57 research outputs found
Pengelolaan limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3)
No full textxviii, 205 hlm. : ilus. ; tab. ; 26 cm
Bioremoval of Chromium, Copper and Cadmium by Bacillus cereus in Simulated Electroplating Wastewater
Full text linkHeavy metal pollution is one of environmental problems, which is caused by the discharge of improperly treated industrial wastewater. Electroplating industry generates wastewater containing heavy metals, which include chromium, copper and cadmium. Biological treatment using bacteria has been considered as a new alternative for treatment of heavy metal containing wastewater. The bacteria play an important role in the bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated environment. Bacillus cereus was known as cosmopolitan bacteria with high resistance to pollutants. This study was conducted to measure the viability of two strains of Bacillus cereus in chromium, copper and zinc containing cultures, and the bioremoval efficiencies of the heavy metals.. The bioremoval efficiencies were measured using spectrophotometric method. The bacterial viability was measured according to the Optical Density of the culture. The results showed that both B. cereus strains were viable in culture containing chromium, copper, and cadmium with different concentrations. The highest tolerance of the bacteria was observed in chromium containing culture, where highest chromium bioremoval efficiency of 51.8% was performed by ATCC 9632 strain at chromium concentration of 102.4 mg/L, in varied concentration range up to 360 mg/L. Whereas the highest copper bioremoval efficiency of 100% was achieved in the cultures of B. cereus ATCC 1178 and ATCC 9632 at copper concentration of 2 mg/L in tested concentration range up to 10 mg/L. The highest cadmium bioremoval efficiency of 77% was achieved by ATCC 9632 strain at concentration of 15 mg/L in concentration range up to 25 mg/
Potensi kapang pelapuk putih Phanerochaeta chrysosporium dalam pengolahan limbah industri tekstil
No full textPhanerochaete chrysosporium was known as white rot mold which could biodegrade persistent organic pollutants. In this researchthe ability of the mold in biodegrading textile dye direct orange S and rhemazol yellow, which contained naphtol functional group, wasstudied. This research included characterization of the waste water and determination of optimum concentration of the waste water forbiodegradation. The optimum concentration for biodegradation was determined by measuring the radial growth of the mold in agarmedium containing various concentrations of textile dye. The final stage was the application of the mold for biodegrading the textiledye in aerobic batch reactor using the selected concentration.This research showed that P. chrysosporium could grow satisfactorily in minimum medium containing synthetic textile wastewaterin various concentrations. The highest colour removal efficiency of 93% was achieved in 3 days in the waste water with highest colorintensity (absorbance value l520 = 4.00), and 48% in the waste water with absorbance value l520 = 1.22. COD removal efficiency of87% was achieved within 12 days in the wastewater of 30% concentration, and 83% in the waste water of 100% concentration. The pHvalues decreased to 3.23 in the waste water with lower dye concentration and to 3.42 in the higher color intensity, from the initialvalues of 5.0-6.0. This research concluded that P. chrysosporium was capable to biodegrade naphtol textile dye with reasonably highefficiency
POTENSI KAPANG PELAPUK PUTIH Phanerochaete chrysosporium DALAM PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI TEKSTIL
No full textPhanerochaete chrysosporium was known as white rot mold which could biodegrade persistent organic pollutants. In this research the ability of the mold in biodegrading textile dye direct orange S and rhemazol yellow, which contained naphtol functional group, was studied. This research included characterization of the waste water and determination of optimum concentration of the waste water for biodegradation. The optimum concentration for biodegradation was determined by measuring the radial growth of the mold in agar medium containing various concentrations of textile dye. The final stage was the application of the mold for biodegrading the textile dye in aerobic batch reactor using the selected concentration. This research showed that P. chrysosporium could grow satisfactorily in minimum medium containing synthetic textile wastewater in various concentrations. The highest colour removal efficiency of 93 percent was achieved in 3 days in the waste water with highest color intensity (absorbance value l520 = 4.00), and 48 percent in the waste water with absorbance value l520 = 1.22. COD removal efficiency of 87 percent was achieved within 12 days in the wastewater of 30 percent concentration, and 83 percent in the waste water of 100 percent concentration. The pH values decreased to 3.23 in the waste water with lower dye concentration and to 3.42 in the higher color intensity, from the initial values of 5.0-6.0. This research concluded that P. chrysosporium was capable to biodegrade naphtol textile dye with reasonably high efficiency.</jats:p
Solid Waste Management in Asian Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities
No full textIn developing countries the rapid population, industrialization, urbanization and growth of economic contribute
to increasing solid waste (SW) generation. This paper reviews the existing management of SW and the current
problem of collection, transportation and disposal processes in Asian developing countries. We provide
alternative solutions. SW generation is between 0.4-1.62 kg/capita/day; the composition of biodegradable
organic waste in is range of 42 to 80.2%. The trend of plastic waste continues to increase. The common
problems are: no separation at source, complicated collection processes, open dumped landfill, and no control
of gas emissions and leachate in landfill. Classification of developing countries was based on World Bank
criteria. This paper were reviewing the existing condition and current problems of solid waste management
(SWM) in Asian developing countries, and finding out the alternative solutions to reduce the waste generation.
Solid waste management (SWM) was assessed by mean of technical and social approaches. It was found that
SWM was country specific, and decentralization is the most appropriate management approach
Characteristics of Leachate Generated from Landfill Lysimeter Using Coal Fly Ash As a Landfill Cover Material
No full text
Slaughter house solid waste management in Indonesia
No full textThe solid slaughter house waste (SSW) in Indonesia is generally disposed of into open dumped landfill. This type of solid waste can cause odor and atmospheric pollution if discharged directly into the environment. Additionally, it may spread disease due to the nesting vectors, and the resulting leachate can lead to groundwater contamination. This paper reviews the characterization of slaughter house (SH) types and SSW generation potential and to review the development of treatment technology of SSW and its application. The SH in Indonesia is divided into 3 classes, namely: 1) SH for large and small ruminants; 2) SH for poultry; 3) SH for pigs. Application technologies in Indonesia include compost and biogas technologies, and the use of rumen content for animal feed. Problem in biogas technology is generally caused by the high nitrogen content in the SSW. The most suitable raw material for biogas production is herbivore waste. The main advantages of using SSW for compost production are: the appropriate characteristics for composting process, free of hazardous contaminant, and appropriate composting technologies are available to reduce environmental problems caused by SSW. In addition, rumen content is considered to be a potential alternative for animal feed because have high content of amino acids (approximately 73.4% of the total protein) and rich in vitamin B complex. Among the disadvantages, the composting process of SSW requires long time period and generate air pollutants, such as ammonia and hydrogen sulphide
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