143,479 research outputs found
Creating a data collection for evaluating rich speech retrieval
No full textWe describe the development of a test collection for the investigation of speech retrieval beyond identification of relevant content. This collection focuses on satisfying user information needs for queries associated with specific types of speech acts. The collection is based on an archive of the Internet video from Internet video sharing platform (blip.tv), and was provided by the MediaEval benchmarking initiative. A crowdsourcing approach was used to identify segments in the video data which contain speech acts, to create a description of the video containing the act and to generate search queries designed to refind this speech act. We describe and reflect on our experiences with crowdsourcing this test collection using the Amazon Mechanical Turk platform. We highlight the challenges of constructing this dataset, including the selection of the data source, design of the crowdsouring task and the specification of queries and relevant items
Neuromechanical measurement of motor impairments in relation to upper limb activity limitations after stroke
No full textLoss of upper-limb function is a problem following stroke. Recent research has led to the emergence of new treatments but progress is hampered by lack of reliable objective measures of impairment, and understanding of the underlying impairment mechanisms associated with loss and recovery of functional activity. The aim of this research was to identify, using neuromechanical measurement methods, inter-relationships between motor impairments, and correlates of motor impairments with functional activity limitation in the upper limb of acute and chronic stroke survivors.An instrumented rig has been developed to measure impairments: muscle weakness, active range of movement, motor control accuracy in rhythmic and discrete tracking tasks, spasticity, coactivation, contracture and non-neural stiffness. In pilot studies, signal processing and data analysis techniques have been used to generate novel, clinically and physiologically relevant indices to quantify impairments. In a Main Study, 13 older impaired participants in the acute phase post-stroke, 13 in the chronic phase 14 age-matched unimpaired participants underwent rig assessments and performed a test of upper limb activity. A sub-group of impaired participants were tested on two days for test-retest reliability evaluation.Statistical tests have confirmed the validity of the impairments to distinguish between acute and chronic patients and unimpaired individuals, except coactivation during discrete movements and non-neural stiffness. Repeatability coefficients for the active test indices have been presented as benchmark values for use in future trials. The muscle activation indices showed lower repeatability which highlights the challenge of using these to measure change over time. The impairments that contributed to lower motor control accuracy were reduced extensor weakness, delayed extensor onset timing, coactivation and smaller extension AROM and PROM; coactivation was more strongly associated with motor control accuracy than with spasticity or stiffness.The most important contributors to functional activity in the acute group was extensor weakness, and in the chronic group was motor control accuracy and coactivation (rhythmic task). Contracture was important contributor in both groups, and was associated with weakness and loss of active range of movement rather than spasticity. The findings support the notion that rehabilitation strategies should focus on increasing muscle strength and prevention of contracture. However, assessment of more complex impairments like motor control accuracy and coactivation may be crucial to better target therapy, especially in the later phases post-stroke
Trade unions in Turkey : an analysis of their development, role and present situation
No full textThis thesis focuses on the trade union movement in Turkey with particular reference to the Turkish
confederation of trade unions (TURK-IS) and its members. Case studies were conducted in both TURKIS
and its member unions, widely, based on open-ended interviews with union officials, but also
involving the analysis of union's reports, documents and journals, the observation of workers education
seminars and visits to the state's institutions and employers' organisations. The main purposes of the
thesis have been to illustrate the changing nature, role and struggle of the Turkish unions in the context
of the changing economic, political and social structure of Turkey. It also focuses on the dominant
trends in trade unionism in a European context.
The study argues that an explicit and theorised understanding of internal and external pressure on the
trade union movements as they emerge in many countries, is of fundamental significance to the Turkish
trade unions. It is argued that the trend in the Turkish labour relations in the 1960s and 70s seemed to
be the co-operation of unions in the formulation of policies, related to national economic performance
and social stability in politics. In other words, unions were tolerated to provide both economic and
social stability at macro level and manageability and certainty at micro level in the light of the
industrialisation process.
In this context, Import Substitution Industrialisation (lSI) was the model of capital accumulation, which
required trade unions to become integrated within the new economic and political policies in order to
secure an economically and politically stable industrial relations framework. In this respect, the Turkish
unions played a mediating role between the state, employers and workers.
It is also argued that the changing system of capital accumulation (a move from lSI to "market
liberalism") in the 1980s has endangered the traditional institutional arrangements. The traditional role
of interest representation for unions, particularly as mediation between the ruling class and working
class, has become problematic. The decline of union power, due to changes in their environments, has
also weakened the value of central labour organisations as mediators between the state, employers and
workers. The anti-labour policies seems to have been the outcome of strategic interventions of the
governments and employers. In this context, particularly in the 1980s explicit reference to theoretical
frameworks have tended to increase in favour of "strategic choices" and "union identities".
