1,758,665 research outputs found
The politics of Bluefin tuna in Malta
Full text linkThis paper analyzes the politics of bluefin tuna in Malta within the first years of EU accession (2004-9). The paper concludes that despite making certain impacts, ENGOs were unsuccessful in creating a hegemonic formation to stop the fishing of bluefin tuna until stocks recover.peer-reviewe
A Demand Analysis of the UK Canned Tuna Market
Full text linkThis study provides an analysis of the retail level demand for canned tuna in the UK using four-weekly scanned data for the period 1995–99. The role of product medium is analysed, looking at the interactions between the traditional tuna in brine and oil and the more recent value added tuna in sauces. A system of demand equations is estimated using the dynamic almost ideal demand system (AIDS) model. All products are demonstrated to have negative and inelastic own price elasticities. Tuna in brine and sauce is shown to be a normal good, while tuna in oil was demonstrated to be a luxury good. Tuna in oil was indicated as being a substitute for tuna in sauce., Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Marketing, Q21.,
Tuna-Led Sustainable Developlment in the Pacific
Full text linkThe paper reviews the importance of tuna fisheries in the western and central Pacific Island Countries (PICs) and examines whether current and proposed economically focussed institutional mechanisms, that underpin tuna management, are sufficient to promote appropriate and long term tuna-led development. Substantial potential gains are shown to exist from co-operation in terms of tuna management, but it seems highly unlikely such benefits will be realised in the short or medium term despite the formation in 2004 of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission. Even if gains from co-operation were to be realised, without substantial improvements in the nstitutional quality and capacity of many PICs the tuna fisheries might still fail to sustain the region’s long-term development. The study’s implications are that the twin development priorities in the region should be support for social infrastructure, especially capacity building to increase the effectiveness of the public sector, and the promotion of co-operative approaches to ensure the sustainability and profitable use of the region’s shared fishery resources.
Global monthly catches from tuna fisheries by 5° grid (1950-2021) (FIRMS level 0)
No full text<p>We compiled a comprehensive dataset of geo-referenced catches from global tuna fisheries available on a spatial resolution of 5° grid areas. This dataset was created by harmonizing public domain data from the five tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs) for the period 1950-2021. Under the auspices of the Fisheries and Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS) of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), we developed a systematic data flow process in collaboration with the t-RFMO Secretariats. This process involved the implementation of a data exchange format adhering to the standards of the FAO Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP), facilitating the seamless integration of data into the dataset.<br><br>Geo-referenced catch data from tuna fisheries are reported in either the number of fish or live-weight equivalent (metric tonnes), with some strata providing catches in both units. The catches primarily represent the quantities of retained fish either landed or transhipped at sea and in ports. The data are stratified by year, month, fishing fleet, fishing gear, fishing mode, 5° grid area of longitude and latitude, and taxon.<br><br>The dataset encompasses 49 medium- and large-sized pelagic species found in both neritic and oceanic habitats of the world's oceans. This includes 15 species of tunas, 10 species of billfish, 7 species of Spanish mackerels, 2 species of bonitos, and wahoo. Despite uncertainties and incomplete data due to under-reporting, the dataset also includes reported catches for 14 species of pelagic sharks and rays that may be either targeted or incidentally caught in tuna and tuna-like fisheries.<br><br>The dataset serves as a benchmark for the monitoring and assessment of both artisanal and industrial fisheries from over 115 fishing fleets across 114 countries that have exploited tuna and tuna-like species for subsistence and commercial purposes over more than seven decades.</p><p>Tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs) are regional fishery bodies responsible for the conservation and management of tuna and tuna-like species, associated species, and their ecosystems across the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. T-RFMOS routinely collate and consolidate fisheries data from their Contracting Parties to inform the scientific advice guiding the management process.