122 research outputs found
Current Account Imbalances Within the Eurozone
No full textWidening Current Account imbalances were a key feature of the run-up to the global financial crisis. Within the European Monetary Union, large surpluses and deficits emerged among member countries. The imbalances were initially viewed as evidence of the success of the Euro, but they continued to grow and contributed to the recent financial crisis. The problem of imbalances is still with us today and could hamper future growth in the deficit countries
Organochlorines and mercury in Peregrine Falcon eggs from western North Carolina
No full textVolume: 32Start Page: 251End Page: 25
Factors affecting the phenologies of life history traits in two summer annual plant species
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine the potential for natural selection to effect evolutionary change in the phenologies of life history events. Three studies were undertaken to document the amount of phenotypic variation in the phenologies of life history traits, the degree to which selection is acting on these phenologies, and the heritable basis of and genetic correlations among life history and morphological traits.First, results of a greenhouse experiment for Lobelia inflata showed that individuals watered more frequently attained greater size and flowered earlier than those in all other treatments. Offspring of one maternal parent flowered earlier than offspring of five other maternal parents tested. In the field, as in the greenhouse, plant size was negatively correlated with number of flowers produced. In turn, plants which flowered early, relative to other individuals, matured their fruit early.Second, for Chamaecrista fasciculata, another summer annual, field observations of two populations during two years showed that selection on any one trait varied both spatially, between populations, and temporally, between years. In addition, phenologies of life history events, i.e. time of emergence, flowering and fruit maturation, were correlated among themselves. Indirect effects of selection caused changes in means and variances of life history traits such as time of emergence, flowering and fruit maturation, not under direct selection, but which were correlated with morphological traits under direct selection.Third, for C. fasciculata, a partial diallel breeding design showed that paternal half-sib estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations were low or non-significant for plant size, phenologies of life history events and fitness components. In contrast, maternal hal-sib estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations were high and significant for phenologies of life history events, but not for plant size or fitness components.The overall conclusion of this work is that although phenotypic selection can act on the phenologies of life history events in the field, there is little or no additive variance at the genetic level for response to this selection. Thus, life history and morphological traits are plastic for these two summer annuals and can be influenced by resource levels and maternal effects.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:07:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1991Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:36:59Z
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The importance of cotyledon functional morphology and patterns of seed reserve utilization for the physiological ecology of neotropical tree seedlings
No full textSeed mass, resource makeup of seed, and functional morphology of cotyledons are three traits that together determine patterns of seed reserve utilization by seedlings during their critical establishment stage. The main objective of this thesis is to examine how these traits differentiate the patterns of seedling growth among tree species found in the tropical moist forest on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Among epigeal phanerocotylar species, photosynthetic capacity per unit cotyledon mass is linearly related to the reciprocal of cotyledon thickness. The relative balance of the dual functions of cotyledons, export of seed reserves vs. photosynthesis, can be estimated by whether cotyledons are free of the seed coat and how thick they are. The larger the cotyledon photosynthetic capacity of a species, the earlier its seedling growth starts to depend on the external light availability. Overall, species with smaller seeds develop cotyledons with a larger photosynthetic capacity. Concentrations of energy and nitrogen reserves in seeds vary up to three fold among species and are independent of total seed mass or cotyledon functional morphology. Species with higher energy concentration in seeds transform a unit of seed mass into greater seedling mass during the initial development in shade, while species with higher nitrogen concentration in seeds depend exclusively on seed nitrogen reserves for a longer period. In all species, dependency on external sources starts earlier for energy (7-16 d) than for nitrogen (14-40 d). Almost all species exhibit phenotypic plasticity in leaf photosynthetic capacity, leaf thickness, and allocation patterns in response to light environment. In both sun and shade, more light-demanding species have higher relative growth than shade-tolerant species, enabled by their photosynthetic cotyledons, high specific leaf area, and high leaf area ratio. Species with semi-photosynthetic storage cotyledons have as low relative growth rates as those with solely storage cotyledons in shade; however, their growth rate is more responsive to light availability. These seed and seedling traits may be under selective pressure to segregate species regeneration niches in the tropical forest community.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:27:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1992Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:55:00Z