The study argues that in the Turkish case, unions have not been faced with a complete policy of
exclusion. In other words, the material conditions of "integrative" "collaborative" or "corporatist"
policies have been reduced, however, they have not been completely eliminated. The reasons for this
might be that although the economic power of TURK-IS and its members was no longer so important
for the government, the political mediating role of unions became significant in the period of the 1980s,
which included the transition to democracy, the process of integration of Europe, the implementation of
austerity policies and the fear of the possible failure of the parliamentary regime.
I argue in the thesis that under the painful and complex process of economic and political
reconstruction and the development of democracy the Turkish trade unions have been faced with a
number of tactical and political options in the rapidly evolving the issue of European Integration and of
democracy and the increasing uniformity amongst member of TURK-IS. The Turkish case suggests that
trade unions can achieve a position of influence in industrial relations systems as long as they pursue
politically motivated strategies by setting a new agenda for members, articulating the broad long-term
interests of the working class and finally displaying collective responses and collective responsibility. In
this respect, it is argued that there is still a significant scope for a more active initiating and coordinating
role for central labour organisations and unions can pursue more comprehensive and tenable
trade union strategies
¿Monstruosos o disciplinados?: la representación de los militares en Matar a todos y Otra historia del mundo
No full textEl siguiente trabajo es parte de una investigación más amplia: “La superficialidad del mal: análisis de la representación de los militares en el cine uruguayo de ficción (2007-2018)” realizada en el marco del Trabajo final de grado de la Lic. en Comunicación de la Facultad de Información y Comunicación bajo la dirección del Prof. Adj. Luis Dufuur.El siguiente trabajo se expone el análisis de la representación de los militares en la ficción cinematográfica nacional a partir del ejemplo de dos films: Matar a todos (2007) de Esteban Schroeder y Otra historia del mundo (2017) de Guillermo Casanova. Dicha representación es entendida en una doble dimensión, tanto como la representación visual presente en el texto fílmico, así como la representación social existente en el imaginario social. En este sentido, si bien el análisis parte de la imagen audiovisual, la misma es puesta en diálogo con el contexto social e histórico en el que se configura y circula, entendiendo que la representación social de dichas figuras influye en la conformación de estos personajes a la vez que, la representación fílmica reproduce y reconfigura esta representación en el proceso de semiosis.The following work presents the analysis of the representation of the military in national cinematographic fiction based on the example of two films: Matar a todos(2007) by Esteban Schroeder and Otrahistoria del mundo (2017) by Guillermo Casanova. Said representation is understood in a double dimension, both as the visual representation present in the filmic text, as well as the social representation existing in the social imaginary. In this sense, although the analysis starts from the audiovisual image, it is put into dialogue with the social and historical context in which it is configured and circulates, understanding that the social representation of said figures influences the conformation of these characters to at the same time, the filmic representation reproduces and reconfigures this representation in the process of semiosis
Represores en el cine : análisis comparativo de su representación en la ficción cinematográfica de Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay en el XXI
No full textTribunal: Ximena Triquell, Mónica Maronna, Arthur Autran Franco de Sá Neto.El objetivo general de la investigación es realizar un análisis comparativo de las representaciones de los represores en la ficción cinematográfica sobre el pasado reciente de Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay durante las primeras décadas del siglo XXI. En tanto medio audiovisual de gran impacto en la actualidad, el cine ha ocupado un rol activo en el proceso de reconfiguración de una memoria colectiva sobre el terrorismo de Estado en la región, en sus diversas modalidades. En particular, la ficción cinematográfica se ha propuesto construir narrativas de la historia que, junto a otros artefactos culturales, contribuyen a la representación colectiva del pasado. Este trabajo se cuestiona respecto al lugar que ocupan los represores en estas producciones y el modo en el que se los ha representado: ¿en qué medida cristalizan representaciones que se ajustan al discurso dominante en un determinado contexto histórico o bien la cuestionan? ¿cómo se relacionan con las políticas memoriales y cinematográficas llevadas a cabo en la región durante el período? ¿cuáles son las similitudes y diferencias que se presentan en los distintos casos?
La metodología incorpora el análisis de un corpus seleccionado de films, catalogados como ficción en el período comprendido entre 2003-2020, desde el paradigma teórico de la semiótica del cine. Si bien el análisis toma como punto de partida la representación visual presente en el discurso fílmico esta es puesta en diálogo con el contexto social e histórico en el que se configura y circula, reproduciendo y reconfigurando las representaciones sociales de estas figuras en la memoria colectiva sobre el período.The general objective of the research is to carry out a comparative analysis of the representations of repressors in cinematographic fiction about the recent past of Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay during the first decades of the 21st century. As an audiovisual medium with great impact today, cinema has played an active role in the process of reconfiguring a collective memory about State terrorism in the region, in its various modalities. In particular, cinematographic fiction has set out to construct narratives of history that, together with other cultural artifacts, contribute to the collective representation of the past. This work questions the place that repressors occupy in these productions and the way in which they have been represented: to what extent do they crystallize representations that conform to the dominant discourse in a certain historical context or do they question it? How do they relate to the memorial and cinematographic policies carried out in the region during the period? What are the similarities and differences that occur in the different cases?
