1,720,982 research outputs found
Migrants’ health in Italy: do the union status and the partner's nationality matter?
Full text linkBeing in a romantic union is consistently found to be associated with better health, both because of selection mechanisms and due to virtuous (i.e., healthy) behaviours of coupled individuals. However, the relationship between union status and health status has received considerably less attention among migrant populations, and, to the best of our knowledge, it has never been analysed in Italy. This study aims to fill this gap in the literature, moving one step further: we also explore whether having a partner of migrant or native origin influences migrants’ health. Results suggest that migrants in a romantic union have lower risks of experiencing mental health issues, and female migrants fare better in terms of selfrated health and mental health when their partner is of native origin rather than a migrant themselve
Le condizioni di salute e l'accesso ai servizi sanitari: un panorama in evoluzione
No full textIl fenomeno della migrazione è sempre più strutturale alla nostra società, studiare la salute dei migranti sta diventando sempre più importante. L'accesso alla cura non è meno importante dell'istruzione o della condizione abitativa, ma può essere considerato come una proxy di integrazione. All'arrivo i migranti presentano una condizione di salute migliore rispetto agli italiani, effetto del migrante sano, ma questo vantaggio di salute si perde con il passare del tempo. Oltre alla selezione, ci sono altri fattori, chiamati anche barriere, che influenzano l'utilizzo dei servizi sanitari da parte di queste popolazioni più svantaggiate: barriere burocratiche, linguistiche, economiche ed organizzative. Sono necessarie politiche idonee ad affrontare questa questione per cercare di ridurre almeno in parte questo gap al fine di rispondere ai bisogni specifici di queste popolazioni
Ageing and health in Italy: where are we going?
No full textWhile life expectancy is constantly increasing in all European Countries, studies in disability trends have not shown such clear improvement, resulting in increases, decreases or stagnation in disability prevalence over time, and the debate on health expectancies of European populations is still open. The actual economic crisis has added further substance to this debate, and most studies focusing on this issue show how the effects of the crisis may differently affect the health behaviours of populations. This study is aimed to contribute to this debate, by estimating the health expectancy of the population aged 60 years and over in Italy in 2008-2009 and 2012-2013. The analysis is based on longitudinal data from the Statistic on Income and Living Conditions -SILC survey, and follows a multi-state table approach. Results are consistent with the literature : in both period women live longer than men but they show longer life expectancy with disability. Despite the economic downturn, globally we found no evidence of a general deterioration of health status; but in 2012-13 results show a relative deterioration of the health status of women in respect to men. The added value of this study is to exploit for the first time in Italy the information on health provided by the Italian SILC longitudinal component
The academic performance of students with a migrant background: evidence from a cohort enrolled at Sapienza University of Rome
Full text linkThis study investigates the demographic characteristics and academic performances of
foreign students with an Italian educational background in a cohort of 1st-year Bachelor
students enrolled at Sapienza University of Rome, in the a.y. 2012/2013, comparing
them to Italian and to International students. First, we employed a discrete-time competing
risk hazard model to analyse differences in academic performances between
Italian, foreign students with an Italian educational background and foreign students
with a foreign educational background. Second, we applied regression trees to investigate
final grades and the time-to-degree completion of Bachelor’s degree holders.
Results show differences in the academic performances of foreign students with an
Italian educational background compared to Italian students. Policies are needed,
these results suggest, that strengthen opportunities for students from a migrant background
since high school
Migrants’ health and mortality. Evidence from the italian context
Full text linkMigration represents a challenge for every European country as the continent shifts towards a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural reality. Health particularly plays an important role in migrant integration. Italy was a late-comer to the club of European immigration countries. The country has experienced, in the last years, a rapid increase in migrant numbers, reaching more than five million in 2019. Thus, promoting health and improving health programming, both at the national and at the local level, requires a complex strategy. Evidence on migrant health and on the effect of migration on health, healthcare use and mortality is, unfortunately, limited and recent for Italy. The present thesis aims to analyse migrant health issues from a holistic point of view. To accomplish this aim, the first chapter, performing a cross-sectional study at national level and using survey data, is the first study in Italy to examine gendered health disparities between natives and migrants by duration of stay. In the second chapter, using an eleven-year longitudinal study and administrative data for all residents in Rome, the goal is to provide new evidence on the migrant healthcare use, analysing differences between Italians and migrants in the Emergency Department usage rates by comparing the pre-2008 and the post-2008 time-periods. Finally, the last contribution of this thesis regards migrant mortality. Adopting a longitudinal cohort approach, the study analyses, first, mortality differences between Italians and migrants residing in Rome and mortality changes before and during the Great Recession. Second, it analyses mortality variations among birth-cohorts to examine whether the migrant mortality advantage is verified across all birth-cohorts. This thesis belongs to the classic tradition of demographic studies that looks at the micro-level, in this case examining the association between migrant status and health, healthcare use and mortality. By using survey data and administrative data and by filling some gaps in the research on the relationship between migration and health, the present study shows that migrant health and mortality are changing, with significant differences in terms of gender and origin area. Results yield important findings which underscore the complexity of the relationship between migration and health, results which might help improve or develop health policy for migrants
