33 research outputs found
Greedy layerwise training of convolutional neural networks
No full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-63).Layerwise training presents an alternative approach to end-to-end back-propagation for training deep convolutional neural networks. Although previous work was unsuccessful in demonstrating the viability of layerwise training, especially on large-scale datasets such as ImageNet, recent work has shown that layerwise training on specific architectures can yield highly competitive performances. On ImageNet, the layerwise trained networks can perform comparably to many state-of-the-art end-to-end trained networks. In this thesis, we compare the performance gap between the two training procedures across a wide range of network architectures and further analyze the possible limitations of layerwise training. Our results show that layerwise training quickly saturates after a certain critical layer, due to the overfitting of early layers within the networks. We discuss several approaches we took to address this issue and help layerwise training improve across multiple architectures. From a fundamental standpoint, this study emphasizes the need to open the blackbox that is modern deep neural networks and investigate the layerwise interactions between intermediate hidden layers within deep networks, all through the lens of layerwise training.by Loc Quang Trinh.M. Eng.M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Scienc
Dielectrophoresis Microfluidic Enrichment Platform with Built-In Capacitive Sensor for Rare Tumor Cell Detection
No full textThe manipulation and detection of rare cells are important for many applications in early disease diagnosis and medicine. This study presents a dielectrophoresis (DEP) microfluidic enrichment platform combined with a built-in capacitive sensor for circulating tumor cell detection. The microchip is composed of a lollipop-shaped gold microelectrode structure under a polydimethylsiloxane chamber. A prototype of the device was fabricated using standard micromachining technology. With the proposed device, target cells (in this study, A549 non-small human lung carcinoma and S-180 sarcoma cell lines) are firstly guided toward the center of the working chamber via DEP forces. Then, the target cells are captured by an electrode immobilized by anti-EGFR, which has high affinity toward the target cells. After the cell concentration process, the differential capacitance is read to detect the presence of the target cells. Numerical simulations and measurement experiments were performed to demonstrate the high sensitivity of differential capacitive sensing. The obtained results show high sensitivity for S-180 cell detection (3 mV/cell). The proposed platform is suitable for rapid cancer diagnoses and other metabolic disease applications.No Full Tex
Le Phuong Loc, formerly of Quang nam, interviewed by Trinh Le Ha - Truong Cong Huy at Tp Ho Chi Minh
No full textThe Chair-CEO Chronological Age Gap and Bank Performance: The Effects of Financial Crisis Shock
No full textThis study investigates the effect of the Chair-CEO chronological age gap on the performance of commercial banks listed on the London Stock Exchange. We examine either the Chair-CEO generational gap (a minimum age gap of 20 years) or the Chair-CEO age difference (+/- or absolute). We find significant evidence for the hypothesis that the Chair-CEO age dissimilarity is likely to increase bank performance. Additional identification attempts include the use of the 2007-2009 financial crisis as an exogenous shock to monitoring needs. We find that during the crisis, the positive linkage between age difference and bank performance was more intensified
Bi-abduction with pure properties for specification inference
No full text10.1007/978-3-319-03542-0_8Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)8301 LNCS107-12
Effectiveness of Pharmacist-led Intervention on Physicians Prescribing for Outpatients in Vietnam: A Before- and After-intervention Study
No full textObjective: Drug-related problems (DRPs) can lead to treatment failures and high risks of hospitali-zation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pharmacist-led interventions on DRPs in outpa-tient prescribing and to determine the risk factors relative to these DRPs.
Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted that compared before- (April 1 to June 30, 2020) and after- (June 1 to June 15, 2021) interventions on the outpatient prescribing process from a public hospital in Vietnam. The PCNE classification version 9.1 and suitable drug information were used to determine DRPs, which then used Drugs.com to find drug-drug interactions for each prescription. Collaborated with hospital pharmacists via reporting on the pre-intervention results, sending information sheets, and reminding doctors of the DRPs was conducted.
Results: 32.8% of prescriptions had at least 1 DRP in 500 pre-intervention prescriptions. In 500 post-intervention prescriptions, the proportion of at least 1 DRP prescription decreased from 32.8% to 31.0% (p-value>0.05). Prescriptions with ≥5 drugs increased the possibility of a DRP appearance (p-value<0.001).