<br><br>The dataset was compiled using publicly available monthly geo-referenced catch data curated and disseminated by the five t-RFMOs: the Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT), the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC), the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC), and the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC). The retained data encompasses all fishing gears characterized by a monthly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of 5° of longitude and latitude or finer.<br><br>The description of each original input dataset can be found at the following links:<br><br>- CCSBT: <a href="https://www.ccsbt.org/en/content/sbt-data">https://www.ccsbt.org/en/content/sbt-data</a> <br>- IATTC: <a href="https://www.iattc.org/en-US/Data/Public-domain">https://www.iattc.org/en-US/Data/Public-domain</a> <br>- ICCAT: <a href="https://www.iccat.int/en/accesingdb.html">https://www.iccat.int/en/accesingdb.html</a> <br>- IOTC: <a href="https://iotc.org/data/datasets/latest/CE/All">https://iotc.org/data/datasets/latest/CE/All</a><br>- WCPFC: <a href="https://www.wcpfc.int/public-domain">https://www.wcpfc.int/public-domain</a> <br><br>"FIRMS level 0" refers to the initial stage where the primary datasets undergo processing to form the dataset. The creation of the global FIRMS level 0 dataset involves several sequential steps:</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Preparation</strong>: For confidentiality reasons, details regarding flag state and fishing mode for the geo-referenced catches of the eastern Pacific Ocean purse seine fisheries are available in separate files. For the purposes of the GTA, the catch data from the flag-detailed dataset was scaled up to match the catch data from the school type-detailed dataset. This adjustment was made to estimate catches by both flag state and fishing mode within each stratum. To avoid double-counting catches due to overlapping areas of competence between the IOTC, WCPFC, and IATTC, catch data from the IOTC and IATTC were retained in the dataset. This is because the WCPFC data were filtered at the source to exclude all strata with observations from fewer than four vessels, reducing their accuracy. This filtering process follows WCPFC's rules and procedures for the protection, access, and dissemination of data (<a href="https://www.wcpfc.int/doc/data-02/rules-and-procedures-protection-access-and-dissemination-data-compiled-commission">https://www.wcpfc.int/doc/data-02/rules-and-procedures-protection-access-and-dissemination-data-compiled-commission</a>).</li>
<li><strong>Submission</strong>: Public domain datasets from CCSBT, IATTC, ICCAT, IOTC, and WCPFC were submitted through the FIRMS Global Tuna Atlas data collection framework at <a href="https://i-marine.d4science.org/group/fao_tunaatlas/dcrf-data-call-management">https://i-marine.d4science.org/group/fao_tunaatlas/dcrf-data-call-management</a>. Data were submitted according to the CWP Reference Harmonization standard (<a href="https://www.fao.org/3/cc6734en/cc6734en.pdf">https://www.fao.org/3/cc6734en/cc6734en.pdf</a>) using a GTA catch common data format (<a href="https://github.com/fdiwg/fdi-formats/blob/main/cwp_rh_generic_gta_taskII.json">https://github.com/fdiwg/fdi-formats/blob/main/cwp_rh_generic_gta_taskII.json</a>). It is noteworthy that certain original codes used within t-RFMOs could not be mapped to standard codelists, especially those representing an aggregation of other existing codes, e.g., IDPH - Indonesia and Philippines as fishing fleet code for the WCPFC. Due to WCPFC confidentiality policies, information on fishing fleet in data available at a resolution of one month and 5° of longitude and latitude is only available for fisheries occurring in the Western Pacific Ocean that use drifting longlines. The fishing fleet was set to NEI for all fisheries using purse seines, gillnets, and pole-and-lines.</li>
<li><strong>Binding</strong>: This step involves combining the individual geo-referenced catch datasets provided by the t-RFMOs into a single dataset.</li>
<li><strong>Filtering</strong>: Data for southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) from t-RFMOs other than the CCSBT were excluded. CCSBT is considered the authoritative source of information for this species. Data available at a higher spatial resolution than 5° longitude and latitude were aggregated to the corresponding 5° grids, while data available at lower spatial resolutions were excluded from the dataset. Data available at a temporal resolution lower than monthly were excluded from the dataset.</li>