Il contributo degli immigrati alla natalità nel Lazio: analisi provinciale dal 2002 al 2018
No full textAll’interno del dibattito demografico e politico sulle migrazioni in Italia, il tema della fecondità degli immigrati ha sempre suscitato notevole interesse, specialmente in relazione al calo delle nascite che il nostro Paese sta sperimentando da più di dieci anni. In questo articolo, si analizzano i dati dell'Istat sulle nascite da cittadini italiani e stranieri nel Lazio e nelle sue singole province, per capire come stiano evolvendo le dinamiche di fecondità all’interno della regione. I risultati mostrano che i cittadini stranieri residenti nel Lazio fanno sempre meno figli ormai da almeno dieci anni. La ricerca demografica ci dice che le ragioni sono da ricercare in una molteplicità di fattori, dalla crisi economica al cambiamento della composizione dei flussi migratori verso il nostro Paese. Allo stesso tempo, però, fanno meno figli anche i cittadini italiani, e il calo delle nascite caratterizza anche il Lazio e le sue province da ormai più di un decennio. In un simile contesto di bassissima fecondità dei cittadini italiani, la diminuzione del tasso di fecondità degli stranieri – misura in parte viziata dagli errori di registrazione della popolazione straniera descritti precedentemente – non basta a ridimensionare il contributo significativo che questi danno al numero totale delle nascite. Malgrado sia in continua diminuzione, il tasso di fecondità degli stranieri si mantiene visibilmente al di sopra di quello dei cittadini italiani, e questo fattore, unitamente all’aumento costante della presenza straniera nel nostro Paese e soprattutto nel Lazio, fa sì che il contributo degli stranieri alla fecondità totale assuma dimensioni sempre crescenti
La salute riproduttiva delle donne straniere: il caso dell'Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Roma
No full textLa salute riproduttiva costituisce un indicatore importante del livello di salute e del grado di sviluppo di una popolazione. Sono diversi i fattori che condizionano l'acceso alle cure da parte delle donne immigrata: la sussistenza del diritto all'accesso; la consapevolezza di questo diritto; l'effettivo esercizio del diritto. Questo studio analizza la situazione delle donne immigrate a Roma, prendendo in riferimento una realtà specifica l'Ospedale Fatebenefratelli di Roma, secondo ospedale per numero di nascite. I risultati mostrano che le madri straniere sono più giovani rispetto alle italiane, inoltre registrano esiti di gravidanza peggiori rispetto alle native. E' sempre più evidente l'opportunità di ripensare l'organizzazione dei servizi tenendo conto della complessità dei percorsi di vita, facilitando i percorsi attraverso la semplificazione degli accessi ai servizi
Disability trends among Italian adult population: a multistate approach
No full textWhile life expectancy continues to increase in Europe, studies in disability trends have not shown such a clear improvement, resulting in increases, decreases or stagnation in disability prevalence over time, and the debate on health expectancies of European populations is still open. The economic crisis has further complicated this debate and most studies show how the effects of the crisis may affect the health behaviours of populations differently. Few studies on health expectancy have been conducted on the national scale in Italy using the longitudinal approach, mainly due to the lack of a national longitudinal survey on health. The MEHM included in the longitudinal component of SILC gives the opportunity to test this approach in the Italian context. The aim of this study is to estimate the trends in disability at 40 years and over of the Italian population, following a longitudinal approach and using the software IMaCh. Results are consistent with the literature, and backward prevalences computed by the new version of IMaCh (0.99) let us verify that the pattern of a reduced prevalence of disability for younger adults was very typical to specific subgroups, and for many years, but it will disappear in the near future
Mortality differences between migrants and Italians residing in Rome before, during, and in the aftermath of the great recession. A longitudinal cohort study from 2001 to 2015
Full text linkBackground: In Europe, one of the most consistent findings is that of migrant mortality advantage in high-income
countries. Furthermore, the literature shows that economic shocks, which bring worse health outcomes, can
severely affect the most disadvantaged individuals. We analyse differences and changes in all-cause mortality
between Italians and migrants residing in Rome before, during, and in the aftermath of the Great Recession (2001–
2015) by birth-cohort.
Methods: The analysis is a longitudinal open cohort study. Mortality data come from the Register of the Causes of
Death (58,637 deaths) and the population denominator (n = 2,454,410) comes from the Municipal Register of Rome. By
comparing three time-periods (2001–2005, 2006–2010, and 2011–2015), we analyse all-cause mortality of Rome
residents born, respectively, in the intervals 1937–1976, 1942–1981, 1947–1986 (aged 25–64 years at entry into
observation). Computing birth-cohort-specific death rates and applying parametric survival models with age as the
time-scale, we compare mortality differences between migrants and Italians by gender, area of origin, and time-period.
Results: Overall, we find a lower risk of dying for migrants than Italians regardless of gender (Women: HR = 0.61, 95%
CI 0.56–0.66; Men: HR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.45–0.53), and a lower death risk over time for the total population. Nevertheless,
such a pattern changes according to gender and migrants’ area of origin.
Conclusion: Given the relevance of international migrations in Europe, studying migrants’ health has proved
increasingly important. The deterioration in migrant health and the gradual weakening of migrants’ mortality
advantage is likely to become a public health issue with important consequences for the healthcare system of all
European countries
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