Conclusion: This intervention method was not thorough, so it was ineffective in reducing DRPs on outpatient prescriptions. It is necessary to conduct specific interventions on each DRP and more time to discuss with doctors to improve the effectiveness of prescribing
Socio-hydrological approach for farmer adaptability to hydrological changes: a case study in salinity-controlled areas of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
No full textThe Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) is an example of a complex dynamic socio-hydrological system in which societies and hydrology interact and co-evolve. The dominant engineering approach in the VMD has enhanced the dynamics of society and hydrology. This study looks at the implications of socio-hydrological dynamics in the coastal VMD where saline water is controlled by various infrastructures. In the first phase, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used to explore socio-hydrological dynamics in the study area. The results show divergence in livelihood strategies inside the freshwater-projected area, shaping a heterogeneous agricultural landscape of fresh- and brackish-water livelihoods manifested by four socio-hydrological groups. Next, the Motivation and Ability (MOTA) framework and household surveys were used to assess the adaptability in the agricultural development pathway advocated by the freshwater policy. The result revealed differentiations among these socio-hydrological groups. The findings suggest other practices may be required to help the area navigate towards future adaptations to socio-hydrological changes.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Policy Analysi
Parnassia wightiana Wallich ex Wight & Arnott 1834
No full text1. Parnassia wightiana Wallich ex Wight & Arnott (1834: 35) (Figs. 2–4) References: Grierson (1987: 517), Gu (1987: 46), Gu & Hultgård (2001: 114), Suksathan (2009: 46), Bhaskar & Shinobu (2012: 1), Shu et al. (2017: 6), Wang et al. (2018: 133), Averyanov et al. (2020: 282). TYPE: — INDIA. Sine loc., R. Wight 116 (lectotype, designated by Shu et al. [2017: 6]: K: 000739468 photo!; isolectotypes: E: E00174108 photo!, E00174109 photo!, E00174110 photo!; GZU: 000100142; K: 000739466 photo!; P: P00709377 photo!). Description (based on Vietnamese specimens):—Herbs perennial, forming dense clumps, generally glabrous. Rhizome 2–4 cm long, 1.0– 1.5 cm in diam., with numerous roots. Basal leaves 8–10, 11– 15 cm long; petiole 8–13 cm long, 1.5–2 mm in diam., adaxially grooved, winged at base, wings sheath-like, 2 cm long and 1 mm wide; blade adaxially dark green, abaxially light green, broadly cordate to reniform, 2.5–4.5 × 3.0– 6.5 cm, base cordate, apex rounded to obtuse with short mucro, margin entire, with 9–11 veins pedately originating at base. Floriferous stem subterminal (arising near the rhizome apex), usually 1, stout, angled, to 20 cm long, 2.0 mm in diam. Cauline leaf 1, at middle of floriferous stem, nearly sessile; blade similar to that of basal leaf in shape but smaller, with several dark brown hairs at margin near base. Inflorescence 1-flowered. Flower 4 cm in diam.; hypanthium short, 6 mm wide. Sepals 5, light green to yellowish, broadly oblong, 10–12 × 4.5–6.0 mm, slightly narrowed towards base, apex obtuse, with margins decurrent onto inferior part of ovary, with some inconspicuous parallel veins. Petals 5, white with bright green base on adaxial side (especially so at vein bases), broadly obovate, 15–19 × 13–15 mm, with a claw 2.0–3.0 mm long; apex rounded and slightly lobed, blade margin at its basal 2/3 with long branched fimbriations or more rarely erose. Stamens 5; filament 6–9 mm long, 1 mm in diam.; anther 2.5–3.0 mm long, 1.5 mm in diam., longitudinally dehiscent. Staminodes 5, flat, 5–6 mm long, 2.0– 2.5 mm wide at base, up to 4.5 mm wide distally, 5–7-lobed for up to almost 2/3 of their length; lobes spreading laterally, unequal in size, 2–3 mm long, 0.3–0.5 mm in diam., with distinct glands at apex (resembling toes of tree frog). Gynoecium of 3 united carpels; ovary semi-inferior; inferior part 5.5 mm high; superior part conical, obtusely three-angled, 3.5 mm high, 3.5 mm in diam. at base; style 1.