<li><strong>Services</strong>: The dataset was loaded in the Tuna atlas database, the FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture Spatial Data Infrastructure (GeoServer at <a href="https://www.fao.org/fishery/geoserver">https://www.fao.org/fishery/geoserver</a> and GeoNetwork <a href="https://www.fao.org/fishery/geonetwork">https://www.fao.org/fishery/geonetwork</a> ) and underlying Global Tuna Atlas map viewer <a href="https://www.fao.org/fishery/geoserver/tunaatlas/">https://www.fao.org/fishery/geoserver/tunaatlas/</a></li>
<li><strong>Publication</strong>: The dataset was published on the Zenodo platform with the following DOI: <a href="../doi/10.5281/zenodo.5746041">https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.5746041</a></li>
</ol>
Global monthly catches from tuna fisheries by 1° and 5° grids (1950-2021) (FIRMS level 0)
No full textWe compiled a comprehensive dataset of geo-referenced catches from global tuna fisheries available at a spatial resolution of 1° and 5° grid areas. This dataset was created by harmonizing public domain data from the five tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs) for the period 1950-2021. Under the auspices of the Fisheries and Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS) of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), we developed a systematic data flow process in collaboration with the t-RFMO Secretariats. This process involved the implementation of a data exchange format adhering to the standards of the FAO Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP), facilitating the seamless integration of data into the dataset.<br><br>Geo-referenced catch data from tuna fisheries are reported in either the number of fish or live-weight equivalent (metric tonnes), with some strata providing catches in both units. The catches primarily represent the quantities of retained fish either landed or transhipped at sea and in ports. The data are stratified by year, month, fishing fleet, fishing gear, fishing mode, 1° or 5° grid area of longitude and latitude, and taxon.<br><br>The dataset encompasses 49 medium- and large-sized pelagic species found in both neritic and oceanic habitats of the world's oceans. This includes 15 species of tunas, 10 species of billfish, 7 species of Spanish mackerels, 2 species of bonitos, and wahoo. Despite uncertainties and incomplete data due to under-reporting, the dataset also includes reported catches for 14 species of pelagic sharks and rays that may be either targeted or incidentally caught in tuna and tuna-like fisheries.<br><br>The dataset serves as a benchmark for the monitoring and assessment of both artisanal and industrial fisheries from over 115 fishing fleets across 114 countries that have exploited tuna and tuna-like species for subsistence and commercial purposes over more than seven decades.<p>Tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs) are regional fishery bodies responsible for the conservation and management of tuna and tuna-like species, associated species, and their ecosystems across the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. T-RFMOS routinely collate and consolidate fisheries data from their Contracting Parties to inform the scientific advice guiding the management process.<br><br>The dataset was compiled using publicly available monthly geo-referenced catch data curated and disseminated by the five t-RFMOs: the Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT), the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC), the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC), and the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC). The retained data encompasses all fishing gears characterized by a monthly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of 1° or 5° of longitude and latitude.<br><br>The description of each original input dataset can be found at the following links:<br><br>- CCSBT: <a href="https://www.ccsbt.org/en/content/sbt-data">https://www.ccsbt.org/en/content/sbt-data</a><br>- IATTC: <a href="https://www.iattc.org/en-US/Data/Public-domain">https://www.iattc.org/en-US/Data/Public-domain</a><br>- ICCAT: <a href="https://www.iccat.int/en/accesingdb.html">https://www.iccat.int/en/accesingdb.html</a><br>- IOTC: <a href="https://iotc.org/data/datasets/latest/CE/All">https://iotc.org/data/datasets/latest/CE/All</a><br>- WCPFC: <a href="https://www.wcpfc.int/public-domain">https://www.wcpfc.int/public-domain</a><br><br>"FIRMS level 0" refers to the initial stage where the primary datasets undergo processing to form the dataset. The creation of the global FIRMS level 0 dataset involves several sequential steps:</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>Preparation</strong>: For confidentiality reasons, details regarding flag state and fishing mode for the geo-referenced catches of the eastern Pacific Ocean purse seine fisheries are