254,300 research outputs found
Leptochelia taitungensis Tzeng & Hsueh, 2015, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Leptochelia taitungensis</i> sp. nov. <p>Figs 1–5</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> <i>Holotype</i>: non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–1), 3.3 mm, Jialulan (22°48'10.2"N, 121°11'57.0"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from brown alga <i>Padina</i> sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 10 August 2010.</p> <p> <i>Allotype</i>: male (NMNS 7434–2), 3.1 mm, Shanyuan (22°50'12.6"N, 121°11'18.0"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from green alga <i>Boodlea</i> sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 23 August 2010.</p> <p> <i>Paratypes</i>: one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–3), 3.2 mm, Jihuei (23°06'54.9"N, 121°24'16.3"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from polychaete-worm tube of <i>Eunice taoi</i> Hsueh & Li, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 25 March 2011; one male (NMNS 7434–4), 2.8 mm, Jihuei (23°06'54.9"N, 121°24'16.3"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 6 October 2010; one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–5), 2.1 mm, and one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–6), 2.2 mm, same collection data as holotype; one ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–7), 3.9 mm, one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–8), 2.5 mm, and one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–9), 3.5 mm, Jialulan (22°48'10.2"N, 121°11'57.0"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, collected by You- Wei Tzeng, 23 August 2010; one post-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–10), 3.2 mm, Jihuei (23°06'54.9"N, 121°24'16.3"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 7 October 2010; one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–11), 2.5 mm, one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–12), 3.6 mm, one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7434–13), 2.9 mm, and five female (NMNS 7434–14), Shanyuan (22°50'12.6"N, 121°11'18.0"E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 23 August 2010.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Female</i>: <i>Cephalothorax</i> 1.3 times as long as wide. <i>Maxilliped</i> basis with four distal setae, endite with three long distal spines, innermost shorter. <i>Cheliped</i> basis 1.6 times as long as wide; carpus twice as long as wide. <i>Pereopod 1</i> basis four times as long as wide. <i>Pereopod 6</i> with a row of distal pectinate setae on propodus. <i>Uropod</i> exopod one-articled, 0.5 times as long as endopod article 1; endopod three- to five-articled. <i>Male</i>: <i>Antennule</i> flagellum seven-articled, article 1 with ten aesthetascs, articles 2–5 and 7 with five aesthetascs, article 6 with eight aesthetascs. <i>Cheliped</i> 0.5 times as long as body; fixed finger incisive margin with two triangular processes. <i>Uropod</i> exopod two-articled, longer than endopod article 1; endopod five-articled.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> <i>Female, holotype</i>: <i>Habitus</i> (Fig. 1 A) body subcylindrical, over six times as long as wide. <i>Cephalothorax</i> oval-shaped, about 0.2 times as long as body and 1.3 times as long as wide, lateral margin with one seta adjacent to eye and one medial seta. <i>Pereonites</i> wider than long, with one or two lateral setae; pereonite 1 short, 0.35 times as long as wide; pereonite 2 longer than pereonite 1 but slightly narrower, 0.45 times as long as wide; pereonite 3 longer than pereonite 2, 0.55 times as long as wide; pereonite 4 longer than pereonite 3, about 0.7 times as long as wide; pereonite 5 longest, 0.8 times as long as wide; pereonite 6 as long as pereonite 3. <i>Pleon</i> about 0.17 times as long as body; pleonites wider than pereonites, with one lateral seta each side. <i>Pleotelson</i> narrower than pereonites, posterior margin with one small medial process, the process with one terminal seta and two adjacent setae on each side.</p> <p> <i>Antennule</i> (Fig. 1 B) three-articled plus distinct distal cap-like segment, almost 0.6 times as long as cephalothorax; article 1 longest, 0.55 times as total length, outer margin with one proximal broom seta, one median seta, three median broom setae, one distal seta, and three distal broom setae, inner margin with one median seta; article 2 0.4 times as long as article 1, with one distal outer seta, one distal inner seta and one distal inner broom seta; article 3 shorter than article 2, with one distal seta, one distal broom setae and one distal aesthetasc; cap-like segment with five distal setae and one distal broom seta.</p> <p> <i>Antenna</i> (Fig. 1 C) six-articled; article 1 with one distodorsal seta; article 2 with one strong distodorsal seta and one thorn-like distoventral spine; article 3 with one strong distoventral spine; article 4 longest, 0.4 times as long as antenna, with two distodorsal setae, one distodorsal broom seta and one distal outer broom seta; article 5 with one distodorsal and one distoventral seta; article 6 very short, with four distal setae.</p> <p> <i>Labrum</i> (Fig. 1 D) sub-quadrate, covered by long setules. <i>Left mandible</i> (Fig. 1 E) <i>lacinia mobilis</i> large, subtriangular, superior margin crenulated; incisor smooth, with blunt acuminate apex; molar robust, with distal ridges. <i>Right mandible</i> (Fig. 1 F) without <i>lacinia mobilis</i>; incisor with superior margin crenulated and apex bifid; molar not studied. <i>Labium</i> (Fig. 1 G) outer and inner lobes setulose. <i>Maxillule</i> (Fig. 1 H) palp with two distal setae; endite with nine distal spines, superodistal margin covered with setules and setae, inner margin with five setae. <i>Maxilliped</i> (Fig. 2 A) basis with four long distal setae; endite (Fig. 2 B) outer margin setulose, inner margin with two coupling hooks, distal margin with strong lateral seta and three blunt spines, the innermost shorter than other two; palp article 1 naked; article 2 inner margin with four setae; article 3 inner margin with eight setae; article 4 with eight distal setae.</p> <p> <i>Cheliped</i> (Fig. 2 C) about 0.25 times as long as body, attached to cephalothorax via sclerite; sclerite triangular, with one outer seta; basis 1.6 times as long as wide, asetose; merus triangular, with three ventral setae; carpus 1.2 times as long as basis, over 2.0 times as long as wide, with three dorsal and three distoventral setae; propodus plus fixed finger as long as basis, 2.0 times as long as wide, with one outer and one inner seta near articulation with dactylus, a row of four inner setae and a row inner setules (Fig. 2 D), fixed finger about 0.25 times as long as propodus, ventral margin with two setae, incisive margin with one large lamellate process and three setae; dactylus curved, with one inner seta.