68 research outputs found
Interprofessional Education Implementation in Occupational Therapy and the Health Sciences
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 3/31/2017
Integration of interprofessional education (IPE) at the student level is necessary to ensure an understanding of integrated health care. This study assessed IPE programming in occupational therapy education. IPE programming should focus on immersion in direct experiences, and faculty should receive more support from academic institutions.
Primary Author and Speaker: Dominique Lemire-Ross
Additional Authors and Speakers: Rebecca Hewit Pickel, Terri Bugelholl
Contributing Authors: Leamor Kahanov, Elaina DaLomba</jats:p
Comparative BAC-based mapping in the white-throated sparrow, a novel behavioral genomics model, using interspecies overgo hybridization
No full textBACKGROUND
The genomics era has produced an arsenal of resources from sequenced organisms allowing researchers to target species that do not have comparable mapping and sequence information. These new "non-model" organisms offer unique opportunities to examine environmental effects on genomic patterns and processes. Here we use comparative mapping as a first step in characterizing the genome organization of a novel animal model, the white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis), which occurs as white or tan morphs that exhibit alternative behaviors and physiology. Morph is determined by the presence or absence of a complex chromosomal rearrangement. This species is an ideal model for behavioral genomics because the association between genotype and phenotype is absolute, making it possible to identify the genomic bases of phenotypic variation.
FINDINGS
We initiated a genomic study in this species by characterizing the white-throated sparrow BAC library via filter hybridization with overgo probes designed for the chicken, turkey, and zebra finch. Cross-species hybridization resulted in 640 positive sparrow BACs assigned to 77 chicken loci across almost all macro-and microchromosomes, with a focus on the chromosomes associated with morph. Out of 216 overgos, 36% of the probes hybridized successfully, with an average number of 3.0 positive sparrow BACs per overgo.
CONCLUSIONS
These data will be utilized for determining chromosomal architecture and for fine-scale mapping of candidate genes associated with phenotypic differences. Our research confirms the utility of interspecies hybridization for developing comparative maps in other non-model organisms
Alternative reproductive strategies in the white-throated sparrow : Behavioral and genetic evidence
No full textData for: Atypical singing is associated with developmental stress and zero fitness in a male white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis)
No full text<p>Here we provide data for a manuscript in which we describe the atypical song of a male white-throated sparrow (<em>Zonotrichia albicollis</em>). We observed this male over multiple breeding seasons at our Cranberry Lake study site (Adirondack Mountains; New York; 44.15N, 74.78W). We recorded the male singing, and also made observations regarding his failure to obtain reproductive success. In addition, as the male was banded as a nestling, we were able to compare his morphometric measurements at the time to the population average. Our observations of this unique individual support a connection between developmental stress, atypical song, and fitness outcomes.</p>
Feasibility and acceptability of web-based coaching in dialectical behavior therapy for youth school refusal
No full textSchool refusal (SR) affects a substantial proportion of youth and is associated with a number of negative outcomes if left untreated. Research on treatments for SR suggests existing treatments are relatively effective, but there are a number of ways in which the efficacy of such treatments could be enhanced. Videoconferencing technology may enhance SR treatment while minimizing the additional burden on families seeking treatment. In a novel adaptation of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for youth with SR, videoconferencing was used to provide Web-Based Coaching (WBC) on school mornings. Establishing the feasibility and acceptability of WBC is an important step in the development of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Youth School Refusal (DBT-SR). The focus of the current study was assessing the feasibility and acceptability of WBC as used in an open trial of DBT-SR. Therapists, youth, and parents completed questionnaires throughout treatment about the feasibility (e.g., ease of set up) and acceptability (e.g., utility, privacy concerns) of WBC. To assess the therapeutic functions WBC may serve, participants responded to open-ended questions inquiring about the ways WBC was helpful. Results showed that parents and therapists gave generally high ratings of feasibility and acceptability, demonstrating that WBC can be feasibly and acceptably implemented. Responses suggest that WBC may help families generalize therapy skills, help youth regulate sleep or routines, allow therapists to give real-time support, and give therapists ecologically valid assessment. Youth gave lower responses, and possible reasons for this are discussed. Recommendations are provided for future development of WBC. Future studies must examine WBC with a larger sample, use community clinicians, and incorporate objective data.Psy.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Elaina Ashmead Zendegu
Sperm Collecting and Counting Protocol
No full textProtocol for collecting sperm from songbirds, as well as for counting sperm samples. Also includes data sheet
Behavioral genomics in the white-throated sparrow
No full textMost behavioral traits are complex and are the product of interactions between multiple genes and/or environments. Therefore, ideal models in which to examine the relative roles of genetic effects should have, 1) variation in behavioral phenotypes, 2) the potential to identify the genetic bases of these behavioral traits, 3) an obvious association between phenotype and genotype, 4) the potential to identify relevant environmental conditions contributing to the establishment of behavioral phenotypes so that partitioning of gene-by-environment effects is possible, and 5) a strong understanding of the evolutionary forces influencing the system. Given these desires, an unexpected new animal model emerges for the study of behavioral genomics – morphs of the white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) exhibit alternative strategies of monogamy/high parental effort vs. promiscuity/low parental effort. These behaviors are absolutely correlated with the presence or absence of a large chromosomal rearrangement. We have amassed 22+ years of detailed behavioral, physiological, ecological, and evolutionary data on this species making it possible to identify the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental bases of behavior. Here we further outline the utility of the species, as well as present current cytogenetic and molecular data showing that rearrangements and linkage in multiple chromosomes are key to the evolution of alternative phenotypes. In addition, comparative analyses among the Zonotrichia suggest an interesting and slightly counterintuitive evolutionary pathway in this group. Genomic studies in the white-throated sparrow will identify the gene(s) associated with complex behaviors, as well as provide us with information on how environment interacts with genetic architecture to affect aggressive, social, sexual, and parental phenotypes. Morphs of the sparrow provide us with a unique opportunity to study intraspecific genomic differences, which have resulted from two separate, yet linked evolutionary trajectories. Such results can transform our understanding of the evolution of genomes
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