80 research outputs found
Willing to pay to save the planet? Evaluating support for increased spending on sustainable development and environmentally friendly policies in five countries
No full textWhile the 2016 Paris Agreement is in many ways an important attainment with the potential to represent a milestone in humanity’s path towards sustainable development, and avoid thus a potential calamitous and destructive future, the achievement of the goals set in the agreement is a long way off. This paper investigates one of the most important worldwide hurdles frustrating the implementation of the policies required to limit environmental degradation and limit pollution, namely the still insufficient public support for the necessary environmental policies and their associated cost. Using a comparative database generated through an experimental study on tax compliance and policy preferences run in five countries (USA, UK, Italy, Sweden and Romania), I will evaluate five explanatory models of the degree to which people support environmentally friendly policies by accepting higher tax burdens and increased collective solidarity.</div
Wie viel sind's? : ein Bilderbuch (cover)
No full textRelief prints;Illustrated with color relief prints.
This is a counting book with text and illustrations designed to teach children their numbers from one to ten. It also includes some simple addition and subtraction problems.
The cover depicts a boy and three balloons with the numbers one, two, and three written on them.
Printed on the cover: No. 124.Arpad Schmidhammer was a German cartoonist and illustrator of children's books.
Adolf Holst was a German children's book author and publisher.Mathematics and arithmetic
Decentralization and state capacity pathways for state in reform in post-communist societies
No full textROMANIA’S SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS REFORM DURING THE ECONOMIC CRISIS
No full textThe post 2007 economic crisis significantly affected EU’s states public finances
and triggered various fiscal adjustments processes. Inevitably, policies related to
social protection benefits were scrutinized and more or less radical reforms were
enacted in most states. This article assesses the evolution of spending on various
social protection programs in Romania in a comparative perspective. Using data
from Eurostat, the effects of Romania’s 2011 austerity program are compared
with evolutions in the other EU member states. The article also compares the
observed modification in comparison with the aims set by the Cabinet through its
Social Assistance Reform Strategy. The article also tests whether the intensity
of adjustment programs are connected with the intensity of the economic crisis
A quantitative approach on the diffusion of neoliberal tax policies un the post communist new-EU member states
No full textWithin this paper I employ the OLS PCSE analysis to investigate the relationships between the CIT (Corporate Income Tax) and various potential independent variables testing for competing theories within the 10 post communist New EU Member States. Reforms in the area of CIT reforms, events were triggered immediately after the fall of the communist regimes. I test the degree to which four theories of policy diffusion explain the observed patterns. The OLS PCSE analysis reveals that while FDI represented an important variable in triggering CIT cuts, its directionality does not confirm the competitive diffusion theory
Analyzing the positioning of political competitors on relevant policy conflict dimensions within the 2014 EU Europarliamentary elections
No full textIn this paper I analyze the positioning of Romanian political competitor for the European elections 2014 on most relevant dimensions of political conflict relevant to all European Union member countries. I analyze the political programs of the Romanian political parties realized within the euandi project. Even though not all dimensions are considered relevant in the context of political debate in Romania, the mapping provides a detailed picture of the current positioning of the main political competitors in the context of breaking USL and the creation of a new coalition government
ROMANIA’S AUSTERITY POLICIES IN THE EUROPEAN CONTEXT
No full textThe economic recession starting in 2007 with the collapse of the US
Bank Lehman Brothers triggered waves of economic shock across the world.
Various states were hit more or less hard through different mechanisms
and reacted with different intensities to adjust to the crisis situation. In this
article, I employ a comparative methodology to assess the austerity policies
undertook by Romania during the Great recession period as regards the
policies adopted at the level of other EU member states. Thus, I aim to
offer an initial evaluation of the degree of similarity of Romania’s recession
policy responses to that of some other EU member states, and the degree to
which Romania can be labeled as an outlier. The comparative analysis tests
the explanatory power of three different theoretical approaches on the causal
factors explaining variation in policy responses: power resources theories,
functionalist approaches and blame-avoidance
Revolutionary roads : diffusion of neoliberal tax policies in the 10 post-communist new EU member states
No full textDefence date: 21 November 2013Examining Board: Professor László Bruszt, EUI (Supervisor); Professor Sven Steinmo, EUI (Co-Supervisor); Professor Dorothee Bohle, Central European University; Professor Duane Swank, Marquette University.PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD thesesThis is an explorative study on the underlying causes and mechanisms of the diffusion of neoliberal tax policies in the 10 post-communist EU NMS (New Member States) during the period from 1992 to 2010, a process partially coined as The Flat Tax Revolution. In 1993, Estonia became the first post-communist country to introduce a Flat Tax regime, and its neighbors, Lithuania (1994) and Latvia (1996), soon followed suit while in 1995 Hungary reduced its CIT (Corporate Income Tax) rate to 20%, the most competitive rate in the region. Between 1999 and 2003, most of the 10 NMS countries enacted significant CIT cuts and by 2010, 9 out of the 10 NMS introduced some form of Flat Tax regime, and CIT rates were significantly cut, making the region one of the most tax-competitive in the world. I aim to explain variation within two different independent variables, the most important direct taxes in almost any tax system in the world: CIT and PIT. The variation of the independent variables and the presence of various explanatory factors are assessed qualitatively by analyzing thirty policy reform processes within the ten countries and quantitatively by analyzing various statistical data regarding the evolution of different indicators. The explanatory power of seven theretical approaches is tested: the (1) external pressure, (2) competitive, (3) institutionalist competitive, (4) rational learning, (5) cognitive heuristics, and (6) emulation approaches to the process of policy diffusion, as well as Kingdon’s (1984) (7) Multiple Streams Model. I argue that Kingdon’s MSM represents an adequate model to analyze policy change as a diffusion phenomenon and allows me to offer a more complex, less parsimonious but more realistic account of the causal factors that account for the observed changes. This interpretation within the MSM stresses the relevance of different configurations of causal elements determining change in each of 10 NMS
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