46 research outputs found
SOME PROPERTIES OF TURKISH SWEETGUM BALSAM (STYRAX LIQUIDUS) IMPREGNATED ORIENTAL BEECH WOOD PART II: DECAY RESISTANCE, MECHANICAL, AND THERMAL PROPERTIES
No full textDEGIRMENTEPE, Selim/0000-0002-3686-4551; deveci, ilyas/0000-0002-2753-2301; Turkoglu, Turkay/0000-0003-2011-0410WOS: 000361016200007This study was designed to investigate decay resistance, some mechanical properties such as modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of eleasticity (MOE), compressison strength parallel to grain (CSPG) and thermal characteristics of Oriental beech wood impregnated with Turkish Sweetgum Balsam (TSB). Wood specimens were impregnated with 2, 4, and 6 percent ethanol solutions of TSB according to ASTM D1413, 2007 standard before tests. Our results showed that TSB impregnation improved the level of decay resistance of Oriental beech wood considerably. MOR, MOE and CSPG values were lower than that of the untreated control specimen. Moreover, higher concentration levels of TSB resulted in lower MOR, MOE, and CSPG values of Oriental beech wood. The highest residual char yield was obtained with 2 % TSB impregnated Oriental beech wood after thermal test.Mugla Sitki Kocman UniversityMugla Sitki Kocman University [MSKU-BAP-13-47]This study was made use of M.Sc. Thesis by Selim Degirmentepe in the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla. Also, this study was financially supported by Mugla Sitki Kocman University "Scientific Research Projects Fund" through a research project (Project No: MSKU-BAP-13-47). The authors are grateful for the financial support from Mugla Sitki Kocman University "Scientific Research Projects Fund". The design and development of study was proposed and supervised by Ergun Baysal. Ilyas Deveci contributed to carry out thermal analysis. Data analysis and manuscript drafting was performed by Turkay Turkoglu and Hilmi Toker, and Ergun Baysal modified the draft
SOME MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AD-KD 5 IMPREGNATED AND THERMALLY MODIFIED SCOTS PINE WOOD
No full textDEGIRMENTEPE, Selim/0000-0002-3686-4551; Turkoglu, Turkay/0000-0003-2011-0410WOS: 000337934300007The purpose of this study is to determine some mechanical properties such as modulus of rupture (MOR) and some physical properties such as glossiness, color, surface roughness, and water absorption (WA) of adolit-KD 5 (AD-KD 5) impregnated and then heat treated of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood specimens. Heat treatment of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood was carried out by hot air in an oven for 2, 4, and 8 h at 150 and 175 C. Before the heat treatments, wood specimens were impregnated with 3% aqueous solution of AD-KD 5 which is a copper based chemical according to ASTM D 413-76. While MOR, glossiness, and colors of wood specimens impregnated with AD KD 5 were lower than that of the un-impregnated control specimen, WA of Scots pine impregnated with AD KD 5 was higher than that of the un-impregnated control specimen before heat treatments. Also, AD KD 5 impregnation caused an increase in surface roughness of Scots pine before the heat treatments. Results showed that oven heat-treated wood became darker in tone.While, a* coordinate (red component) increased as temperature increased, b* coordinate decreased at temperatures tested. As a result of heat treatment, a decrease was observed in MOR, WA, glossiness, and surface roughness of Scots pine wood specimens. Moreover, increasing treatment temperature and duration, resulted in decreasing values of MOR, WA, glossiness, and surface roughness
ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A FOREST RECREATION AREA: AN EXAMPLE FROM ISTANBUL, TURKEY
No full textTurkoglu, Turkay/0000-0003-2011-0410; Bekiroglu/0000-0002-9883-0250WOS: 000363072300009Forest recreation areas play an important role in urban sustainability. These areas should essentially provide viable and continuous urban recreation experiences for the residents. Accordingly, recreational assessments of these areas have to be performed, supplying the necessary data to the public administrators to make right decisions. Statistical analysis techniques taking more inexpensive and readily available data should be employed in recreational value assessments. In this study, modern statistical analysis methods using time series type of data have been applied for the value estimations of recreational areas in one of the most crowded cities of the world, Istanbul. The exploited time series consists of social, economic and ecological variables for the period between 1970 and 2008. As for the statistical analysis methods, Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test, Engle-Granger Two-Step Co-integration test and analysis techniques have been employed. According to the results of the studies to determine the recreational value, it has been shown that the selected econometric analysis techniques using time series data can be successfully employed provided that a number of issues such as stationarity and spurious regression must be resolved with the help of additional and supplementary scientific studies
Radiation properties of Turkish light source facility TURKAY
No full textThe synchrotron light source TURKAY, which is one of the sub-project of Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC), has been supported by Ministry of Development of Turkey since 2006. The facility is designed to generate synchrotron radiation (SR) in range 0.01-60 keV from a 3 GeV storage ring with a beam emittance of 0.51 nm rad. Synchrotron radiation will be produced from the bending magnets and insertion devices in the storage ring. In this paper design studies for possible devices to produce synchrotron radiation and radiation properties of these devices with TURKAY storage ring parameters are presented. (C) 2015 Elsevier EN. All rights reservedTurkish Republic Ministry of Development [DPT2006K120470]The author would like to thanks to Helmut Wiedemann and Recep Zan. This work was supported by Turkish Republic Ministry of Development with Grant no. DPT2006K120470
THE EFFECT OF BORON COMPOUNDS IMPREGNATION ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD POLYMER COMPOSITES
