149 research outputs found
ICT and Productivity Growth in Transition Economies: Two-Phase Convergence and Structural Reforms
No full textThis paper investigates the role of information and communication technology (ICT) as a driver of improved productivity performance of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries and Russia (CEER) relative to the EU-15 and the U.S. during the 1990s. The paper investigates how, and to what extent, ICT contributed to a narrowing in the productivity gap. Although investment in ICT capital has strongly increased, total factor productivity (TFP) growth has made the largest contribution to convergence during the 1990s. In a few CEER countries, notably the Czech Republic and Hungary, ICT production contributed more to productivity growth than the EU-15 average. Spillovers from a productive use of ICT in both CEER countries and the EU-15 are still considerably lower than in the U.S.. The paper argues that the convergence process between CEER countries and the EU-15 is characterized by two phases. In the first “restructuring” phase, convergence has been driven by enterprise restructuring in manufacturing, which was facilitated by rapid ICT investment in new plants, and by growth in ICT production in particular through FDI. In the second “expansionary” phase the sustained convergence has to rely more on productivity growth in sectors that make intensive use of ICT, in particular the service sector. While the first phase is dependent largely on openness and basic fundamental reforms, the second phase requires deeper structural reforms focused on product and labor market flexibility, business re-organization and investment in human capital and ICT skills.productivity, economic growth, convergence, ICT, Eastern Europe
The Potential of ICT for the Development and Economic Restructuring of the New EU Member States and Candidate Countries
No full textICT could help the New Member States catch up with EU-15 in economic terms. The report documents the potential of ICT for improved productivity performance in the Central and Eastern Europe countries (CEE) at the macro and industry level, in relation to the EU-15 and the US.productivity, information and communication technologies, convergence, Eastern Europe
Age estimation of the Southern Ocean squid Moroteuthopsis longimana using beaks collected from predators' diet: number and increment widths in the rostrum sagittal section of the lower beak
No full textIn this work we used upper and lower beaks of Moroteuthopsis longimana collected from the diet of Antarctic toothfish Dissostichus mawsoni from the Pacific (Ross and Amundsen Seas) and Atlantic (South Sandwich Islands) sectors of the Southern Ocean to study the feasibility of using beaks collected from predators’ stomachs to study the age of Southern Ocean oceanic squid and to estimate the age and growth patterns of M. longimana. We analysed the presence of micro-increments in the rostrum sagittal section (RSS) and the lateral wall of both upper and lower beaks. Lower beak’s RSS was the only section where it is possible to observe and count a readable sequence of increments that allowed to estimate the age of oceanic squid using beaks collected from predators’ stomachs.
This dataset contains the number and width of increments found in the RSS of the 10 M. longimana’s lower beaks used in this study. Further information related with the studied beaks such as beak measurements, origin and sample date can be found in the published article.
This dataset is associated with the article: Queirós JP, Bartolomé A, Piatkowski U, Xavier JC, Perales-Raya C (2023) Age and growth estimation of Southern Ocean squid Moroteuthopsis longimana: can we use beaks collected from predators’ stomachs? Marine Biology 170, 10. DOI 10.1007/s00227-022-04156-2This work was supported by the strategic program of Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), financed by the FCT (UIDB/704292/2020). JPQ was supported by a FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) and Portuguese Polar Program (PROPOLAR) and by FCT PhD scholarship co-financed by FSE (SFRH/BD/144320/2019)
Does ICT Investment Matter for Growth and Labor Productivity in Transition Economies?
No full textFollowing up on a previous paper by the same author on the contribution of ICT capital to growth and labor productivity in Poland 1995-2000, this paper extends the study to eight transition economies: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Russia, Slovakia and Slovenia. The paper shows that the contribution of investment in IT hardware, software and telecommunication equipment to output growth and labor productivity between 1995 and 2000 in most countries featured in the study was much higher than what might be expected on the basis of the level of their GDP per capita. This may suggest that the transition economies – through the use of ICT - are benefiting from the technological leapfrogging to increase the growth rates in output and labor productivity and hence accelerate the process of catching-up. The relatively large contribution of ICT capital to output growth and labor productivity is due to an extraordinary acceleration in real ICT investments, which were growing between 1995 and 2000 at an average rate of more than 20% a year for almost all countries in the study. Large investments in ICT seem to have been induced by (i) falling prices of ICT products and services, which encouraged companies to substitute ICT for non-ICT capital and (ii) an opportunity for higher-than-normal returns on ICT investments due to a large pent-up demand for ICT infrastructure, a legacy of decapitalization and technological gap existing before 1989.economic growth, post-communist countries, information technology, growth accounting
Distribution, abundance and diurnal migration of macrozooplankton in Antarctic surface waters
No full textoai:oceanrep.geomar.de:
Maps of the Geographical Distribution of Macrozooplankton in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean
No full textZoogeographische Untersuchungen und Gemeinschaftsanalysen an antarktischem Makroplankton = Zoogeographical Investigations and community analyses on antarctic macroplankton
No full textJoint biological Expedition on RRS "John Biscoe", February 1982 : (Gemeinsame biologische Expedition mit RRS "John Biscoe", Februar 1982) 2: Data of micronecton and zooplankton hauls
No full textVerification of the friction coefficients determining method for Froude pendulum self-excited vibrations
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