80 research outputs found
Investment, Hysteresis, and Layers of Techniques: A Case Study of Agricultural Manufacturing Machinery in Multan Division
No full textThe behaviour of firms is still a little understood matter. Why one firm or industry is investing more than the other or what makes a firm enter or exit from the market, what are the psychological factors that go to make a choice of this kind are questions that have not been answered satisfactorily. Concepts like irreversibility, uncertainty, investment, and the value of waiting are very much there in the literature, e.g., McDonald and Siegel (1985, 1986); Nickell (1974); Schmalensee (1972); Hartman (1972); Henry (1974) and LAM (1989) and others. But the psychology of decision-making on the face of losses has not received much attention in the literature. That the Economic Hysteresis1 and Layers of Techniques2, developed by Professor A. Dixit and Professor P. N. Mathur respectively tackle.
Impact of Village-specific, Household-specific, and Technological Variables on Poverty in Punjab
No full textRural poverty remains a serious problem in Pakistan, with more than 30 percent of rural population living in absolute poverty. In rural Pakistan there is a big gap between rich and the poor. While the stake of competition for position and status concerns the rich, the struggle for survival in the midst of increasing crises embarrasses the poor. The rural poor—the pauperised class—are week and powerless with inadequate command over resources relative to needs. In fact, the polarisation process which is making the rich richer and poor poorer is a consequence of poverty. Neither the poor nor the outside well wishers have the power to break the vicious deprivation trap. It is consensus that rural social structure is responsible for rural underdevelopment. A number of attempts can be seen in the literature having discussed the different dimensions of the above phenomenon related to developing economies in general and to Pakistan in particular, The present study is the continuity of the above efforts. However, this study discusses the enigma of poverty based on a village study. Within above setting, a village survey has been conducted in the Southern Punjab. The study analyses the determinants of rural poverty in the above village and its relation with productive assets, tools and instruments, gender, rural employment, household size, earner size, education level, etc. The analysis explicitly takes into account such attributes as the village specific, household specific and technological variables.
Investment, Hysteresis, and Layers of Techniques: A Case Study of Agricultural Manufacturing Machinery in Multan Division
No full textThe behaviour of firms is still a little understood matter.
Why one firm or industry is investing more than the other or what makes
a firm enter or exit from the market, what are the psychological factors
that go to make a choice of this kind are questions that have not been
answered satisfactorily. Concepts like irreversibility, uncertainty,
investment, and the value of waiting are very much there in the
literature, e.g., McDonald and Siegel (1985, 1986); Nickell (1974);
Schmalensee (1972); Hartman (1972); Henry (1974) and LAM (1989) and
others. But the psychology of decision-making on the face of losses has
not received much attention in the literature. That the Economic
Hysteresis1 and Layers of Techniques2, developed by Professor A. Dixit
and Professor P. N. Mathur respectively tackle. The former is discussed
by Pindyck (1988, 1991, 1992) and Dixit (1989, 1989a, 1991, 1992); while
Mathur (1977, 1989, 1990); Law and Azid (1993); Azid and Ghosh (1998)
and Rashid (1989,1989a) have discussed the latter
Management of Energy Recourses, Marginal Input-Output Coefficients, and Layers of Techniques: A Case Study of US Chemical Industry
No full textPoverty, Female Labour Force Participation, and Cottage Industry: A Case Study of Cloth Embroidery in Rural Multan
No full textIt is a well-known fact that cottage industries can play a significant role in the development of an economy like Pakistan. As it is observed that this industry is not required too much financing, imported and highly sophisticated technology. So the problems like deficit in public finance and balance of payments is not related with the growth and development of these industries. Simultaneously, high degree of female labour force participation in this sector has also been proved in the number of studies. Which seems to be helpful in the process of reduction of poverty especially in the rural areas. The Southern Punjab especially its rural areas are comparatively less prosperous than the other parts of Punjab. A number of female workers can be seen in the rural areas of Southern Punjab. The concentration of these workers is in few traditional areas and is characterised by the low technology and low production levels. These areas are typically those, which require skills that are basically the extension of household skills or which reflect a specific educational and employment experience of women. It has also been observed that women’s income of the rural areas of Southern Punjab are more likely than their male partners to go towards meeting their family’s basic needs. These women spent most of their business income on the households, food, clothing and education of their children rather than reinvesting it in their business.
Transfer of Technology: Competition or Cooperation
No full textLooking at an economy as consisting of several layers of
techniques gives us a way to spell out the implications of macroeconomic
situations to micro levels. For instance, if macroeconomic consideration
point to reducing total employment, a map of the layers of techniques of
the economy should be able to pinpoint the firms of different regions
that are likely to be effected. In such cases, to be able to delineate
the effects of extra final demand of the new investment on the
production and employment in the economy, we require best input-output
and labour coefficients instead of the average ones that are at present
computed worldwide. Similarly, for capacities going out of production
either because of the lack of demand, or obsolescence, we want to have
the knowledge of the least efficient techniques of production for
finding out their economic implications [Azid (2002)]
Women's rights: the Qur'anic ideals and contemporary realities
No full textThis chapter studied the rights of women in Islam in comparison with the status of women in the contemporary Muslim world
Did They Do It Differently? Capital Structure Choices of Public and Private Sectors in Pakistan
No full text[Tablón de Anuncios Biblioteca AECID]. Novedades Biblioteca Islámica: Monetary policy, Islamic finance, and Islamic corporate governance: an international overview
No full textMonetary policy, Islamic finance, and Islamic corporate governance: an international overview (edited by Toseef Azid, Murniati Mukhlisin, Nashr Akbar and Muhammad Tahir; Emerald Publising, cop. 2021). Signatura 4-69278
Attitude towards Interest-free Financing among Small Traders and Farmers in Multan
No full textIt is frequently asked whether the modern economy can function without interest. This question has acquired some urgency in wake of the recent ruling of Supreme Court banning interest in Pakistan. In this respect every expert has his own opinion. Some pronounced that great harm will result from the banning of interest. Others have the opinion that such pronouncement is based on lack of understanding of the modern economic system, as well as the nature of the Islamic prohibition of interest. However, the banning of the rate of interest has affect on the economic activity, i. e. especially on the small traders and farmers. It is commonly argued that this change in capital market has two important effects on the economy. It increased the capital supply while price reduces, thus improving efficiency. And it makes also possible to produce more with relatively less cost, thus has positive effect on the growth of the economy.
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