165,867 research outputs found
Anorexia Nervosa, Theory and Treatment: Where Are We 35 Years on from Hilde Bruch's Foundation Lecture?
No full textHilde Bruch's foundation lecture in 1982 is a milestone from which to survey current theory and treatment for anorexia nervosa. Bruch described problems in body perception, emotion processing and interpersonal relationships as core theoretical aspects of the illness and built her theory of psychopathology on these aspects, as well as on animal studies on attachment. She also noted that many psychological problems result as consequence of starvation. In the first part of this paper, we parse Bruch's clinical descriptions into elements of psychopathology (disturbances in body perception, attachment, emotion expression, perception and regulation, social comparison, interpersonal, and family and therapeutic relationships), in order to assemble and update the theoretical evidence for a model of the illness. In the second part, we describe and extend her description of three core targets of treatment: family relationships, patient's inner confusion and nutritional restoration. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association
Treatments in eating disorders: Towards future directions
No full textThe aim of this paper was to present a review of treatments currently available for eating disorders. We review high-quality level evidence-based trials published in the Cochrane Library for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, eating disorders not otherwise specified and binge eating disorder. Cognitive behavioural therapy is the gold standard for the treatment of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Whereas treatments currently available for Anorexia Nervosa appear inadequate. Incorporating the family in treatment is of value for young people. New approaches addressing nutrition, cognitive styles and interpersonal relationships show promising findings in the treatment of these life threatening illnesses
Gut microbiota analyses for sustainable European local porcine breeds: a TREASURE pilot study
No full textThe study of gut microbiota and its effects on hosts has emerged as an essential component of host homeostasisand global efficiency. Besides host’s influence on gut microbiota, major quantitative and qualitative changes mayoccur in the composition of the intestinal microbiota due to the influence of diet and other environmental factors.In accordance with the TREASURE project global aim of enhancing sustainability of production systems for localpig breeds, the objective of our task was to conduct a pilot characterisation of intestinal microbiota in order to testits usefulness to characterize several local European pig populations and their production systems. This approachhas been applied to populations belonging to the following European traditional breeds: Gascon (France), Iberian(Spain), Krskopolje (Slovenia), Mangalitsa (Serbia), Moravka (Serbia) and Turopolje (Croatia). For each breed,faecal samples have been collected along different experiments performed in the TREASURE project targetingthe comprehension of a particular traditional production system (e.g. open-air farming), management practice,or the comparison of breeds. In all experiments, the metagenomics technique employed is the re-sequencing ofthe bacterial 16S in an Illumina MiSeq system. Overall, the results have shown that the gut microbiota analysis isa promising approach for the characterisation of these local breeds, by allowing a deeper understanding of theirproduction systems and potentially allowing the development of new certification approaches. Preliminary resultswill be summarized in this communication. Funded by European Union’s H2020 RIA program (Grant agreementno. 634476)
11055: J. B. Treasure - Mentioned in Despatches
No full textJ. B. Treasure was in the Royal Field Artillery (YF), A/Bomdr. In the 240th (S Mid) Brigade. He was mentioned in despatches four times, each time his cheerful disposition and energy were mentioned, an example to all.</p
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
The effects of negative and positive mood induction on eating behaviour: A meta-analysis of laboratory studies in the healthy population and eating and weight disorders
No full textObjective: The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify the effect of induced negative and positive mood on meal consumption in healthy participants and patients with eating and weight disorders. Method: The search term "MOOD" was combined with the following keywords: "TEST MEAL" or "LABORATORY FEEDING" or "LABORATORY MEAL" or "TASTE TEST" or "TASTE TASK" to identify the relevant studies. Results: Thirty-three studies were selected, including 2491 participants. Two meta-analyses compared negative mood or positive mood with neutral mood. Induced negative mood was significantly associated with greater food intake, especially in restrained eaters and binge eaters. Positive mood was also associated with greater caloric intake across groups. Conclusion: These findings support the causal relationship between negative mood and greater food intake, especially in restrained eaters and binge eaters. Preliminary evidence indicates that strategies to improve positive mood might be of benefit for people with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, although the size of the effect across a single meal is small
The use of guided self-help incorporating a mobile component in people with eating disorders: A pilot study
No full textObjective: The aim of this pilot study was to test the acceptability and benefit of a guided self-help intervention incorporating a mobile component in eating disorders (EDs). Method Eighteen people with Anorexia Nervosa and eleven people with Bulimia Nervosa were included in the study for 3 weeks and self-report and behavioural assessments were made before and after the intervention which included 10 video clips, a manual, and limited guidance. Results: The most reported positive comment associated with the use of the vodcasts was the increased awareness about the illness. Adherence was good (29/31 subjects completed). A medium sized increase in Body Mass Index was found in participants with Anorexia Nervosa, and significantly lowered EDs and mood symptoms (effect size range = 0.72/1.35), and improvement in cognitive flexibility were reported post-intervention. Discussion: A guided self-help intervention incorporating a mobile component was both acceptable and associated with symptom change in people with EDs. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association
Eating in eating disorders
No full textThe aim of this paper is to bring eating back into the centre of the eating disorder discourse. The ability to interrogate and understand the central processes of appetite has increased considerably since the discovery of leptin and the ability to observe brain function with scanning methodologies. This has led to substantial progress in understanding the biological causative and maintaining factors in eating disorders, opening up the possibility of translating the latest findings into new forms of treatment. The biological mechanisms underpinning symptoms evolution and course of illness will first be described, follows by a discussion on integrating the research evidence in fear and feeding into patient care. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association
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