than 0.5 mg/dl, and only 1 had detectable serum IgA levels. These data indicate that in childhood severe IgA deficiency is persistent and predisposed to pneumonia, whereas partial IgA deficiency is often transient and only occasionally associated with pneumonia
Intravenous gammaglobulin therapy for prophylaxis of infection in high-risk neonates.
No full textThe safety and effectiveness of intravenously administered gammaglobulin therapy for prophylaxis of infection was evaluated in 133 high-risk neonates. The infants were stratified into two groups: infants with birth weight less than or equal to 1500 g and gestational age less than or equal to 34 weeks, and infants with birth weight greater than 1500 g and receiving intensive care and assisted ventilation. Forty-three infants in group 1 and 25 in group 2 were given gammaglobulin at a dose of 0.5 g/kg/wk, for 1 month in group 1 and during intensive care in group 2. Forty infants in group 1 and 25 in group 2 served as controls. Serum total IgG and group B streptococcus-, Escherichia coli-, and CMV-specific IgG levels similar to those in adult controls were observed in the treated infants 2 hours after gammaglobulin administration. In the treated infants in group 1, the incidence of infection was 51%, and of septicemia 5%; in the controls the incidence of infection was 77% (P less than 0.02), and of septicemia 20% (P less than 0.05). Infection was the main cause of death in one treated and six control infants in group 1 (P less than 0.04). In the infants with birth weight greater than 1500 g receiving intensive care and assisted ventilation, no significant differences were observed in the incidence of infection or septicemia in treated and control infants. No side effects were observed after intravenous gammaglobulin administration. These data show that intravenously administered gammaglobulin is both safe and effective for prophylaxis of infection in preterm very low birth weight infants
A new immunoperoxidase assay for lolium perenne-specific IgE in serum based on the biotin/avidin system (BAS).
No full textA new solid-phase immunoassay based on the biotin/avidin system (BAS) for measuring serum Lolium perenne (LP)-specific IgE antibody is described. LP-specific IgE was assayed by the BAS assay and RAST for comparison in the sera of thirty-two normal asymptomatic subjects RAST-negative for LP and of twenty-six subjects with hay fever and RAST-positive for LP. The specificity of the BAS assay for LP-specific IgE was demonstrated by absorption experiments. An overall agreement of 91% (53/58) was observed between the BAS and RAST and a high correlation (r = 0.87, P less than 0.001) was found between the LP-specific IgE determined by the two methods. The advantages of the BAS assay as compared to both the RAST and classical ELISA are discussed
Effect of in vitro treatment with reducing drugs on structure and function of human secretory immunoglobulin A.
No full textSamples of unstimulated whole saliva from 15 healthy children with 0.5--6 mg/100 ml of secretory IgA and from 10 healthy adults with 4--18 mg/100 ml of secretory IgA were pooled and treated in vitro with dithiothreitol and alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine. The effect of these reducing drugs on the immunochemical properties of secretory IgA was evaluated. Dithiothreitol induced depolymerization of secretory IgA and splitting of the secretory piece from the IgA molecule; furthermore it strongly reduced the titer of secretory antibodies to Escherichia coli antigens. The drug alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine apparently did not affect either the polymeric structure of secretory IgA or the titer of secretory anti-E. coli antibodies; however it induced splitting of the secretory piece. On the whole it appers that drugs with reducing properties, currently employed for liquifying mucous secretions in clinical practice, should be carefully evaluated for possible depressive side-effects on local immunity
High prevalence of DRw10 and DQw1 antigens in celiac disease associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
No full textOntogeny of secretory immunity: levels of secretory IgA and natural antibodies in saliva
No full textIn 187 healthy subjects from 2 months to 27 years of age, secretory IgA and free secretory component were assayed in samples of whole saliva obtained before and after stimulation with lemon juice. Antibody titers against Escherichia coli O antigens and against rabbit erythrocytes were also dosed in unstimulated saliva. Secretory IgA, undetectable in newborns, was present in all 2-month-olds tested in both unstimulated and stimulated saliva; thereafter secretory IgA levels increased progressively, reaching adult values by 6 to 8 years in unstimulated saliva and already by 2 to 4 years in stimulated saliva. The antibody titers assessed in unstimulated saliva followed a similar pattern also reaching adult values by 6 to 8 years. On the other hand, free secretory component levels showed no significant variation with age in unstimulated saliva whereas a slight increase was observed in the first year of life in stimulated saliva
High prevalence of DRW10 and DQW1 antigens in coeliac disease associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
No full textAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for cow's milk protein-specific IgE using biotinylated antigen: avoidance of interference by specific IgG.
No full textDetection of specific IgE by the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) which uses labelled antibody can be hampered by the presence of antibodies other than IgE but with the same specificity and may limit usefulness of the RAST for diagnosis of IgE-mediated milk allergy in infancy when high titres of cow's milk protein-specific IgG antibodies are known to be present. This can be avoided by using a system employing labelled antigen, such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) described here, where IgE in the test serum is immunoadsorbed to anti-human IgE coated to microtitre plates. Biotinylated antigen, in this case cow's milk proteins, binds to specific IgE and the reaction is revealed colorimetrically by adding horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-avidin conjugate
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