</p> <p> <i>Pereopod 1</i> (Fig. 2 E) coxa with one setae; basis slightly curved, four times as long as wide, with one dorsoproximal seta; ischium wider than long, with one ventral seta; merus 0.35 times as long as basis, with one dorsal seta; carpus slightly shorter than merus, with two dorsal setae and one distoventral seta; propodus 0.7 times as long as basis, with four distal setae; dactylus thin and slightly curved, unguis about 0.4 times as long as dactylus, together longer than propodus. <i>Pereopod 2</i> (Fig. 2 F) coxa with one setae; basis 2.5 times as long as wide, with three dorsoproximal broom setae; ischium wider than long, with one ventral seta; merus 0.35 times as long as basis, with one distoventral spine; carpus shorter than merus, with two distodorsal setae and one small distoventral spine; propodus 0.6 as long as basis, with four distodorsal setae and one distoventral spine; dactylus short, together with unguis shorter than propodus. <i>Pereopod 3</i> (Fig. 2 G, figures and description based on right pereopod 3 of paratype NMNS7434–3) coxa with one setae; basis 2.4 times as long as wide, asetose; ischium with one ventral seta; merus 0.4 times as long as basis, with one distoventral seta and one distoventral spine; carpus shorter than merus, with two distodorsal setae, one distoventral seta and one small distoventral spine; propodus 0.7 times as long as basis, with two distodorsal setae and one small distoventral spine; dactylus and unguis short.</p> <p> <i>Pereopod 4</i> (Fig. 3 A) coxa asetose; basis thick, less than twice as long as wide, with three dorsoproximal broom setae; ischium wider than long, with one ventral seta; merus about 0.4 times as long as basis, with two distoventral spines; carpus shorter than merus, with one distodorsal setae, distal margin with one medial and two lateral spines; propodus longer than carpus but shorter than merus, 2.5 times as long as wide, with three distodorsal setae, and two ventro-subdistal spines; dactylus and unguis fused to a claw, together shorter than propodus. <i>Pereopod 5</i> (Fig. 3 B) similar to pereopod 4 but basis with two ventral broom setae, ischium with two ventral setae, and propodus with four distodorsal setae. <i>Pereopod 6</i> (Fig. 3 C) similar to pereopod 4 but basis asetose, propodus (Fig. 3 D) distodorsal margin with two long seta and five strong pectinate setae.</p> <p> <i>Pleopod 1</i> (Fig. 3 E) basal article with one inner plumose seta; exopod with 20 outer plumose setae and one outer proximal plumose seta; endopod with twelve outer plumose setae, one outer proximal plumose seta and one inner medial plumose seta. <i>Pleopod 2</i>, <i>3</i> and <i>5</i> (not figured) similar to pleopod 1. <i>Pleopod 4</i> (not figured) similar to pleopod 1 but endopod with ten outer plumose setae and one outer proximal plumose seta.</p> <p> <i>Uropod</i> (Fig. 3 F) basal article asetose; exopod one-articled, 0.5 times as long as endopod article 1, with one seta on outer mid-margin and two distal setae; endopod five-articled, articles 1–2 with two distal setae, article 3 asetose, article 4 with one distal seta and two broom setae, article 5 with four distal setae and two broom setae.</p> <p> <b>Variations.</b> Almost all large adults have five uropod endopod articles. However, some smaller individuals have fewer or uneven numbers of left and right uropod endopod articles (i.e., five and four in NMNS7434–3; four and three in NMNS7434–5; three and three in NMNS7434–6; four and four in NMNS7434–8).</p> <p> <i>Male allotype</i>: <i>Habitus</i> (Fig. 4 A) body more dorsoventrally flattened than female, five times as long as wide. <i>Cephalothorax</i> over 0.2 times as long as body, eyes large. <i>Pereonites</i> wider than long; pereonite 1 short, 0.25 times as long as wide; pereonite 2 longer but as wide as pereonite 1, 0.3 times as long as wide; pereonite 3 longer and narrower than pereonite 2, 0.45 times as long as wide; pereonite 4 the longest, narrower than pereonite 3, 0.7 times as long as wide; pereonite 5 the narrowest, 0.8 times as long as wide; pereonite 6 shorter but wider than pereonite 5, 0.4 times as long as wide. <i>Pleon</i> 0.2 times as long as body, narrower than pereon; pleonites all about the same length. <i>Pleotelson</i> narrower than pleonite 5, 0.7 times as long as wide, with one lateroproximal seta, one laterodistal seta and one laterodistal broom seta, posterior margin with one small medial process, the process with two terminal setae.</p> <p> <i>Antennule</i> (Fig. 4 B) long, over twice as long as cephalothorax; peduncle three-articled, article 1 3.0 times as long as wide, with two distodorsal setae; article 2 0.6 times as long as article 1 and narrower, with one distal outer seta, one distoventral seta and two distoventral broom setae; article 3 0.6 times as long as article 2 and narrower, with two distodorsal setae; flagellum seven-articled, each article about 0.5 times as long as peduncle article 3, article 1 with one ventroproximal and one distoventral cluster of five aesthetascs, articles 2–5 each with one distoventral cluster of five aesthetascs, article 6 with one distoventral cluster of eight aesthetascs; article 7 with five distal setae and five distal aesthetascs.</p> <p> <i>Antenna</i> (Fig. 4 C) only reaching distal peduncle article 1 of antennule; article 1 short, asetose; article 2 2.0 times as long as article 1, with one distodorsal seta; article 3 1.8 times as long as article 2, with one distodorsal seta and one distoventral broom seta; article 4 a little shorter than article 3, with one distodorsal seta, one lateral seta, two distoventral setae and one distoventral broom setae; article 5 the longest, 2.0 times as long as article 3, with one distodorsal seta and one distoventral seta; article 6 very small, with six distal setae.</p> <p> <i>Mouthparts</i> reduced. <i>Maxilliped</i> present but almost fused with cephalothorax.</p> <p> <i>Cheliped</i> (Fig. 4 D) larger than female, over 0.5 times as long as body, attached to cephalothorax via sclerite; sclerite triangular, with one outer seta; basis less than twice as long as wide, asetose; merus triangular, with one outer seta; carpus long, three times as long as wide, with four short dorsal setae and two long ventromedial setae; propodus palm less than twice as long as wide, with one oblique row of inner setae (Fig. 4 E, one long seta and 19 short setae in this row), fixed finger about 0.5 times as long as propodus, distally curved, with four setae on ventral margin, one lateral seta, three setae and two triangular processes on incisive margin; dactylus curved, about as long as fixed finger, with one dorsoproximal seta, with serrations and eight small spines on incisive margin.</p> <p> <i>Pereopod 1</i> (Fig. 5 A) coxa asetose; basis long and slender, slightly curved, 5.0 times as long as wide, with one dorsoproximal seta and one dorsoproximal broom seta; ischium wider than long, with one ventral seta; merus 0.3 times as long as basis, with two distodorsal and two distoventral setae; carpus longer than merus, with three distodorsal setae and one distoventral seta; propodus slender, 0.65 times as long as basis, with three distodorsal setae, one distodorsal short seta and one distoventral seta; dactylus thin and slightly curved, unguis about 0.4 times as long as dactylus, together shorter than propodus.</p> <p> <i>Pereopod 2</i> (Fig. 5 B) coxa with one seta; basis 4.0 times as long as wide, with one dorsoproximal seta and one dorsoproximal broom seta; ischium wider than long, with two ventral setae; merus 0.3 times as long as basis, with one distoventral seta and one distoventral spine; carpus longer than merus, with two distodorsal setae, one distoventral seta and one distoventral spine; propodus 0.6 times as long as basis, with three distodorsal setae, one distodorsal short setae and one distoventral spine; dactylus and unguis short. <i>Pereopod 3</i> (Fig. 5 C) similar to pereopod 2 but basis without dorsoproximal broom seta, ischium with three ventral setae.