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, bearing 3 short stigmatic lobes. Capsule triangular pyramidal, dehiscing into 3 valves; mature fruit 6 mm high, 6.5 mm wide at base. Seeds numerous, oblong, 1 mm long, 0.5 mm in diam. Specimens examined: — VIETNAM. Ha Giang Province: Quan Ba District, Tung Vai commune, disturbed primary evergreen forest on limestone mountain, around point 23°04’03.1’’N 104°50’23.9’’E, at elevation of 1297 m, 17 March 2018, Pham Van The, Trinh Ngoc Bon TB 069 (VAFS); Ha Giang Province: Quan Ba District, Tung Vai commune, Thang village, around point 23°03’13.4’’N 104°51’48.8’’E, steep rocky slopes of stream valley composed with eroded stratified highly eroded limestone at elevation 1000–1200 m a.s.l., primary evergreen broad-leaved very humid forest, open wet mossy river rocks, 23 April 2018, L. Averyanov, Nguyen Sinh Khang, Nguyen Tien Hiep, Nguyen Quang Hieu, Chuong Quang Ngan, T. Maisak VR 760 (LE: LE01050109 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=3978); Ha Giang Province: Quan Ba District, Tung Vai commune, Thang village, around point 23°03’00.4’’N 104°52’02.2’’E, steep rocky slopes of river valley composed with eroded limestone at elevation 1000–1060 m a.s.l., remnants of primary evergreen broad-leaved very humid forest, wet grassy places along river and on mossy open wet stream rocks, 19 October 2018, L. Averyanov, Nguyen Sinh Khang, T. Maisak, Truong Quang Ngan VR 1045 (LE: LE01048857 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=576, LE01049038 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=4903, LE01049078 http:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=4918); Ha Giang Province: Quan Ba district, Ta Van commune, Can Ho village, around point 23.03513°N 104.87016°E, steep rocky mountain slopes composed of eroded limestone at elevation 1100– 1250 m a.s.l., secondary evergreen broad-leaved humid forest along rocky stream, open wet mossy stream rocks, 9 October 2019, L. Averyanov, Nguyen Sinh Khang, T. Maisak VR 1494 (LE: LE01066941 http://en.herbariumle. ru/?t=occ&id=12724, photos LE01061037 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=13091); Yen Bai Province: Mu Cang Chai District, Nam Co commune, Lung Cung village, secondary evergreen broad-leaved woodland and scrub, around point 21°54’23.5’’N 104°16’59.4’’E, at elevation of 1762 m, 22 September 2011, Pham Van The, Nguyen Tien Vinh, Hoang Van Than CPC 4488 (CPC – Herbarium of the Center for Plant Conservation, Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations, Hanoi, Vietnam; photos LE: LE01087319 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=27233). Distribution: — Afghanistan, N India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, N Thailand, N Vietnam (Ha Giang and Yen Bai provinces). Phenology: —In Vietnam, flowering was observed from March to October, fruiting was observed from April to October. Habitat and ecology: —In Vietnam, Parnassia wightiana was found in wet places along streams in disturbed primary evergreen forest on limestone, and also in secondary evergreen broad-leaved woodland and scrub on nonlimestone mountains at elevations of 1000–1760 m, as a lithophyte or a terrestrial herb (see Fig. 1). Parnassia wightiana is known from several populations within Vietnam, some of which contain numerous individuals (Averyanov et al. 2020; this study). In the secondary forests with Taiwania cryptomerioides in Yen Bai Province, P. wightiana (the specimen Pham et al. CPC 4488) grows together with Dicranopteris linearis (Gleicheniaceae), Asplenium sp. (Aspleniaceae), Amorphophallus sp. (Araceae), Carex sp. (Cyperaceae), Rubus sp. (Rosaceae), Melastoma sp. (Melastomataceae), Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae). In the limestone landscape of Ha Giang Province, P. wightiana (the specimen Pham Van The, Trinh Ngoc Bon TB 069) was recorded to grow together with the following