1,720,993 research outputs found
Apie kai kurias istorijos mokslo disertacijas, skirtas lietuvių tautiniam judėjimui, apgintas užsienio mokslo įstaigose: Tomo Balkelio (2009) ir Audronės Janužytės (2005) darbai ir jų kontekstas : recenzija
No full textReikšminiai žodžiai: Tomas Balkelis; Audronė Janužytė; Tautinis judėjimas; Tomas Balkelis; Audronė Janužytė; Lithuanian national movemen
From Defence to Revolution: Lithuanian Paramilitary Groups in 1918 and 1919
No full textThe article explores various linkages between the violence of the Great War and the postwar conflict in independent Lithuania. The author focuses on several key Lithuanian paramilitary groups that emerged as a result of the collapse of the German occupying regime, the Bolshevik advance, and the ensuing power struggle in 1918 and 1919. It explores their grassroots origins, their motivation to fight, and their role in processes of forming a community, and state and nation-building. The author argues that these armed paramilitary formations contributed to the militarisation of the country’s civilian life. Having emerged in the contested peripheral regions of Lithuania, they were led by veterans of the Great War acting as independent warlords. Besides providing security for local people, these formations occasionally engaged in terror against civilians who were perceived as harmful elements that had to be purged from local communities. These paramilitary formations also showed a degree of operational freedom, by controlling certain peripheral regions for considerable periods of time. But the state was able to share its monopoly on legal violence with them only for as long as its own survival required the mobilisation of all economic and human resources for the war
Call for Papers: Remembrance of the First World War in Interwar Europe. In search for new analytical categories
No full textDeadline: November 30, 2016 International Conference, Thomas Mann Cultural Centre in Nida, 21.09.2017 - 24.09.2017 Conveners: Dr. Tomas Balkelis (Center for Russian, East European and Eurasian Studies, Stanford University, United States), Prof. Dr. Ruth Leiserowitz (German Historical Institute in Warsaw, Poland), Dr. Klaus Richter (School of History and Cultures, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom), Prof. Dr. Vasilijus Safronovas (Institute of Baltic Region History and Archaeology,..
Call for Papers: Remembrance of the First World War in Interwar Europe. In search for new analytical categories
No full textDeadline: November 30, 2016 International Conference, Thomas Mann Cultural Centre in Nida, 21.09.2017 - 24.09.2017 Conveners: Dr. Tomas Balkelis (Center for Russian, East European and Eurasian Studies, Stanford University, United States), Prof. Dr. Ruth Leiserowitz (German Historical Institute in Warsaw, Poland), Dr. Klaus Richter (School of History and Cultures, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom), Prof. Dr. Vasilijus Safronovas (Institute of Baltic Region History and Archaeology,..
The Art of Identity and Memory: Toward a Cultural History of the Two World Wars in Lithuania, eds. Giedrė Jankevičiūtė and Rasutė Žukienė, Boston: Academic Studies Press, 2016. 326 p. ISBN 978-161-8115-07-2
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Home Front
No full textThis chapter discusses the militarization of Lithuanian society, most evident in the emergence of a mass paramilitary movement that developed from a small group of the local intelligentsia based in Kaunas. The paramilitary Riflemen Union of Lithuania (šauliai) played a significant military role in helping to contain Lithuania’s foes, providing security inside the country and mobilizing the civilian population for the cause of independence. It also explores several key events that were used as mobilizing moments and helped to create the home front: the putsch of the Polish Military Organization in 1919 and a soldiers’ revolt in 1920 that took place in government-controlled territory.</p
Introduction
No full textThe introduction sets a thematic and historiographical framework for the study of the continuous military violence in Lithuania from 1914 to 1923, its offshoots social disaster, state failure, revolution, mass mobilizations, paramilitarism, and their impact on nation-making and identity formation during the post-World War I period. It posits a general question: what is the relationship between nation-making and war violence? It provides a brief overview of key events and historical developments in the Lithuanian–Polish borderland from the Great War to the end of the Polish–Lithuanian War and explains the roots of the post-war conflict. It also discusses major historiographical debates on the impact of the Russian revolution and the Great War on the post-World War I order in Eastern Europe and different types of violence that were common to the region.</p
New War, New Mobilizations
No full textThis chapter focuses on the new military conflict that erupted in Lithuania as a result of the German withdrawal and the advance of the Red Army in late 1918. A typical feature of this conflict was the emergence of various paramilitary formations. Yet, in a matter of a few months these paramilitary troops were able to develop into regular armies. As they acquired more efficient command structures, manpower, and armaments, the volunteers, which made them up initially, soon were replaced with conscripts. The Great War veterans, POWs, and refugees played an especially significant role in this new war as their demobilization from imperial Russian and German armies and repatriation were followed by their almost simultaneous remobilization into these various paramilitary formations.</p
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