</p> <p> <i>Pereopod</i> 4 (Fig. 5 D) coxa with one seta; basis stout, 2.5 times as long as wide, with two dorsoproximal broom and one dorsomedial seta; ischium wider than long, with one ventral seta; merus 0.3 times as long as basis, with two distoventral spines; carpus longer than merus, distal margin with two dorsal setae, two outer spines and two inner spines; propodus 0.6 times as long as basis, with four distodorsal setae and two distoventral spines; dactylus and unguis fused to a claw, together shorter than propodus. <i>Pereopod</i> 5 (Fig. 5 E) similar to pereopod 4 but coxa asetose, basis with one dorsoproximal broom seta, ischium with two ventral setae, carpus with large distodorsal spine. <i>Pereopod 6</i> (Fig. 5 F) similar to pereopod 5 but basis stouter and propodus with five distodorsal pectinate setae.</p> <p> <i>Pleopods</i> (Fig. 5 G) basal article with one inner plumose seta; exopod with 26–28 outer plumose setae; endopod with 18–19 outer plumose setae and one inner medial plumose seta.</p> <p> <i>Uropod</i> (Fig. 5 H) basal article 1.4 times as long as wide, with four distal outer setae; exopod two-articled, longer than endopod article 1, article 1 with one distodorsal seta, article 2 with two distal setae; endopod article 1 with five distal setae and one inner distal broom seta, article 2 longer than article 1, with four distal setae and one inner distal broom seta, article 3 longer than article 2, with four distal setae, article 4 longer than article 3, with two distal setae and one inner distal broom seta, article 5 longer than article 4, with five distal setae and one inner distal broom seta.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The name is derived from Taitung County in Taiwan, where the species was collected exclusively on coasts of this County.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Jialulan, eastern Taiwan.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Jialulan, Shanyuan and Jihuei, Taitung County, eastern Taiwan.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Males of the present species possess compact and robust chelipeds, which is a distinctive morphological character of the <i>Leptochelia dubia / savignyi</i> group (Edgar 2012; Anderson 2013) and <i>Leptochelia taitungensis</i> <b>sp. nov</b>. should be assigned to this group as well. According to Anderson (2013: 385) and Jarquín- González <i>et al</i>. (2015), eighteen species in the genus were included to this species group. Of those species, only four (<i>Leptochelia daggi</i> Bamber, 2005 and <i>L. opteros</i> Bamber, 2008 from Australia, <i>L. savignyi</i> (Krøyer) from Europe, and <i>L. tarda</i> Larsen & Rayment, 2002 from India) have a similar morphology in the male chelipeds and the same number of maxilliped basis distal setae (four) and uropod exopod articles of the female as <i>L. taitungensis</i> (Table 2). However, the present species can be distinguished from the two Australian species by the female uropod exopod only reaching half-length of exopod article 1, the longer cheliped basis (1.6 times as long as wide), and males having a two-articled uropod exopod. <i>Leptochelia taitungensis</i> also differs from the European species by female having up to five uropod endopod articles and male having a two-articled uropod exopod. The Thailand species, <i>Leptochelia tarda,</i> is very similar to the present species but can be separated by having shorter distal spines on maxilliped endite and male having one-articled uropod exopod, compared to long distal spines on maxilliped endite and male with two-articled uropod exopod in the present species (Bamber, 2005: figs 37G, 38A, H; Bamber, 2008: figs 30F, H, 31A; Larsen & Rayment: figs 5G, 6F, L; present study: Figs 1 H, 2A, B, 3C, D, F, Table 2).</p>Published as part of <i>Tzeng, You-Wei & Hsueh, Pan-Wen, 2015, Additions of new species and records to the Tanaidomorpha (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) of Taiwan, pp. 27-50 in Zootaxa 4013 (1)</i> on pages 28-36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4013.1.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/289392">http://zenodo.org/record/289392</a>
Using a fuzzy piecewise regression analysis to predict the nonlinear series of turbulent flows with automatic change-point detection
No full textParaleptochelia setosa Tzeng & Hsueh 2021, sp. nov.
No full textParaleptochelia setosa sp. nov. Figs 1–5 Material examined. Holotype: non-ovigerous female (NMNS 8288-01), body length 2.5 mm, Jihuei (23°06’54.9”N, 121°24’16.3”E), Taitung County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from polychaetous worm tube of Eunice taoi Hsueh & Li, 2014, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 22 July 2013. Allotype: male (NMNS 8288-02), body length 2.1 mm, Shitiping (23°28’57.4”N, 121°30’46.9”E), Hualien County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from red alga Amansia glomerata C. Agardh, 1822, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 17 August 2011. Paratypes:male (NMNS 8288-03), body length 2.2 mm, same collection data as allotype; male (NMNS 8288-04), body length 2.2 mm, Jialulan (22°48’10.2”N, 121°11’57.0”E), Taitung County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, from sand pile, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 23 July 2013; male (NMNS 8288-05), Shitiping (23°28’57.4”N, 121°30’46.9”E), Hualien County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 17 August 2011; male (NMNS 8288-06), body length 2.1 mm, Shitiping (23°28’57.4”N, 121°30’46.9”E), Hualien County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from red alga Mastophora rosea (C. Agardh) Setchell, 1943, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 20 August 2012; non-ovigerous female (NMNS 8288-07), body length 2.4 mm, same collection data as holotype; 3 non-ovigerous females (NMNS 8288-08), same collection data as allotype; male (NMNS 8288-09), Jihuei (23°06’54.9”N, 121°24’16.3”E), Taitung County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from M. rosea, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 18 April 2012; male (NMNS 8288-10), Jihuei (23°06’54.9”N, 121°24’16.3”E), Taitung County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from polychaetous worm tube of E. taoi, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 18 April 2012; non-ovigerous female (NMNS 8288-11), same collection data as NMNS 8288-10; male (NMNS 8288-12), same collection data as NMNS 8288-10; 3 non-ovigerous females (NMNS 8288-13), same collection data as NMNS 8288-10; male (NMNS 8288-14), Shitiping (23°28’57.4”N, 121°30’46.9”E), Hualien County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from red alga M. rosea, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 21 April 2012; 8 non-ovigerous females (NMNS 8288-15), same collection data as holotype; 4 males (NMNS 8288-16), same collection data as holotype; 3 non-ovigerous females (NMNS 8288-17), Shitiping (23°28’57.4”N, 121°30’46.9”E), Hualien County, eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from red alga A. glomerata, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, 21 April 2012. Diagnosis. Female: Body about 7.5 times longer than wide. Maxilliped endite distal margin with one long and strong seta and two blunt spines, inner margin with two coupling hooks. Pereopods 4–6 carpus with four distal spines. Pereopod-6 ischium with two ventral setae. Uropod exopod two-articled, endopod