130,959 research outputs found
Vitamin D in Oxidative Stress and Diseases
No full textThe data described in this chapter consider some new information about the benefits of vitamin D3 comparing the results obtained by the authors on the effects of vitamin D3 during oxidative stress with other works available in the literature. In particular, vitamin D3 can induce a concentration-dependent increase in endothelial NO production through eNOS activation consequential to the phosphorylation of p38, AKT, and ERK. Additional information obtained by the author is about the ability of vitamin D3 to prevent the endothelial cell death through modulation of interplay between apoptosis and autophagy. This effect is obtained by inhibiting superoxide anion generation, maintaining mitochondria function and cell viability, activating survival kinases (ERK and Akt), and inducing NO production. The results also describe that vitamin D3 causes human endothelial cell proliferation and migration in a 3-D matrix through NO-dependent mechanisms. These findings support the role of vitamin D3 in the human angiogenic process, suggesting new applications for vitamin D3 in tissue repair and wound healing. Finally, that the authors have demonstrated the ability of vitamin D3 to counteract negative effects of oxidative stress in brain cells. These data suggest the potential therapeutic use of vitamin D to treat or prevent degenerative brain diseases
Il "Quadriregio" di Federico Frezzi e Fazio degli Uberti
No full textL'articolo propone l'analisi dei rapporti testuali tra il "Quadriregio" di Federico Frezzi e l'opera di Fazio degli Uberti
From Mondini to the latest inner ear malformations’ classifications: an historical and critical review
No full textMore than two hundred years ago, the Italian Carlo Mondini described the first inner ear malformation (IEM). From that moment, a lot of authors from all over the world put their effort on the discovery, description and classification of IEMs. Anatomists, radiologists and surgeons were involved in this amazing field. But the desire for more information on these anomalies should not be considered ephemeral; a deeper understanding of these pathologies has led over the years to the development of new surgical techniques and approaches for auditory rehabilitation of patients affected by congenital hearing loss. The development of new technologies, in particular in radiology and otolaryngology, had a tremendous impact on the evolution of the classification systems proposed over the decades. The evolution of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cochlear implants is still having a great effect in current clinical management of this kind of patients. Even though so much was obtained over the centuries, we cannot really say that the quest is over. The present review aims to sum up the main historical steps that led to the development of the modern classification systems of IEMs
Potential and limits of cannabinoids in alzheimer’s disease therapy
No full textAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a detrimental brain disorder characterized by a gradual cognitive decline and neuronal deterioration. To date, the treatments available are effective only in the early stage of the disease. The AD etiology has not been completely revealed, and investigating new pathological mechanisms is essential for developing effective and safe drugs. The recreational and pharmacological properties of marijuana are known for centuries, but only recently the scientific community started to investigate the potential use of cannabinoids in AD therapy—sometimes with contradictory outcomes. Since the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is highly expressed in the hippocampus and cortex, cannabis use/abuse has often been associated with memory and learning dysfunction in vulnerable individuals. However, the latest findings in AD rodent models have shown promising effects of cannabinoids in reducing amyloid plaque deposition and stimulating hippocampal neurogenesis. Beneficial effects on several dementia-related symptoms have also been reported in clinical trials after cannabinoid treatments. Accordingly, future studies should address identifying the correct therapeutic dosage and timing of treatment from the perspective of using cannabinoids in AD therapy. The present paper aims to summarize the potential and limitations of cannabinoids as therapeutics for AD, focusing on recent pre-clinical and clinical evidence
Redox homeostasis and natural dietary compounds: Focusing on antioxidants of rice (oryza sativa L.)
No full text
Francesco degli Uberti
No full textDisponiamo soltanto di pochi dati certi, nonostante la biografia composta intorno al 1590 dal medico Niccolò II Masini (1533-1602), premessa al manoscritto malatestiano D. I. 2 che contiene un’ampia raccolta delle sue opere («Opera quaecumque invenire licuit» si legge nell’elaborato frontespizio inciso da Francesco Masini). Nato probabilmente a Cesena nel 1440 come egli stesso afferma nel discorso funebre del 1465 per Malatesta Novello (conservato manoscritto nello stesso D I 2, cc. 316v-324v: 319v: «me quintum ac vigesimum annum agente») da Uberto e una Margherita, che Andreini, senza fondamento, ipotizza appartenesse alla nobile famiglia cesenate Ottardi. È difficile stabilire di dove sia originaria la famiglia, ma parrebbe da respingere la fantasiosa ipotesi di una parentela con gli Uberti fiorentini. Secondo il Masini, il padre Uberto, cortigiano anzi segretario dei Malatesta, si era trasferito da Rimini a Cesena nel 1421 seguendo Pandolfo III, che gli aveva dato anche una moglie, Margherita “ex parentibus opulentibus orta”, sposata dunque prima del 1427, anno della morte di Pandolfo stesso
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