available in separate files. For the purposes of the GTA, the catch data from the flag-detailed dataset was scaled up to match the catch data from the school type-detailed dataset. This adjustment was made to estimate catches by both flag state and fishing mode within each stratum. To avoid double-counting catches due to overlapping areas of competence between the IOTC, WCPFC, and IATTC, catch data from the IOTC and IATTC were retained in the dataset. This is because the WCPFC data were filtered at the source to exclude all strata with observations from fewer than four vessels, reducing their accuracy. This filtering process follows WCPFC's rules and procedures for the protection, access, and dissemination of data (<a href="https://www.wcpfc.int/doc/data-02/rules-and-procedures-protection-access-and-dissemination-data-compiled-commission">https://www.wcpfc.int/doc/data-02/rules-and-procedures-protection-access-and-dissemination-data-compiled-commission</a>).</li>
<li><strong>Submission</strong>: Public domain datasets from CCSBT, IATTC, ICCAT, IOTC, and WCPFC were submitted through the FIRMS Global Tuna Atlas data collection framework at <a href="https://i-marine.d4science.org/group/fao_tunaatlas/dcrf-data-call-management">https://i-marine.d4science.org/group/fao_tunaatlas/dcrf-data-call-management</a>. Data were submitted according to the CWP Reference Harmonization standard (<a href="https://www.fao.org/3/cc6734en/cc6734en.pdf">https://www.fao.org/3/cc6734en/cc6734en.pdf</a>) using a GTA catch common data format (<a href="https://github.com/fdiwg/fdi-formats/blob/main/cwp_rh_generic_gta_taskI.json">https://github.com/fdiwg/fdi-formats/blob/main/cwp_rh_generic_gta_taskI.json</a>). It is noteworthy that certain original codes used within t-RFMOs could not be mapped to standard codelists, especially those representing an aggregation of other existing codes, e.g., IDPH - Indonesia and Philippines as fishing fleet code for the WCPFC. Due to WCPFC confidentiality policies, information on fishing fleet in data available at a resolution of one month and 1° or 5° of longitude and latitude is only available for fisheries occurring in the Western Pacific Ocean that use drifting longlines. The fishing fleet was set to NEI for all fisheries using purse seines, gillnets, and pole-and-lines.</li>
<li><strong>Binding</strong>: This step involves combining the individual geo-referenced catch datasets provided by the t-RFMOs into a single dataset.</li>
<li><strong>Filtering</strong>: Data for southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) from t-RFMOs other than the CCSBT were excluded. CCSBT is considered the authoritative source of information for this species. Data available at a lower spatial resolution than 5° longitude and latitude were excluded from the dataset. Data available at a temporal resolution lower than monthly were excluded from the dataset.</li>
<li><strong>Services</strong>: The dataset was loaded in the Tuna atlas database, the FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture Spatial Data Infrastructure (GeoServer at <a href="https://www.fao.org/fishery/geoserver">https://www.fao.org/fishery/geoserver</a> and GeoNetwork <a href="https://www.fao.org/fishery/geonetwork">https://www.fao.org/fishery/geonetwork</a> ) and underlying Global Tuna Atlas map viewer <a href="https://www.fao.org/fishery/geoserver/tunaatlas/">https://www.fao.org/fishery/geoserver/tunaatlas/</a></li>
<li><strong>Publication</strong>: The dataset was published on the Zenodo platform with the following DOI: <a href="../doi/10.5281/zenodo.5747174">https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.5747174</a> </li>
</ol>
Time-Dependent Quotas for the Southern Bluefin Tuna Fishery
Full text linkIt is now officially recognized by the governments of Australia and Japan that the southern bluefin tuna fishery has been overexploited and that harvests must be controlled. A dynamic programming model applicable to multicohort fisheries is developed for finding approximately optimal time-dependent quotas. Results from applying the model to the southern bluefin tuna fishery indicate that restricting or eliminating the Australian catch of under 4-year-olds would benefit both countries.Environmental Economics and Policy, International Relations/Trade, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT OF THE NORTHERN ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA
Full text linkThis paper analyzes the optimal management of the Northern Atlantic bluefin tuna, both eastern and western stocks. The analysis is based on a deterministic multi-gear and age-structured bioeconomic model. In order to assess the importance of the gear structure in this fishery, the model is optimized in two scenarios. In the first, the strategies are restricted to the gear mix of the base year, whereas in the second, the optimal gear mix is estimated. For both scenarios, optimal constant strategies are determined. The corresponding optimal use is then compared with an open-access scenario. Also, optimal non-constant strategies are explored. As expected, the gear structure of the fishery proved to be highly relevant in the optimal payoffs. In particular, the unrestricted strategies yield rents substantially higher than the restricted ones. Also, the optimal management of the bluefin tuna fishery, in both the East and West Atlantic, would imply significant reallocation of the gear shares.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
MAXIMIZING RESOURCE RENT FROM THE WESTERN AND CENTRAL PACIFIC TUNA FISHERIES
Full text linkRent generated by the tuna fisheries occurring in the waters of Pacific Islands Nations is estimated for various levels and combinations of purse-seine, pole-and-line, frozen tuna longline, and fresh tuna longline fishing effort, using a multi-species, multi-fleet bioeconomic model. The underlying population model integrates available information on the population dynamics of skipjack, yellowfin, bigeye, and Southern albacore tunas in the Pacific Ocean. The economic model utilizes the most recent data on fishing effort costs for the purse seine, pole-and-line, and longline fleets operating in the western and central Pacific Ocean, along with recent estimates of prices by species, method of capture and market, and estimates of demand elasticities. The results of the model indicate that fishery rent could be increased substantially above the current level by decreasing the size of all fleets, with the possible exception of the tuna longline fleet. The results also suggest that the countries of the region could benefit significantly by changing the level and structure of access fees levied as a percentage of total catch revenue.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
The Economics of Allocation in Tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOS)
Full text linkThe paper reviews existing allocation mechanisms in the five tuna regional fisheries management organizatins and shows that although they have adopted different approaches all have failed to prevent overcapacity and, or some stocks, overexploitation. As an alternative, it is proposed that each tuna regional fishing management organization establish total allowable catches by species and area, and then allocate non-transferable and permanent country shares (as a proportion of the total harvest) to member countries. Each country would be free to use or sell its annual allocation of fish that would be determined by the permanent country shares, but the sales could only be to fellow member countries. A two-tier allocation to countries of permanenet shares of a total allowable catch, and then annual harvest allocations to vessels of member countries, offers the promise of mitigating, and possibly overcoming, the twin problems of overcapacity and overexploitation in the highly migratory and high seas tuna fisheries.tuna, property rights, allocation
Rent-Maximization versus Competition in the Western and Central Pacific Tuna Fishery
Full text linkWhere a fish stock straddles or migrates between country A's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and country B's EEZ, or the high seas, vesting ownership rights in the stock with A does not ensure efficient harvesting of the stock. This problem arises in the case of migratory tuna stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO). Four species of tuna reside for only part of the year in the EEZs of coastal states, many of which are Pacific Island Countries (PICs). Most of the harvesting of the stocks is carried out by distant water fishing nations such as the USA, Japan, Taiwan, China and Korea. Problems arise for achieving efficiency and equity in the harvesting of the stocks by disparate countries. The problems are made more difficult by changes in the harvesting levels of one fleet affecting the rents of another fleet through changes in the age distribution of stock. These types of problem are under review by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission, formed in 2005. Results from an age-structured steady-state bioeconomic model are used to show: the changes in fleet rents and catches of tuna if all fleets form a cooperative grand coalition to deploy fishing effort to maximize rents over the WCPO; the likely non-stability of the grand coalition; and the inferior Nash Equilibrium outcomes if all fleets fish non-cooperatively to maximize their own rents.Bioeconomic modelling, Game theory, Optimisation, Migratory tuna, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
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