five-articled. Male: Body about six times longer than wide. Carapace 1.5 times longer than wide. Antennule flagellum five-articled, article- 1 with a cluster of proximal aesthetascs and distal aesthetascs. Antenna article-2 without ventral spine. Cheliped carpus about six times longer than wide, fixed finger incisive margin with one low and blunt middle apophysis, and one smaller apophysis on distal one-thirds. Uropod peduncle with a pair of long inner-distal setae and a pair of long ventral setae; exopod two-articled, endopod five-articled. Description (some characters stated in generic or species diagnosis not included). Female: Habitus (Fig. 1A) body slender dorsoventrally flattened. Carapace long elliptical, 0.2 times as long as body, lateral margins with three setae. Pereon 0.6 times as long as body; pereonite-1 shortest, 0.3 times as long as carapace, 0.5 times as long as wide; pereonite-2 about 1.4 times longer than pereonite-1, 0.7 times as long as wide; pereonite-3 1.1 times longer than pereonite-2, 0.8 times as long as wide; pereonite-4 longest, 1.3 times longer than pereonite-3, slightly longer than wide; pereonite-5 0.9 times as long as pereonite-4, nearly as long as wide; pereonite-6 0.8 times as long as pereonite-5, 0.8 times as long as wide; all pereonites with one anterolateral seta. Pleon about 0.2 times as long as body; all pleonites about the same length, with two setae on lateral margin. Pleotelson with two pairs of setae on distal margin. Antennule (Fig. 1C) three-articled plus one distal cap-like segment, 0.6 times as long as carapace; article-1 longest, 0.6 times as long as total length and about 2.7 times longer than wide, outer and inner margin with one subdistal seta, distal margin with one long seta and three broom setae; article-2 about 0.3 times as long as article-1, with two distal setae; article-3 almost 1.2 times longer than article-2, distal margin with two setae, one broom seta, and one aesthetasc; cap-like segment with four long setae. Antenna (Fig. 1D) six-articled; article-1 short and naked; article-2 distal margin with one strong dorsal spine and one strong ventral spine; article-3 shorter than article-2, distal margin with one strong dorsal spine; article-4 longest, over 0.3 times as long as total length, with two distal setae and one distal broom seta; article-5 about 0.6 times as long as article-4, with one distal seta; article-6 very short, with four distal setae. Labrum not observed. Left mandible (Fig. 1E) lacinia mobilis large, subtriangular, distal margin crenulate; incisor with blunt acuminate apex, distal margin with one small protrusion; molar not observed. Right mandible (Fig. 1F) incisor with bifid apex and crenulate distal margin; molar robust, with distal ridges. Labium not observed. Maxillule (Fig. 1G) palp with two distal setae; endite with eleven distal spines, outer margin covered with setules, inner margin with five short setae. Maxilla and epignath not observed. Maxilliped (Fig. 2A) endite (Fig. 2B) distal margin covered with setules; palp article-1 naked, article-2 outer margin with one distal seta, inner margin with one distal seta and three subdistal setae, article-3 inner margin with six setae, article-4 outer margin with one seta, distal margin with six setae. Cheliped (Fig. 2C) basis 0.4 times as long as total length, 1.6 times longer than wide, with one lateral seta; merus triangular; carpus robust, 0.5 times as long as total length, 2.1 times longer than wide, dorsal margin with one distal seta and two small spinules on proximal half, ventral margin with three setae; propodus stout, palm about 1.5 times longer than wide, with one seta and a comb-like row of three setae near dactylus articulation, fixed finger thick, 1.5 times longer than wide, incisive margin with three low process, unguis small; dactylus curved, outer margin with one small proximal seta, incisive margin with one medial low process, unguis larger than that of fixed finger. Pereopod-1 (Fig. 2D) long and slender; coxa with one seta; basis curved, four times longer than wide, dorsal margin with one dorso-subproximal short seta; merus less than 0.4 times as long as basis, naked; carpus nearly as long as merus, with one long and one short dorsodistal seta; propodus about 0.7 times as long as basis, dorsal margin with a cluster of four subdistal setae and one small subdistal spinule, ventral margin with one subdistal seta; dactylus plus unguis curved, almost as long as propodus, unguis 1.3 times longer than dactylus. Pereopod-2 (Fig. 2E) shorter than pereopod-1; coxa with one seta; basis dorsal margin with one short seta on proximal half; merus 1.5 times longer than wide; carpus as long as merus; propodus almost two times longer than carpus, dorsal margin with two long subdistal setae and one small subdistal spinule, ventral margin with one subdistal seta; dactylus curved, with unguis. Pereopod-3 (Fig. 2F) very similar to pereopod-2 but propodus dorsal margin with only one subdistal seta. Pereopod-4 (Fig. 3A) coxa with one seta; basis thick, 2.1 longer than wide, with two ventral broom setae; merus about 0.6 times as long as basis, two times longer than wide; carpus slightly shorter than merus, 1.7 times longer than wide, with one dorsodistal seta, with four spines on distal extremity; propodus 1.3 times longer than carpus, 2.5 times longer than wide, dorsal margin with one distal bipinnate seta, two subdistal setae and one small subdistal spinule, ventral margin with two subdistal spines; dactylus curved, with short unguis. Pereopod-5 (Fig. 3B) very similar to pereopod-4 but basis with only one ventral broom seta, carpus without dorsal seta. Pereopod-6 (Fig. 3C) coxa with one seta; basis over three times longer than wide, naked; merus about 0.4 times as long as basis, two times longer than wide, with one ventrodistal seta and two ventrodistal spines; carpus about as long as merus, two times longer than wide, with one dorsodistal seta, with four spines on distal extremity; propodus 1.3 times longer than carpus, 2.5 times longer than wide, dorsal margin with one distal seta, a cluster of three distal setae and one small subdistal spinule, ventral margin with two subdistal spines; dactylus curved, unguis short. Pleopod-1 (Fig. 3D) peduncle naked; exopod outer margin with one circumplumose seta, distal to inner margin with ten plumose setae and one proximal circumplumose seta; endopod distal to inner margin with nine plumose setae and one proximal circumplumose seta. Uropod (Fig. 3E) exopod article-1 with one distal seta, article-2 with two distal setae; endopod article-1 with one short distal seta and two distal broom setae, article-2 with two distal setae, article-3 longest, with one distal seta and one distal broom seta, article-4 with one distal seta, article-5 with two distal broom setae, one short and three long distal setae. Male: Habitus (Fig. 1B, figure and description based on NMNS 8288-06, 2.1 mm) slender, dorsoventrally flattened. Carapace oblong, less than 0.3 times as long as body, proximal half slightly wider than distal half, with three lateral setae, eye lobe distinct. Pereon over 0.5 times as long as body; pereonite-1 shortest but widest, about 0.3 times as long as wide; pereonite-2 slightly longer than pereonite-1, 0.5 times as long as wide; pereonite-3 1.3 times longer than pereonite-2, less than 0.7 times as long as wide; pereonite-4 1.4 times longer than pereonite-3, 0.9 times as long as wide; pereonite-5 slightly shorter than pereonite-4, 0.9 