herbs and small understorey woody plants: Equisetum diffusum (Equisetaceae), Dryopteris stenolepis (Dryopteridaceae), Pyrrosia bonii (Polypodiaceae), Acorus calamus (Acoraceae), Tacca integrifolia (Taccaceae), Nervilia fordii (Orchidaceae), Caryota urens (Arecaceae), Anemone sumatrana (Ranunculaceae), Ficus abelii (Moraceae), Elatostema dissectum (Urticaceae), Begonia lecomtei (Begoniaceae), Micromelum minutum (Rutaceae), Maesa montana (Primulaceae), Ophiorrhiza baviensis, O. japonica (Rubiaceae). The primary forest at high elevations in that area comprises tree species including Fokienia hodginsii (Cupressaceae), Amentotaxus yunnanensis, Taxus chinensis (Taxaceae), Magnolia coriacea, M. grandis (Magnoliaceae), Actinodaphne ellipticibacca, Cinnamomum parthenoxylon, Phoebe macrocarpa (Lauraceae), Mahonia nepalensis (Berberidaceae), Castanopsis cerebrina, Lithocarpus balansae, Quercus platycalyx (Fagaceae), Aucuba japonica (Garryaceae); understorey woody plants include Gomphandra mollis (Stemonuraceae); herbs include Paris polyphylla (Melanthiaceae), Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum, P. micranthum (Orchidaceae), Dysosma difformis (Berberidaceae); vines include Stephania tetrandra, Tinospora sagittata (Menispermaceae), Jasminum elongatum (Oleaceae); epiphytes include Rhaphidophora decursiva (Araceae), Coelogyne lockii, Dendrobium chrysanthum, Eria scabrilinguis (Orchidaceae). Notes: — Gu & Hultgård (2001) indicated considerable morphological variability of Parnassia wightiana manifested, in particular, in differences in leaf shape and flower size between populations from different regions of China. The recently proposed ample synonymy of P. wightiana (Shu et al. 2017, Wang et al. 2018) should also contribute to the variation ranges of its characters. Our study extends further the known morphological diversity of the species, as compared with its earlier published descriptions (Grierson 1987, Gu & Hultgård 2001, Bhaskar & Shinobu 2012). The Vietnamese specimens are remarkable in their numerous (8–10 vs. 2–5) basal leaves with larger number of veins (9–11 vs. 7–9), and larger flower parts, including sepals 10–12 mm (vs. 5–10 mm) long, petals 15–19 mm (vs. 8–15 mm) long, anthers 2.5–3 mm (vs. 1.5–2.5 mm) long. A detailed comparison is presented in Table 1.Published as part of Pham, Ngoc Hoai, Ren, Ming-Xun, Nuraliev, Maxim S., Trinh, Ngoc Bon, Nguyen, Tien Dat, Ragupathi, Gopi & Pham, Van The, 2022, The genus Parnassia in Vietnam, and a checklist of Vietnamese Celastraceae, pp. 213-227 in Phytotaxa 536 (3) on pages 215-217, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.536.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/633184
i4mC-GRU: Identifying DNA N4-Methylcytosine sites in mouse genomes using bidirectional gated recurrent unit and sequence-embedded features
No full textN4-methylcytosine (4mC) is one of the most common DNA methylation modifications found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. Since the 4mC has various essential biological roles, determining its location helps reveal unexplored physiological and pathological pathways. In this study, we propose an effective computational method called i4mC-GRU using a gated recurrent unit and duplet sequence-embedded features to predict potential 4mC sites in mouse (Mus musculus) genomes. To fairly assess the performance of the model, we compared our method with several state-of-the-art methods using two different benchmark datasets. Our results showed that i4mC-GRU achieved area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.97 and 0.89 and area under the precision-recall curve values of 0.98 and 0.90 on the first and second benchmark datasets, respectively. Briefly, our method outperformed existing methods in predicting 4mC sites in mouse genomes. Also, we deployed i4mC-GRU as an online web server, supporting users in genomics studies
Development of a LC Passive Wireless Sensor Utilizing Capacitively Coupled Contactless Detection Structure
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