8,986,810 research outputs found
Retrospective study of 152 feline cytological bone marrow examinations: preliminary classification and ranges
No full textObjectives Cytological assessment of the bone marrow is an essential tool for understanding and investigating haematological abnormalities. Sometimes it represents the only way to reach a definitive diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to provide a general overview regarding the prevalence of feline bone marrow disorders encountered in a private European laboratory setting, to classify them and to assess the differential cell counts related to such disorders. Methods In total, 152 bone marrow samples were classified using cytological and numerical criteria. The bone marrow cytological examinations were performed after the identification of haematological alterations, such as cytopenias, increased number of cells or suspicion of malignant blood disorders. Results Of the 152 bone marrow samples evaluated, 71 (46.7%) were classified as hyperplastic, primarily granulocytic and erythroid hyperplasia (50.7% and 45.1%, respectively, of the total hyperplasia); 23 (15.1%) showed dysmyelopoiesis, mainly in the form of myelodysplastic syndrome (39.1% of the total dysmyelopoiesis); 21 (13.8%) had no cytological abnormalities; 17 (11.2%) were malignant blood disorders; 15 (9.9%) had hypoplastic conditions; and two (1.3%) were miscellaneous diseases. Metastatic disease was detected in only two cases (1.3%). Differential cell counts and myeloid-to-erythroid (M:E) ratios were reported for normal, erythroid hypoplastic, erythroid and granulocytic hyperplastic and dysplastic conditions. Conclusions and relevance This study provides a general overview of the prevalence and incidence of feline bone marrow disorders together with ranges for differential nucleated cell counts and M:E ratios for the various conditions reported
ABNORMAL FINDINGS IN HAEMOGRAMS OF DACHSHUND PUPPIES: PRESUMPTIVE (IMMUNODEFICIENCY) FAMILIAL DISEASE
No full textIn a litter of seven Dachshund puppies, one subject was stillborn and six presented with diffuse skin
infections characterized by dermatitis, abscessation, pustules, crusts and ulcers. Two of the puppies were
referred for further evaluation. One male puppy was referred at four months of age and a sister litter mate was
referred two months later. A complete blood count, biochemical and histological examination were performed
on these puppies to identify the pathologic process. Clinical, biochemical, haematological and histological
evaluation of subjects. This report characterizes quantitative and qualitative haematological abnormalities in
two puppies that resulted in a diagnosis of dysmyelopoiesis. The existence of a familial immunodeficiency
syndrome was speculated. This is the first report of such a syndrome in Dachshund puppies
Canine bone marrow cytological examination: a retrospective study of 295 cases
No full textnon dsponibil
Canine bone marrow cytological examination, classification and reference values: A retrospective study of 295 cases
No full textCytologic assessment of bone marrow with knowledge of the hemogram represents an effective method to investigate hemic tissue and its function. To determine the spectrum and prevalence of canine bone marrow disorders over a 2 year period in a diagnostic laboratory setting achieved through a standard approach to cytologic bone marrow assessment. A retrospective study of bone marrow fine needle aspirates sample preparations, blood smears, hemogram data and case records. Of the 295 bone marrow samples evaluated, 90 (30.5%) were nondiagnostic samples. Of the remaining samples, 25.1% were classified as hyperplasia of which most were granulocytic hyperplasia (58.1% of the total hyperplasia), 19.3% had no cytological abnormalities, 12.9% had malignant hemopathy and 7.8% had hypo-aplastic conditions. Only a small proportion of cases involved dysplasia (1.7%) and metastatic disease was detected in only one case (0.3%). Reference values of nucleated cells and the M/E ratio were calculated for normal and erythroid and granulocytic hyperplastic bone marrow. This study provides the spectrum and the prevalence of canine bone marrow disorders as well as a differential bone marrow cell counting and determination of reference intervals for diseases
When a bone marrow exam without cytological abnormalities should be considered truly normal?
No full textBackground: Blood and bone marrow cytological examination represents the unique tool to explore the hematopoietic tissue that can be altered by several intrinsic and extrinsic conditions Cytological assessment of the bone marrow is indicated in several situations including hemogram alterations, hypercalcemia, hyperproteinemia staging for malignancies and monitoring of chemotherapy administration.
Objectives: The purpose of this cytologically retrospective study was to evaluate a consistent number of qualitative and quantitative normal bone marrow exams according to the hematological and clinical-pathological data to judge if this normality is by itself a pathologic state.
Methods: Six hundred and thirteen bone marrow samples were examined using morphological and numerical criteria together with a complete hemogram. The bone marrow cytological examinations were performed after the identification of hematological or clinical alterations such as cytopenia, increased number of cells, positive leishmania serological result and staging of neoplasia.