times as long as wide; pereonite-6 0.7 times as long as pereonite-5, 0.5 times as long as wide; all pereonites with one lateral seta. Pleon shorter than carapace, less than 0.2 times as long as body; all pleonites about the same length, with two lateral setae. Pleotelson with two distal setae. Antennule (Fig. 4A) long, almost 0.6 times as long as body; peduncle article-1 long and slender, over 0.5 times as long as total length, 14 times longer than wide, with one distal seta and two distal broom setae; peduncle article-2 0.4 times as long as article-1, with one distal seta and one subdistal seta; peduncle article-3 very short, 0.2 times as long as article-2, with one distal seta; flagellum article-1 with a cluster of five proximal aesthetascs and two distal aesthetascs, articles 2 and 3 with three distal aesthetascs, article-4 with four distal aesthetascs, article-5 very small, with four setae. Antenna (Fig. 4B, figure and description based on NMNS 8288-03, 2.2 mm) article-1 naked; articles 2 and 3 short and thick, with one long dorsodistal spine; article-4 longest, about 0.35 times as long as total length, with two distal setae and four distal broom setae; article-5 0.5 times as long as article-4, with one distal seta; article-6 very short, with two long and one short seta. Cheliped (Fig. 4C) basis short, 0.1 times as long as total length, 1.8 times longer than wide; merus short, 0.4 times as long as basis, with two ventral setae; carpus long and slender, 0.4 times as long as total length, with two dorsal and two ventral setae; propodus palm over six times longer than wide, with one seta near dactylus articulation, inner surface with a comb-like row of eleven setae; fixed finger partially curved, about 0.3 times as long as propodus, incisive margin with one low and blunt middle apophysis, one smaller distal apophysis and three setae on distal one thirds, outer margin with two setae, unguis short; dactylus (Fig. 4D) curved, with six spinules along incisive margin, proximal half of incisive margin with a row of teeth, within which the most proximal three (arrowed) especially larger, outer margin with one proximal seta, unguis short. Pereopod-1 (Fig. 4F) merus 1.8 times longer than wide; carpus slightly longer and narrower than merus, 2.6 times longer than wide, dorsal margin with one subdistal seta; propodus 1.6 times longer than carpus, four times longer than wide, dorsal margin with two subdistal setae and one small distal spinule, ventral margin with one strong subdistal spine; dactylus plus unguis long and slightly curved, 0.8 times as long as propodus, with three small proximal spinules, unguis shorter than dactylus. Pereopod-2 (Fig. 4G) basis five times longer than wide, dorsal margin with one seta and one broom seta on proximal half; merus less than 0.3 times as long as basis, 1.8 times longer than wide, with one ventrodistal spine; carpus slightly longer than merus, 1.6 times longer than wide, with one ventrodistal spine; propodus 1.7 times longer than carpus, three times longer than wide; dactylus curved, with one proximal transversal row of setules and one middle seta. Pereopod-3 (Fig. 5A) very similar to pereopod-2 but propodus dorsal margin with one subdistal seta. Pereopod-4 (Fig. 5B) coxa with one seta; basis not swollen, 2.7 times longer than wide, with one dorsal broom seta; ischium with two ventral seta; merus 0.4 times as long as basis, 1.8 times longer than wide, with two ventrodistal spines; carpus about as wide and as long as merus, distal margin with two setae and four spines; propodus 1.5 times longer than carpus, 3.3 times longer than wide, dorsal margin with three subdistal setae and one small subdistal spinule, ventral margin with two strong subdistal spines; dactylus curved, with distal setules, unguis sharp. Pereopod-5 (Fig. 5C) very similar to pereopod-4. Pereopod-6 (Fig. 5D) very similar to pereopods 4 and 5 but slightly longer, basis longer and thinner, almost four times longer than wide, with one long ventral seta, propodus slightly curved. Pleopod-1 (Fig. 5E, figure and description based on NMNS 8288-03) peduncle naked; exopod outer margin with one proximal short circumplumose seta, outer to distal margin with twelve plumose setae; endopod outer margin with one proximal short circumplumose seta, outer to distal margin with ten plumose setae, inner margin with one medial circumplumose seta. Uropod (Fig. 5F) peduncle robust, distal margin with a pair of inner setae and a pair of long ventral setae; exopod two-articled, article-1 with one long distal seta, article-2 with two very long distal setae; endopod five-articled, article-1 and 2 distal margin with one seta and a pair of inner pear-shaped spines, article-3 longest, with two distal setae and two broom setae, article-4 with one distal seta, article-5 with two very long distal setae, two shorter distal setae and one distal broom seta. Variation. Almost all males have a low and blunt middle apophysis on incisive margin of fixed finger of cheliped. However, two male paratypes (NMNS 8288-04 and NMNS 8288-05) have a subtriangular middle denticle on incisive margin of fixed finger of cheliped (Fig. 4E). Except for the cheliped fixed finger, the characteristics of these two paratypes are almost identical to the allotype, with minor differences in some setae on cheliped and pereopods. Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin “ setosa ” (hairy), referring to the numerous long setae on the male uropod. Type locality. Jihuei, Taitung County, eastern Taiwan. Distribution. It is only known from Shitiping, Jialulan and Jihuei, eastern Taiwan. Remarks. The two members of Paraleptochelia, P. gadgeti (West Australia) and P. magnispina (East Tanzania), are from the Indian Ocean, whereas the present species, P. setosa sp. nov., is the first species in the genus reported outside of this region. Of the three species, P. gadgeti is readily distinguished by having a longer and more slender body (ten times longer than wide, comparing to seven in P. magnispina and six in P. setosa), longer antennule and cheliped, and a unique trapezoidal apophysis on the fixed finger of the male cheliped (Edgar 2012). Morphologically, the present species is somewhat more similar to P. magnispina, especially in male habitus and cheliped. However, P. setosa differs from the latter species by having: 1) a less slender body in both sexes; 2) the male antennule flagellum having five articles, compared to six in P. magnispina; 3) the male antenna article-2 lacks a ventral spine; 4) the female maxilliped endite inner margin has two coupling hooks (versus absent in P. magnispina); 5) the cheliped fixed finger has one subtriangular middle denticle on the incisive margin in some male individuals; 6) the female pereopods 4–6 carpus has four distal spines (versus three in P. magnispina); 7) the female pereopod-6 ischium has two ventral setae (versus one in P. magnispina); 8) the uropod exopod and endopod have two and five articles, respectively, in both sexes (versus one and four in P. magnispina, respectively) (Guţu 2016; Table 1).Published as part of Tzeng, You-Wei & Hsueh, Pan-Wen, 2021, Additions of new species to the Paratanaoidea (Crustacea, Tanaidacea) of Taiwan, pp. 131-148 in Zootaxa 4949 (1) on pages 133-136, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4949.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/463601
Use of otolith microchemistry to investigate the environmental history of European eel Anguilla anguilla.