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Better and faster hyperparameter optimization with Dask
No full textSlides about a new hyperparameter optimization algorithm in Das
Influence of local electrical fields on the properties and structure of carbon monoxide
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Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionComputational methods are presented which are open-ended with respect to gaussian basis functions (s,p,d,f,g,h,) for one and two-electron integrals. A universal computational approach for evaluating one-electron integrals over gaussian basis functions for general operators of the form\rm x\sp{k\sb x}y\sp{k\sb y}z\sp{k\sb z}\left\{\left({\partial\over\partial x\prime}\right)\sp{l\sb x}\left({\partial\over\partial y\prime}\right)\sp{l\sb y}\left({\partial\over\partial z\prime}\right)\sp{l\sb z}{1\over r\prime}\right\}\cr\left({\partial\over\partial x}\right)\sp{m\sb x}\left({\partial\over\partial y}\right)\sp{m\sb y}\left({\partial\over\partial z}\right)\sp{m\sb z}x\sp{n\sb x}y\sp{n\sb y}z\sp{n\sb z} is presented, and also a concise, quadrature-point-driven implementation of the standard Rys polynomial method for computing two-electron repulsion integrals. Finally, methods are presented for analytically differentiating self-consistent field and one-dimensional vibrational wavefunctions or energies to any order of any number of parameters. This is important for determining molecular response properties.Basis set effects through the level of 4f functions and correlation effects through the level of Brueckner orbital, double substitution coupled cluster theory are presented for CO. Vibrational transition energies accurate to better than 1% are obtained, and the dipole moment is in error by 0.07 Debye. Correlation is shown to have a small effect on the dipole polarizability and hyperpolarizability for large basis sets. The effects of local electric fields on the potential and properties of CO are examined. When perturbed by various local electrical environments, chemical shifts of carbon-13 and oxygen-17 are found to correlate in an essentially linear, but opposite, manner with the vibrational frequency. Electronic structure calculations show that the opposite change in chemical shifts is due to polarization of charge along the internuclear axis. This correlation is in accord with experimental data of a wide range of carbonmonoxyheme proteins, and so electrical perturbation is a possible cause of distal ligand effects.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:37:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1990Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:43:32Z
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Where's the Grass? Disappearing Submerged Aquatic Vegetation and Declining Water Quality in Lake Mattamuskeet
No full textAbstract
Major threats to aquatic systems such as shallow lakes can include declining water quality, the loss of macrophyte beds, and the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. Often, these changes go unnoticed until a shift from a clear, oligotrophic system dominated by macrophyte beds to a turbid, eutrophic system dominated by phytoplankton and associated harmful algal blooms has occurred. Lake Mattamuskeet, which mostly lies within the boundary of Mattamuskeet National Wildlife Refuge, North Carolina, is a shallow lake that has recently experienced a reduction in water clarity and macrophyte beds, also referred to as submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), and an increase in nutrients, phytoplankton, harmful algal blooms, and cyanotoxin production. At Lake Mattamuskeet, SAV coverage and water clarity declined between the 1980s and 2015. During the same time, significantly increasing trends in nitrogen, phosphorus, turbidity, suspended sediments, chlorophyll a, and pH occurred. Current water-quality conditions (2012–2015) are not conducive to SAV survival and, in some cases, do not meet North Carolina water-quality standards for the protection of aquatic life. Water clarity declines appear to predate the SAV die-offs on the east side. Moving forward, SAV will serve as a primary indicator for lake health; and lake monitoring, research, and management efforts will focus on the restoration of aquatic grasses and water quality at Lake Mattamuskeet.</jats:p
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