Results: Of the 613 bone marrow samples evaluated, 85 (14%) were classified as normal. However only 28 (33%) of those cases has a normal hemogram associated, whereas 55 (65%) has one or more cytopenia and 2 (2%) has increased blood cells count.
Conclusions: From this retrospective study emerge that cytological bone marrow examinations without any morphological or numerical abnormalities are often associated with altered hematological exams and for this reason they should not be considered normal and should lead to other deepened investigations and sometimes to a second cytological bone marrow exam after some days
NORMAL CYTOLOGICAL BONE MARROW EXAMS ASSOCIATED TO ALTERED HEMOGRAMS IN CATS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
No full textBackground: bone marrow and blood smear cytological analysis together with a complete hemogram represent the only method for examining the hematopoietic tissue and function. Sometimes in clinical practice, pathological hemograms are associated with cytological normal bone marrow exams.
Objective: the aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate a series of feline cytological bone marrow samples, together with hematological and clinicopathological data. This, to judge if the normality of these cytological exams is reliable or if it indicates an intrinsic failure.
Methods: two-hundred-fourteen bone marrow samples and blood smears were examined using morphological and numerical criteria together with complete hemograms. Bone marrow cytological examinations were performed after the identification of hematological or clinical alterations such as anemia, leukocytosis, fever of unknown origin, and staging of neoplasia (i.e., lymphoma).
Results: among the 214 bone marrow samples evaluated, 41 (19%) were classified as normal. However, only 4 of those cases (10%) exhibited normal hemograms. The most common hematological anomalies, often seen in combination, were anemia (56%), thrombocytopenia (17%) and leucopenia (10%). Furthermore, anemia associated with other abnormal hematological findings (51 %) and lymphoma (15%) were the most frequent indication for bone marrow examination.
Conclusion: this retrospective study suggests that bone marrow cytological exams, despite appearing normal in terms of morphological or numerical parameters, can still be associated with abnormal hemograms. As a result, they should not be automatically considered as clinically normal. Instead, they should prompt additional research and, occasionally, a second cytological bone marrow examination in the following days
A case report of T-cell lymphoma in a horse
No full textLymphoma is a solid neoplasm of the lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, spleen, etc.). It
is the most common neoplasm of the horse’s haematopoietic system, although not
common in absolute terms, and has a prevalence ranging from 1% to 3% of all
tumours. It is subtyped into four anatomical forms: multicentric, alimentary, mediastinic
and cutaneous. Multicentric lymphoma is the most common form and usually
involves the lymph nodes and other lymphoid organs, but it can induce metastases to
the liver, lungs and kidneys. The clinical signs of lymphoma are associated with the
degree of organ involvement and can include aspecific symptoms such as weight loss,
depression, lymphadenopathy, intermittent fever, respiratory disturbances and recurrent
colic. The diagnosis of equine lymphoma requires a complete clinical examination
including rectal palpation, complete blood count (CBC), extended biochemical
profile, bone marrow aspirate sampling, serum electrophoresis, liver and spleen
echography and finally, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or surgical biopsy of enlarged
lymph nodes or any other eventual masses occurring. Lymphoma can be classified in
terms of degree of malignancy as ‘low’ (prevalence of small lymphocytes similar to
those appearing in the peripheral blood) or ‘high’ (composed of large lymphoblasts,
when the tumour is more aggressive). The most significant classification is based on
the lymphoid cell type from which the neoplasm has originated (T- or B-cell type)
(Carlson, 1996; Kelley and Mahaffey, 1998; Savage, 1998; McClure, 2000)
Retrospective study of 613 canine cytologically normal bone marrows associated to altered hemograms: Description, possible interpretation and review of the principal physiological hematopoietic mechanisms
No full textBackground: In clinical routine, it can happen that to an abnormal hemogram corresponds an unexpected cytological normal bone marrow examination that can be difficult to interpret and to menage.
Aim: This cytologically retrospective study wants to evaluate a consistent number of qualitative and quantitative normal bone marrow exams according to the hematological and clinical-pathological data to judge if this normality is by itself a pathologic state.
Methods: Six hundred and thirteen bone marrow samples were examined. The bone marrow cytological examinations were performed using morphological and numerical criteria together with a complete hemogram, after the identification of clinical or hematological alterations such as multiple lymph nodes enlarged, positive leishmania serological result, staging of neoplasia, cytopenia, increased number of cells or suspicion of malignant blood disorders.
Results: Of the 613 bone marrow samples evaluated, 85 (14%) were classified as normal or without cytological abnormalities; however only 28 (33%) of those cases has a normal hemogram associated, whereas 55 (65%) has one or more cytopenia and 2 (2%) has increased blood cells count.
Conclusion: From this study emerge that cytological bone marrow examinations without any morphological or numerical abnormalities are often associated with altered hematological exams and for this reason they should not be considered normal and should lead to other deepened investigations. [Open Vet J 2023; 13(2.000): 233-240
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