The methodology incorporates the analysis of a selected corpus of films, classified as fiction in the period between 2003-2020, from the theoretical paradigm of film semiotics. Although the analysis takes as its starting point the visual representation present in the film discourse, it is put in dialogue with the social and historical context in which it is configured and circulates, reproducing and reconfiguring the social representations of these figures in the collective memory about the term.ANNI_POS_NAC_2021_1_16979
Crowdsourcing complex workflows under budget constraints
No full textWe consider the problem of task allocation in crowdsourcing systems with multiple complex workflows, each of which consists of a set of interdependent micro-tasks. We propose Budgeteer, an algorithm to solve this problem under a budget constraint. In particular, our algorithm first calculates an efficient way to allocate budget to each workflow. It then determines the number of inter-dependent micro-tasks and the price to pay for each task within each workflow, given the corresponding budget constraints. We empirically evaluate it on a well-known crowdsourcing-based text correction workflow using Amazon Mechanical Turk, and show that Budgeteer can achieve similar levels of accuracy to current benchmarks, but is on average 45% cheaper
Opioid prescription patterns for adults with longstanding disability and inflammatory conditions compared to other users, using a nationally representative sample
No full textObjectives: To investigate the opioid prescription patterns for adults with longstanding physical disability and inflammatory conditions, compared to a mixed group of other opioid users, after excluding cancer patients.
Design: Nationally representative cross-sectional study, 2010-2014.
Setting: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS).
Participants: The participants (N=7134) were adults who participated in MEPS and had at least 1 opioid prescription, did not have cancer, and were between 18 years and 64 years of age. The participants were grouped as longstanding physical disability (group 1), inflammatory conditions (group 2), and a mixed group with at least 1 opioid prescription during the 2-year study period (comparison group). Participants with both groups of conditions were excluded.
Interventions: Not applicable.
Main outcome measure: Morphine milligram equivalent (MME) doses for each participant were cumulated over a 2-year panel period.
Results: By using quantile regression, cumulative MME in groups 1 and 2 was higher than the comparison group across all the percentiles, and differences between condition groups and comparison group became larger in higher percentiles. Participants in group 1 had the highest cumulative MME in 75th and 90th percentiles after controlling for other covariates.
Conclusions: This study documented the opioid prescription patterns for patients with longstanding physical disability or inflammatory conditions. All indexed groups (groups 1 and 2) had higher MME use compared to the comparison group
Land subdivision: A case study in metropolýtan area of Istanbul
No full textThe application of detailed urban plans is only possible by realizing subdivision in urban areas. Minor subdivisions, land readjustment projects and expropriations in Turkey are primary methods in realizing subdivision of urban areas. Municipalities are responsible for the application of detailed urban plans. In metropolitan areas this power is given to sub-municipalities. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether or not to be difference in realizing of subdivision according to detailed urban plans between urban areas in Istanbul Metropolitan Area. The other purpose of this paper is to constitute a model concerning realizing of subdivision according to detailed urban planning for urban areas in different population groups in Istanbul Metropolitan Area and then to compare each these city groups. For this research a sample survey method were used were questionnaires were sent to Municipalities of urban areas in different population groups in Istanbul Metropolitan Area. In addition, the realizing of subdivision ýndex (RSI) are used as a dependent variable and population, population growth rate, global density in urban areas according to detailed plans, municipal budgets, socio-economic index, the average of land values of cities. Multiple Regression Model is used for each city groups.
“DEVONU LUGATIT TURK”. HISTORICAL STUDY OF TURKISH LANGUAGES IN COMPARATIVE STUDY
No full textThe great encyclopedist Makhmud Kashgari's "Devonu lugatit turk" is very valuable about the division of Turkic tribes and clans in the 11th century, their place of residence, customs, folklore, socio-economic status, history, commonalities and differences in language, reliable data are given
Bank pricing under oligopsony-oligopoly: Evidence from 103 developing countries
No full textWe propose a generic oligopsony-oligopoly model to study bank behavior under uncertainty in developing countries. We derive a pricing structure that acknowledges market power in both the deposit and loan markets and identify two theoretical components to the loan rate: a rent extraction component resulting from the interaction between the choke price of loans and prevailing banking structures, and a markup on deposit funding costs that captures the transformation efficiency of financial intermediation. We then test our structural specification with longitudinal data for 103 non-OECD countries and find that both the market structure under uncertainty and the deposit rate matter significantly in pricing. However, the role played by the rent-extraction share in pricing, on average, dominates funding costs in developing countries, and so underscores the importance of market structure in banks’ pricing power.intermediation; bank pricing; market structure; uncertainty; developing countries
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