No full textMes de la fotografía: Tzeng - Chin Fa
No full textEl Mes de la fotografía compartirá en esta edición las obras de cinco reconocidos fotógrafos de Taiwán que serán expuestas en el emblemático pasaje Santa Rosa a pocos metros de la Plaza Mayor de Lima. La carrera de Comunicación y Fotografía de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) con el apoyo de la Oficina Económica y Cultural de Taipéi en Lima y el Programa Spotlight Taiwán del Ministerio de Cultura de Taiwán compartirán a la sociedad peruana el trabajo fotográfico de Annie Hsiao-Ching Wang, Yehlin Lee, Shen Chao-Liang, Ze Wei y Tzen Chin-Fa
A 2 h periodic variation in the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1
No full textSpectroscopy of the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1 using the Gran Telescopio Canarias have revealed a ?2 h periodic variability that is present in the three strongest emission lines. We tentatively interpret this variability as due to orbital motion, making it the first indication of the orbital period of Ser X-1. Together with the fact that the emission lines are remarkably narrow, but still resolved, we show that a main-sequence K dwarf together with a canonical 1.4 M? neutron star gives a good description of the system. In this scenario, the most likely place for the emission lines to arise is the accretion disc, instead of a localized region in the binary (such as the irradiated surface or the stream-impact point), and their narrowness is due instead to the low inclination (?10°) of Ser X-1
Tanais nuwalianensis Tzeng & Hsueh, 2014, sp. nov.
No full textTanais nuwalianensis sp. nov. (Figs 4–6, Table 2) Material examined. Holotype, non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7214 - 5), 4.3 mm, Jihuei (23 °06’ 54.9 ”N, 121 ° 24 ’ 16.3 ”E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from red coralline alga Jania sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, April 18, 2012; allotype, male (NMNAS 7214 - 6), 3.2 mm, same as type locality, from Eunice sp. polychaetous worm tube washing, collected by You-Wei Tzeng, March 25, 2011; paratype: one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7214 - 7), 4.2 mm, same as type locality, from red coralline alga Mastophora sp. washing, collected by You- Wei Tzeng, April 18, 2012. Diagnosis. Female: Antennule five-articled (three main articles and two short distal segments) with six distal aesthetascs; antenna eight-articled (five main articles and three short distal segments). Left mandible lacinia mobilis tooth-like, superior margin with three low serrations; right mandible lacinia mobilis small, peg-like. Pereopod 6 propodus with seven leaf-like setae, four bipinnate setae and two elongate pinnate setae on distal margin. Pleopod basis bears one to three setae on inner margin; uropod ‘four-articled’ (three segments and peduncle). Description. Holotype (Fig 4 A): Body seven times as long as wide. Cephalothorax subtriangular, posterolateral margin rounded, about 1 / 5 of body length, pereonite 1 shortest, pereonite 4 and 5 longest. Pleon about 1 / 4 of body length; pleonites 1 and 2 subequal in length, a dorsal transverse row of plumose setae present near posterior margin; pleonite 4 distinctly smaller than other three; pleonite 5 fused; pleotelson apex protruding. Antennule (Fig 4 C) five-articled, slightly shorter than cephalothorax; article 1 about 1 / 2 of total length of antennules, with two short lateral bipinnate setae, three distal bipinnate seta, and three distal simple setae; article 2 slightly longer than article 3, with ten distal setae; article 3 with two distal setae; articles 4 and 5 very short, scattered with nine simple setae and five aesthetascs. Antenna (Fig 4 D) eight-articled; article 2 with two distal setae, much larger than article 3; article 3 short, with one short distal bipinnate seta; articles 4 and 5 more slender than article 3, combined 1 / 2 total length of antenna, with three and five distal setae, respectively; article 6 to 8 small, with four and seven distal setae respectively. Labrum (Fig 4 E) hood-shaped covered by fine setules. Epignath (Fig 5 B) typical, margins covered with fine setules. Labium (Fig 4 F) bi-lobed, outer lobes as long as inner, superior margin of both covered by fine setules, outer lobe with ovate process (non-articulated palp). Left mandible (Fig 4 G) distolateral margin with a distinct concavity, lacinia mobilis (Fig 4 H) tooth-like with three serrations on superior margin and one adjacent plumose setae. Right mandible (Fig 4 I) likewise, lacinia mobilis (Fig 4 J) peg-like and minute, accompanied by one minute plumose seta. Maxillule (Fig 5 A) endite with seven distal spines and fine setules, superior margin with small denticles; palp with seven long setae. Maxilliped (Fig 5 C–D) coxa with one inferior seta; basis with two lateral setae, and three long and one short distal setae; endites (Fig 5 D) distal margin covered by fine setulae, with two simple distal setae and two distomedial hooks; palp (Fig 5 C) article 1 with one lateral seta; article 2 with six medial setae, one distolateral seta; article 3 with eight medial setae; article 4 with one dorsal seta and twelve distal bipinnate setae. Cheliped (Fig 5 E) attached to cephalothorax via sclerite, with triangular insertion to basis, with one superior seta; basis 1.4 times ltb, with one inferodistal seta; merus triangular, with three inferior setae; carpus 1.35 times ltb, five superior and four inferior setae; propodus including fixed finger 1.4 times as long as carpus, fixed finger about 1 / 2 propodus length, five inferior setae, inner margin with large blunt process and 11 setae, two inner margin setae near articulation with dactylus; dactylus slightly longer than fixed finger; both fixed finger distal and dactylus unguis heavily calcified. Pereopod 1 (Fig 5 F) longest; coxa with two setae, anterior not bulged; basis 3.4 ltb, with four superior setae; merus about 1 / 3 length of basis, with one superodistal