3,048 research outputs found
Applying composite performance measures to trauma care
No full textCameron D. Willis, Johannes U. Stoelwinder, Fiona E. Lecky, Maralyn Woodford, Tom Jenks, Omar Bouamra and Peter A. Camero
On the structural origin of free volume in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquid mixtures: A SAXS and 129 Xe NMR study
No full textIonic liquid (IL) mixtures enable the design of fluids with finely tuned structural and physicochemical properties for myriad applications. In order to rationally develop and design IL mixtures with the desired properties, a thorough understanding of the structural origins of their physicochemical properties and the thermodynamics of mixing needs to be developed. To elucidate the structural origins of the excess molar volume within IL mixtures containing ions with different alkyl chain lengths, 3 IL mixtures containing 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ILs have been explored in a joint small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and 129 Xe NMR study. The apolar domains of the IL mixtures were shown to possess similar dimensions to the largest alkyl chain of the mixture with the size evolution determined by whether the shorter alkyl chain was able to interact with the apolar domain. 129 Xe NMR results illustrated that the origin of excess molar volume in these mixtures was due to fluctuations within these apolar domains arising from alkyl chain mismatch, with the formation of a greater number of smaller voids within the IL structure. These results indicate that free volume effects for these types of mixtures can be predicted from simple considerations of IL structure and that the structural basis for the formation of excess molar volume in these mixtures is substantially different to IL mixtures formed of different types of ions
Redescription of Troticus ovalis (Fahringer) comb. nov., its first host record and a note on T. melamopterus Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae)
No full textDisophrys ovalis Fahringer, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) from Egypt is redescribed and transferred to the genus Troticus Brullé, 1846 (comb. nov.) with Disophrys aegyptiaca Fahringer, 1937, as its junior synonym (syn. nov.). For the first time a reliable host record for the genus and for T. ovalis is given. The holotype of Troticus melamopterus Cameron, 1903 has been examined by the first author and is transferred to the genus Cremnops Foerster, 1862 (C. melamopterus Cameron, 1903 comb. nov.)
Distribution and evolution of starspots on the RS CVn binary II Pegasi in 2004
No full textThis work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China through grants Nos. 10373023, 10773027 and 11333006, Chinese Academy of Sciences through project KJCX2-YW-T24.We present Doppler images of RS CVn-type binary II Peg based on two data sets obtained in 2004 February and November. In order to improve signal-to-noise ratio and reliability,we apply least-squares deconvolution technique to calculate average profiles from 2032 photospheric absorption lines. Both of the resulting surface images show a wide latitude distribution of starspots. Most spots are concentrated at a high-latitude belt above 60° and a low-latitude belt near equator. The starspots evolved dramatically between two observing runs, which may indicate shorter time-scale evolution in this epoch, especially for low-latitude belt. There is no stable preferred active longitude that can be found in our images. We also find out a possible phenomenon that the intermediate-latitude spot migrated poleward and merged with the high-latitude spot to make it stronger, which may reveal a more complex behaviour of starspots on II Peg. A potential change of orbital ephemeris zero-point was detected. This may imply an orbital period change of II Peg like other active close binaries.Peer reviewe
Dynamics of plane partitions: Proof of the Cameron and Fon-Der-Flaass conjecture
No full textOne of the oldest outstanding problems in dynamical algebraic combinatorics is the following conjecture of P. Cameron and D. Fon-Der-Flaass (1995): consider a plane partition P in an box . Let denote the smallest plane partition containing the minimal elements of . Then if is prime, Cameron and Fon-Der-Flaass conjectured that the cardinality of the -orbit of P is always a multiple of p. This conjecture was established for by Cameron and Fon-Der-Flaass (1995) and for slightly smaller values of p in work of K. Dilks, J. Striker and the second author (2017). Our main theorem specializes to prove this conjecture in full generality
Specific PKC isoforms regulate blastocoel formation during mouse preimplantation development preimplantation development
No full textDuring early mammalian development, blastocyst morphogenesis is achieved by epithelial differentiation of trophectoderm (TE) and its segregation from the inner cell mass (ICM). Two major interrelated features of TE differentiation required for blastocoel formation include intercellular junction biogenesis and a directed ion transport system, mediated by Na+/K+ ATPase. We have examined the relative contribution of intercellular signalling mediated by protein kinase C (PKC) and gap junctional communication in TE differentiation and blastocyst cavitation. The distribution pattern of four (y, u, L/E, ~) PKC isoforms and PKCA/PKD1 showed partial colocalisation with the tight junction marker ZO-1a+ in TE and all four PKCs (y, u, L/E, ~) showed distinct TE/ICM staining patterns (predominantly at the cell membrane within the TE and cytoplasmic within the ICM), indicating their potential contribution to TE differentiation and blastocystmorphogenesis. Specific inhibition of PKCy and ~ activity significantly delayed blastocyst formation. Although modulation of these PKCisoforms failed to influence the already established programme of epithelial junctional differentiation within the TE, Na+/K+ ATPase a1 subunit was internalised from membrane to cytoplasm. Inhibition of gap junctional communication, in contrast, had no influence on any of these processes. Our results demonstrate for the first time that distinct PKC isotypes contribute to the regulation of cavitation in preimplantation embryos via target proteins including Na+/K+ ATPase
Nomenclature notes: John J. Cameron to Horace Kephart
No full textThis 1931 correspondence, from John J. Cameron to Horace Kephart, concerns the nomenclature of the Appalachian mountains. Horace Kephart (1862-1931) was a noted naturalist, woodsman, journalist, and author and promoter of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.f COPY)
UIUfEl) S1'A.;::» GEOGRAPHIC BOAHD
WASHIISGTOB
March 9,1931.