No full textTurkoglu, Turkay/0000-0003-2011-0410WOS: 000364801500004Wood polymer composites were prepared by styrene (ST) and different boron compounds impregnated sapwood of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) Boric acid (BA), borax (BX) and their mixture (1:1; w/w) aqueous solutions at 0.25, 1.00, and 4.70 % concentrations were prepared and then impregnated into wood prior to styrene treatment. The effects of borates pretreatments on the physical and mechanical properties of composites were evaluated. Results showed that styrene considerably improved physical properties of wood such as enhanced color, oven dry density and reduced water absorption (WA) level of wood. The polymerization of styrene and the presence of polystyrene in the wood structure were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. It can be seen that the WA values of wood samples with boron pre-impregnated WPCs were increased slightly when compared with only styrene treated wood samples, but still they have lower values than that of the untreated wood. It was also found that the styrene treated wood samples showed better mechanical properties such as higher modulus of rupture (MOR) and compression strength parallel to grain (CSPG). The MOR and CSPG levels of WPCs pre-impregnated with borates were decreased to some extent, but still they exhibit higher the MOR and CSPG values when compared with the untreated wood.Mugla Sitki Kocman UniversityMugla Sitki Kocman UniversityThis study was made as part of M.Sc. Thesis by Mehmet Gecer in the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla. Also, this study is financially supported by Mugla Sitki Kocman University "Scientific Research Projects Fund" through a research project. The authors are grateful for the financial support from Mugla Sitki Kocman University "Scientific Research Projects Fund"
Effect of Stocking Rate on Forage Availability and Growth Performance of Goat Kids in Mediterranean Kermes Oak Shrublands
No full textBekiroglu/0000-0002-9883-0250WOS: 000408504400029This study aims to investigate the effect of stocking rate on forage availability (vegetation cover (VC) and forage mass (FM)) and the growth performance of pure hair goat kids (Capra hircus L.) in Mediterranean Kermes oak shrublands. Two villages that had the same ecological conditions but where the presence of pure hair goats did or did not exceed the grazing capacity were selected specifically within this scope. The birth weight (BW) and the daily live weight gain at 90 days (DLWG at 90 days) of pure hair goat kids in these villages were identified and compared in order to monitor their growth. As a result, there is a very strong positive correlation between the growth performance of goat kids, and VC and FM in these villages (P<0.01). Results indicated that high stocking rate effect forage availability and this situation cause decrease in the growth performance of goat kids. It was concluded that forage availability and stocking rate in grazing plans are points to consider providing sustainable goat farming
Volumetric Spot Noise for Procedural 3D Shell Texture Synthesis
No full textIn this paper, we present an extension of the Locally Controlled Spot Noise and a visualization pipeline for volumetric fuzzy details synthesis. We extend the noise model to author volumetric fuzzy details using filtered 3D quadratic kernel functions convolved with a projective non-uniform 2D distribution of impulses. We propose a new method based on order independent splatting to compute a fast view dependent approximation of shell noise at interactive rates. Our method outperforms ray marching techniques and avoids aliasing artifacts, thus improving interactive content authoring feedback. Moreover, generated surface details share the same properties as procedural noise: they extend on potentially infinite surfaces, are defined in an extremely compact way, are non-repetitive, continuous (no discrete voxel-artifacts when zooming) and independent of the definition of the underlying surface (no surface parameterization is required).Computer Graphics and Visual Computing (CGVC)Image Based and Lighthing Technique
Thermal degradation of oriental beech wood impregnated with different inorganic salts
No full textThis study investigated the thermal properties of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis) treated with (NH4)2HPO4, K2HPO4, NH4Cl and (NH4)2SO4 salts and their mixtures (1:1; w/w) aqueous solutions at 3% concentrations. The effects of different inorganic salts fire retardants on the thermal degradation characteristics of wood samples were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on the TGA curve for untreated beech wood, weight loss takes place at three distinct steps. The impregnation of inorganic salts resulted in higher char yields and additional thermal degradation steps were identified. The highest char yield (80%) was obtained from (NH4)2HPO4-K2HPO4 mixture impregnated sample. Salt mixtures containing phosphates ((NH4)2HPO4 and K2HPO4) have remarkable effects on thermal stability of beech wood, whereas NH4Cl salt lowered the decomposition temperatures and char yield.
THERMAL DEGRADATION OF ORIENTAL BEECH WOOD IMPREGNATED WITH DIFFERENT INORGANIC SALTS
No full textWOS: 000462992100003This study investigated the thermal properties of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis) treated with (NH4)(2) H-PO4, K-2 HPO4, NH4Cl and (NH4)(2)SO4 salts and their mixtures (1:1; w/w) aqueous solutions at 3% concentrations. The effects of different inorganic salts fire retardants on the thermal degradation characteristics of wood samples were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on the TGA curve for untreated beech wood, weight loss takes place at three distinct steps. The impregnation of inorganic salts resulted in higher char yields and additional thermal degradation steps were identified. The highest char yield (80%) was obtained from (NH4)(2)HPO4-K2HPO4 mixture impregnated sample. Salt mixtures containing phosphates ((NH4)(2)HPO4 and K2HPO4) have remarkable effects on thermal stability of beech wood, whereas NH4Cl salt lowered the decomposition temperatures and char yield
Thermal analysis of oriental beech sawdust treated with some commercial wood preservatives
No full textIn this study, investigation of the thermal properties of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis) sawdust treated with 0,25; 1 and 4,70% aqueous solutions of Adolit KD-5, Wolmanit CX- 8 and Tanalit-E were performed by using thermogravimetric analysis, differential-thermal analysis, and differential-thermal analysis under argon atmosphere. Results were compared with the untreated wood (control). It was found that the treatment with Adolit KD-5, Wolmanit CX- 8 and Tanalit-E decreased the Tmax (maximum degradation temperature) and increased residual char amount with respect to the control sample. Increases in the concentration of applied preservatives promote the char formation. It was found that the char content after pyrolysis experiment had good agreement with the boric acid amount in wood preservatives