seta, one lateral seta, and two inferodistal setae; carpus 40 % length of basis, with three superior setae and one inferodistal seta; propodus 3.4 ltb, with two superodistal setae and five inferodistal setae; dactylus slightly curved, with one superior seta, unguis half length of dactylus. Pereopod 2 (Fig 5 G) coxa with two setae; basis 2.8 ltb, with five superior setae and two inferodistal setae; merus about 40 % length of basis, with one superodistal seta, two inferior setae, one long inferodistal seta, and two inferodistal spines; carpus with one long superodistal seta; distal margin with six and five spines on outer and inner side respectively; propodus with one superior bipinnate seta, two superodistal setae, one inferior seta, one inferodistal seta, and one row of tiny spinules on inferior margins; dactylus unguis more curved than pereopod 1 dactylus. Pereopod 3 (Fig 6 A) similar to pereopod 2 but basis with one inferoproximal seta, superior margin with only three seta, merus inferior margin with four tiny spinules, carpus distal margin with seven outer spines and six inner spines, and propodus with two simple superior setae and three inferior setae. Pereopod 4 (Fig 6 B–C) basis with one row of inferoproximal setulae and one inferodistal seta; merus ventral margin with one row of tiny spinules and two setae, one long inferodistal seta and two inferodistal spines; carpus superior margin with one seta, distal margin with six spines on each side and several row of setulae nearby (see Fig 6 G); propodus superodistal margin with two strong long pinnate seta and one bipinnate seta, inferior margin with two setae and two distal setae, dactylus and unguis fused to a claw with one row of setules on either side. Pereopod 5 (Fig 6 D–E) similar to pereopod 4 but basis inferior margin with one bipinnate seta and two simple setae, merus inferior margin with two setae, distal with three spines. Pereopod 6 (Fig 6 F–H) similar to pereopod 5 but basis superior margin with two setae and inferior margin with one seta, merus with one inferior setae and four inferodistal spines, carpus distal margin with six and five spines on outer and inner side respectively, propodus distal margin with one row of six and one smaller leaflike setae, four bipinnate setae and two elongate pinnate seta. Pleopod 1 (not figured) basis inner margin with three setae, outer margin with 11 setae; endopod inner margin with 17 setae, outer margin with 19 setae and one distal seta; exopod inner margin no seta, outer margin with 42 setae. Pleopod 2 (not figured) similar to pleopod 1, but basis inner margin with two setae and endopod inner margin with 15 setae instead. Pleopod 3 (Fig 6 I) basis inner margin with one setae, outer margin seven setae; endopod inner margin with 12 setae, outer margin with 21 setae and one distal seta; exopod inner margin no seta, outer margin with 39 setae, all plumose setae. Uropod (Fig 6 J) peduncle 2.1 ltb, with four distal setae; endopod threesegmented; segment 2 with four distal simple setae and one bipinnate seta; segment 3 with eight distal simple setae and two bipinnate setae. Male paratype (Fig 4 B): Similar to female except body more robust, about 3.5 times ltb; cephalothorax about 1 / 4 of body length; antennule with nine distal aesthetascs; cheliped merus inferior margin with seven setae; pereopod 2 carpus with seven outer spines and six inner spines, pereopod 3 carpus with seven on each side, pereopod 4 carpus with eight outer spines and seven inner spines, pereopod 5 carpus with seven outer spines and six inner spines, pereopod 6 carpus with seven outer spines and six inner spines, propodus distal margin with one row of ten leaf-like setae, four plumose setae and one elongate simple seta. Etymology. The name is derived from “Nuwalian”, the local Amis aboriginal language for the location of the sampling site, meaning “the most eastern point”. Type locality. Jihuei, eastern Taiwan. Distribution. It is only known from type locality. Remarks. In appearance, the colour patterns of female T. nuwalianensis are not much different from that of congeners (e.g., Shiino 1951; Bamber & Bird 1997; present study). The present species most closely resembles to Tanis tinhauae Bamber & Bird, 1997, a species described from Hong Kong. Both species have a five-articled antennule, eight-articled antenna, four-articled uropod, similar shapes of labium outer lobes. Nevertheless, T. nuwalianensis can be distinguished from T. tinhauae by two distomedial hooks on distal margin of maxilliped endite, fewer carpal spines on pereopod 2–6, fewer leaf-like setae on the superior margin of pereopod 6, and fewer inner setae of the pleopod basis ( Bamber & Bird 1997: 107, 109, Figs 2 B, 3 B–G; present study: Fig 6 A–I, Table 2).Published as part of Tzeng, You-Wei & Hsueh, Pan-Wen, 2014, Two new species of Tanaidacea (Crustacea, Peracarida) from Taiwan, pp. 51-64 in Zootaxa 3802 (1) on pages 58-59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/28611
MASS-ANALYZED THRESHOLD IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY OF P-CHLOROANISOLE
No full textWe applied the two-color resonant two-photon photoionization efficiency and mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectroscopic techniques to record the cation spectra of p-chloroanisole. In particular, several vibronic states were used as the intermediate levels to record the MATI spectra to investigate whether a significant change in molecular geometry upon ionization and to obtain more information about the active cation vibrations. The adiabatic ionization energy of this molecule has been precisely measured to be 66 100 5 cm-1. These experimental data suggest that the molecular geometry of p-chloroanisole in the cationic ground D0 state resembles that in the electronically excited neutral S1 state. Most of the observed distinct MATI bands result from the active vibrations involving in-plane ring deformation of the p-chloroanisole cation
Aparatanais lenoprimorum Tzeng & Hsueh, 2014, sp. nov.