Irr. Horace Kephart,
Bryson C'..ty,Borth Carolina.
; aear Mr. Kephart:
I thank you for four lot tor of March 5.
I an sorry to hear that yon. were do m with the ' "flu",hut
hop© that this Iftftter will 4't. - active a* ov-r.
* board I "-t yet received a copy of your letter
relative to the Great Smoky Mountains, which you have turned
over to llr. vara* Rhode*, teatlYt tareftary of the Borth ■
Carolina Park Commission.
At your convenience, 1 would like to have you send me a
copy of'that letter. -
a
I note your v to to* Incluaioa of the Max Patch
segment with the Great Smoky Mountains. Incidentally, t. -..
a different* among the authorities whom we consulted on this
point.
Th-! revision of local names on the Borth Carolina part
of the Great Smoky Mountains Batiocal Park is certainly
"big undertaking. I can readily understand that there Is much
duplication and reduplication. The state of Berth Carolina
Is to be congratulated that the revision of such names is
being carrlad or? by one who has such a gr*aft love and intimate
knowledge of the region in question.
She board at its last mooting adopted the suggestion of
the ' l.ttee of Borth Caroline and Tennesoee
relative to the transfer of the names Mount Kephart and Mount
Collins, baft *11 B stipulation that the amm Kephart would
not again be disturbed.
I than;?: you for your offer of further cooperation,which
I shall avail my*ftlf of when n**e*sary#
The board "-111 be pleased if ever it can be of service
to you.
Sincerely,
(Signed) John J.Cameron,
ecretary
Microstructural damage sensitivity prediction using spatial statistics
No full text© 2019, The Author(s). The vast compositional space of metallic materials provides ample opportunity to design stronger, more ductile and cheaper alloys. However, the substantial complexity of deformation micro-mechanisms makes simulation-based prediction of microstructural performance exceedingly difficult. In absence of predictive tools, tedious experiments have to be conducted to screen properties. Here, we develop a purely empirical model to forecast microstructural performance in advance, bypassing these challenges. This is achieved by combining in situ deformation experiments with a novel methodology that utilizes n-point statistics and principle component analysis to extract key microstructural features. We demonstrate this approach by predicting crack nucleation in a complex dual-phase steel, achieving substantial predictive ability (84.8% of microstructures predicted to crack, actually crack), a substantial improvement upon the alternate simulation-based approaches. This significant accuracy illustrates the utility of this alternate approach and opens the door to a wide range of alloy design tools
PKC signalling regulates tight junction membrane assembly in the pre-implantation mouse embryo
No full textEpithelial differentiation including tight junction (TJ) formation occurs exclusively within the trophectoderm (TE) lineage of the mouse blastocyst. Here we examine mechanisms by which TJ protein membrane assembly might be regulated by protein kinase C (PKC) in the embryo. To overcome the inherent staging asynchrony of individual blastomeres within intact embryos, we have used isolated inner cell masses (ICMs) from early blastocysts to induce epithelial differentiation in their outer cells responding to their new cell contact pattern. Two TJ proteins examined retain their order of membrane assembly in isolated ICMs in culture as during normal development (early-assembling ZO-2 and late-assembling ZO-1{alpha}+), but this process is highly accelerated. Using six chemical modulators of PKC activity, we show here that PKC signalling is involved in the regulation of TJ membrane assembly. While indolactam-mediated PKC activation stimulates membrane assembly of both TJ proteins, TPA-mediated PKC activation stimulates only that of ZO-1{alpha}+. The PKC inhibitors Ro-31-8220, Ro-31-8425 and Gö 6983 suppress the stimulatory effect of both PKC activators on membrane assembly to varying extents according to inhibitor and TJ protein examined. Gö 6983 similarly inhibits ZO-2 and ZO-1{alpha}+ membrane assembly. PKC inhibition by Gö 6976 appeared to stimulate TJ membrane assembly. Despite the broad PKC isotype specificity of the inhibitors used, these data suggest that the two TJ proteins are differently regulated by PKC isotypes or subfamilies. As Gö 6983 uniquely affects aPKC (particularly PKC{zeta}) and we find that both PKC{delta} and {zeta} relocate upon activator treatment to colocalise partially with the TJ proteins in isolated ICMs, we suggest that at least PKC{delta} and {zeta} may play a central role in regulating TJ membrane assembly
Redescription of Troticus ovalis (Fahringer) comb. nov., its first host record and a note on T. melamopterus Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae)
No full textDisophrys ovalis Fahringer, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) from Egypt is redescribed and transferred to the genus Troticus Brullé, 1846 (comb. nov.) with Disophrys aegyptiaca Fahringer, 1937, as its junior synonym (syn. nov.). For the first time a reliable host record for the genus and for T. ovalis is given. The holotype of Troticus melamopterus Cameron, 1903 has been examined by the first author and is transferred to the genus Cremnops Foerster, 1862 (C. melamopterus Cameron, 1903 comb. nov.)
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