No full textAparatanais lenoprimorum sp. nov. (Figs 1–3, Table 1) Material examined. Holotype (NMNS 7214 - 1), non-ovigerous female, 3.85 mm, Shitiping (23 ° 28 ’N, 121 ° 30 ’E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from green alga Halimeda sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, March 25, 2011; paratypes: one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7214 - 2), 2.54 mm, Jihuei (23 °06’ 54.9 ”N, 121 ° 24 ’ 16.3 ”E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from polychaetous worm tube of Eunice sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, August 8, 2010; one specimen one manca-III (NMNS 7214 - 3), 1.39 mm, Shitiping (23 ° 28 ’ 57.4 ”N, 121 ° 30 ’ 46.9 ”E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, washing from brown alga Sargassum sp., collected by You-Wei Tzeng, August 8, 2010; one non-ovigerous female (NMNS 7214 - 4), 3.08 mm, Jihuei (23 °06’ 54.9 ”N, 121 ° 24 ’ 16.3 ”E), eastern Taiwan, intertidal, October 17, 2009. Diagnosis. Female: Cephalothorax with carapace divided into plates. Pleonites 1–4 epimera with one plumose seta. Left mandible lacinia mobilis without crenulations, right mandible incisor superior margin smooth. Maxilliped palp article 2 modified spine with four denticles. Cheliped palms without various spines, fixed finger with three setae on incisive margin. Description. Holotype (Fig 1 A): body long cylindrical, with length/width ratio about 6.6. Cephalothorax about 1 / 5 of body length, as long as broad, with two well separated eye-lobes, carapace divided into four plates. Pereon with all pereonites shorter than broad, pereonites 2 and 4 longest, interpereonites extended; pleon about 1 / 5 of body length, pleonites 1–4 each with one plumose seta laterally; pleotelson semicircular. Antennule (Fig 1 C) about 3 / 5 of cephalothorax length, four-articled plus one terminal cap-like segment; article 1 40 % of total length of antennule, with four lateral setae and one distal seta; article 2 short, about 40 % length of article 1, distal margin with two simple setae and three short bipinnate setae; article 3 shorter than article 2, with one distal seta; article 4 as long as article 2 and article 3 combined; cap-like segment with five setae. Antenna (Fig 1 D) six-articled (i.e. five articles plus one terminal cap-like segment); article 2 three times longer than article 3, with one superodistal seta, superior margin setulated; article 3 superior spine acute; article 4 1.3 times as long as article 3; article 5 as long as article 3, with two distal setae; cap-like segment with five long setae. Labrum (Fig 1 E) hood-shaped covered with fine setules. Labium (Fig 1 F) bi-lobed, outer lobes much reduced, superior margin of these and inner lobes finely setules. Mandibles (Fig 1 G–H) pars molaris well developed; lacinia mobilis superior margin not crenulated; right incisor pointed, superior margin smooth. Maxillule endites (Fig 1 I) with six long spines and one short spine distally, fine setules on outer margin; palps (Fig 1 J) with two distal long setae. Maxilliped endites (Fig 2 A) distal margin with three longitudinal rows of setules, two rounded tubercles, and one medial long seta, distolateral margin with about ten denticles; palp (Fig 2 B–D) article 1 without seta, article 2 with two simple setae and one large spine with four serrations, article 3 with three long bipinnate setae and one short bipinnate seta; article 4 with three long bipinnate setae, one long simple seta, one short simple seta, and several proximal setules. Cheliped (Fig 2 E) attached to cephalothorax via sclerite, with triangular insertion to basis, basis typical, with one distodorsal seta; merus with one inferior seta; carpus stout, 1.2 times ltb (longer than broad), with two superior setae; propodus including fixed finger 0.8 times as long as carpus, kukri-shaped spine absent, inferior margin with two setae, without medial spine, fixed finger incisive margin with large blunt distal process and three setae; dactylus stout, with one medial peg-like spine, unguis heavily calcified. Pereopod 1 (Fig 2 F) basis long and slender, 5.7 times ltb, naked; ischium very short, 0.75 times ltb, with one inferodistal seta; merus elongated, 3.0 times ltb, naked; carpus 2.5 times ltb, with three distal setae; propodus 1.5 times as long as carpus, 3.6 times ltb, with three distal setae and one small superodistal denticle; dactylus and unguis combined 0.8 times as long as propodus. Pereopod 2 (Fig 2 G) shorter than pereopod 1; coxa with one simple seta; basis stout, 2.2 times ltb; ischium very short and unremarkable, with one inferior seta; merus with one inferodistal spine; carpus as long as merus, with one large superodistal spine and two smaller inferodistal spines; propodus shorter than merus and carpus combined, with three distal setae and one small superodistal denticle. Pereopod 3 (Fig 3 A) similar to pereopod 2 except basis more slender, 4.0 times ltb. Pereopod 4 (Fig 3 B) the shortest, 90 % length of pereopod 5 and 85 % length of pereopod 6; basis stout, 2.0 times ltb, with one inferior seta and two inferodistal setae; merus with two inferodistal non-serrated spines, inferior margin with one row of fine setules; carpus with one large superodistal spine and three smaller inferodistal spines, inferior margin with two rows of setules; propodus with one long superodistal seta, one dorsal plumose seta and two inferodistal spines, inferior margin with one row of fine setules; dactylus and unguis fused to claw. Pereopod 5 (Fig 3 C) similar to pereopod 4 but basis inferior margin with two bipinnate setae, one simple seta and two inferodistal setae. Pereopod 6 (Fig 3 D) similar to pereopod 4 but basis with one superior seta, one inferior seta and one inferodistal seta, propodus with three long superodistal strong pinnate setae. Pleopod (Fig 3 E) basis naked; exopod with 22 plumose setae on outer margin; endopod inner margin setulate with one plumose seta, outer margin with 17 plumose setae. Uropod (Fig 3 F) short; peduncle as long as broad; exopod one-segmented, just over 1 / 2 of endopod length, with two distal setae; endopod two-segmented, as long as peduncle, segment- 1 with one distal seta, segment- 2 with six distal setae and two short bipinnate setae on lateral margin. Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin “ lenis ” (smooth) and “ primorum ” (incisor), implying the presence of smooth superior margin on right incisor of the species. Type locality. Shitiping, eastern Taiwan. Distribution. It is only known from Shitiping and Jihuei, eastern Taiwan. Remarks. Of six described species, the present species most closely resembles Aparatanais denticulatus (Gutu & Ramos, 1995), recorded from Columbia, South America. Both species have the carapace divided into four plates and the lack of kukri-shaped sinuate spine on palm of chelipeds (Table 1). Yet, they are distinguishable by several morphological characters. First, Aparatanais lenoprimorum lacks any serration on the left mandible lacinia mobilis, in contrast to 5 serrations on that of A. denticulatus. Second, the former species has non-crenulated right mandible incisor and four plumose setae on pleon epimerons, whereas the latter species has crenulations on right mandible incisor and four simple setae on pleon epimerons. Finally, the former species has serrated spines on the second article of the maxilliped palp, but the latter species possesses denticulated spines on the same mouth part (Gutu & Ramos, 1995: Figs 6 A, E–F, 7 A–C; present study: Figs 1 A–B, G–H, 2 B–E, Table 1). Bird and Bamber (2013) commented that the primary morphological character for the genus Aparatanais is the presence of the heavy serrate spine on the maxilliped palp article 2, and other supporting characters (i.e., small maxilliped endite tubercles, a kukri-shaped cheliped palm spine, a long pereopod 1 merus, a relatively narrow pereopod 3 propodus, and short uropods) are not necessarily present simultaneously in all the taxa of the genus. On the same token, the lack of crenulations on right mandible incisor of the present species may be considered as an exemption from the generic diagnosis. A. lenoprimorum A. denticulatus A. intermedius A. malignus A. spinanotandus A. timutimu A. vicentetis body robust, 2.54 mm; robust, 4.2 mm robust, 2.16 mm robust, 3.1 mm robust, 3 mm fairly slender, robust, 3.5 mm fairly slender, 3.85 mm 2.3–5.8 mm carapace plated plated not plated not plated plated not plated not plated mandible not serrated 5 serrations 5 serrations 4 serrations 5 serrations? 2 serrations lacinia mobilis mandible pointed, not crenulate pointed, crenulate? obtuse, crenulate, pointed, crenulate pointed, crenulate pointed, crenulate incisor bifid maxillule 7 7? 7 9 atleast 7 7 apical spines kukri-shaped absent absent absent present present present present cheliped palm spine pleon 4 plumose 4 simple absent 4 plumose absent 4 plumose 4 plumose epimeral setaePublished as part of Tzeng, You-Wei & Hsueh, Pan-Wen, 2014, Two new species of Tanaidacea (Crustacea, Peracarida) from Taiwan, pp. 51-64 in Zootaxa 3802 (1) on pages 52-57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/28611
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