1,720,970 research outputs found

    Vulnerability of algae and seagrasses to climate change

    No full text
    Biodiversity is undergoing rapid and worrying changes, partially driven by anthropogenic activities. Human impacts and climate change (e.g. increasing temperature and ocean acidification) represent the most serious threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Aim of this study was to assess, analysing the scientific literature and published data, how climate change can affect algae and seagrasses, evaluating their vulnerability and the possibility to use these organisms as indicators. Algae and seagrasses have a central role for several important ecological processes in aquatic ecosystems, and their loss can lead repercussions for the ecological function. Climate stressors affected acquatic vegetation, acting both in isolation and in combination with local perturbations (e.g. nutrient enrichment), reducing the resilience of marine communities. Ocean acidification has negative effects on calcification rates of calcareous algae; sea warming affects both the stability of Posidonia oceanica meadows and their potential recolonization. Considering future climate scenario researchers and policy makers have to plan measures to preserve biodiversity and the status of health of the marine ecosystems

    Spreading of the alien seagrass Halophila stipulacea (Hydrocharitaceae) along the sicilian coast (western Mediterranean Sea)

    No full text
    Halophila stipulacea (Forsskål) Ascherson is a tropical seagrass distributed along the western coasts of the Indian Ocean and in the Red Sea (den Hartog, 1977). This species was previously considered a paleomediterranean element, survived as a relict in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, but later on Por (1971) hypothesized that it was a Lessepsian immigrant entered the Mediterranean Sea after the opening of the Suez Canal (1869). H. stipulacea remained in the eastern Mediterranean for several decades (Lipkin, 1975), and only recently it spreads towards the western basin through Malta and the Ionian coast of Sicily (Lanfranco, 1970; Van der Velte and Den Hartog, 1989; Alongi et al., 1993). The first record in the western part of the Mediterranean basin was in Vulcano Island (Acunto et al., 1997). Numerous records have been yet registered along the northern coast of Sicily till now (Vulcano Island, Oliveri-Tindari coastal lakes, harbour of Catania, Giardini Naxos coasts). The spreading of H. stipulacea along the Tyrrhenian coast of Sicily is actually in progress as proved by this new record off the coast of Termini Imerese (Palermo). The seagrass could have reached yet the Gulf of Palermo, where numerous plant fragments have been recently observed. Although settlement of H. stipulacea is still spatially limited, its expansion along the coasts of Sicily should be monitored; indeed, since it out-competes the native Mediterranean seagrasses, it could induce severe changes in the sublittoral communities

    Efficacia delle AMP nella conservazione della biodiversità: i popolamenti a Cystoseira nell’AMP “Capo Gallo-Isola delle Femmine” (Pa)

    No full text
    Scopo dello studio è quello di i) valutare lo stato di salute e di conservazione delle comunità a Cystoseira presenti nell’A.M.P. “Capo Gallo-Isola delle Femmine” ii) confrontarlo con i dati storici, iii) confrontarlo con quello di siti di controllo al di fuori dell’A.M.P. e quindi iv) verificare il successo/efficacia dell’A.M.P nel proteggere e mantenere queste comunità e quindi la biodiversità di questi ecosistemi dalla sempre più intensa pressione antropica. Lo studio viene condotto, in particolare, sui popolamenti a Cystoseira dell’infralitorale di siti chiave all’interno della Riserva (Zone A, B e C) e di due siti di controllo: Punta Priola (PA) e Monte Cofano (TP). Lo stato di conservazione dei popolamenti a Cystoseira all’interno dell’A.M.P. risulta dunque complessivamente buono, e non sono emerse significative riduzioni o perdite con conseguenti alterazioni dei popolamenti ad essi associati e incremento di specie effimere; anche la presenza di specie aliene risulta al momento alquanto circoscritta e sotto controllo. Naturalmente non è sufficiente tracciare dei confini su una carta nautica per rendere efficace una A.M.P. nel preservare la biodiversità, occorre innanzitutto che la localizzazione e la zonizzazione siano effettuate a priori sulla base di una cartografia degli habitat, ma sopratutto occorre che l’Ente Gestore pianifichi e attui idonei programmi di monitoraggio e di controllo, nonché di verifica dei risultati

    Responses of macroalgal community to environmental changes

    No full text
    Species of Cystoseira (Ochrophyta, Fucales) seem to be sensitive to a variety of environmental changes, as a consequence of which, they are now used in ecological status assessment. On the contrary, invasive species tend to be more resilient to disturbances than Cystoseira species, and thus environmental changes to allow them to out-compete these species. All these evidences lead to consider Cystoseira species, as well as invasive species, as biological indicators of environmental changes. Therefore, the effects of environmental changes can be measured through: (1) the assessment of the current state of the popu- lations of Cystoseira species and of invasive species, (2) the comparison of it with histori- cal records and (3) highlighting the relationship between the evolution of these algal populations and environmental changes

    Interactions among introduced and indigenous submerged macrophytes in a Mediterranean shallow system

    No full text
    In Termini Imerese H. stipulacea has been recorded inside artificial basins, characterized by a sandy bottom (0.80‐2.5 m depth). H. stipulacea in good health conditions shows a competition strategy with C. nodosa. But during winter denudations, C. racemosa var. cylindracea seems to negatively interfere with the rhizomes of H. stipulacea

    Analisi preliminare delle risposte della comunità intertidale a variazioni di pCO2 e temperatura

    Full text link
    La principale conseguenza delle emissioni atmosferiche di CO2 di origine antropica è l’incremento dell’effetto serra, che sta conducendo al fenomeno del riscaldamento globale. Una parte di queste emissioni viene sequestrata dagli oceani causando profondi cambiamenti nella chimica dei carbonati, un processo noto come acidificazione degli oceani. La temperatura ed il pH possono interagire fra loro inducendo cambiamenti nelle risposte delle comunità marine. Questo studio si propone di valutare sperimentalmente la risposta del biofilm a cambiamenti indotti di temperatura e pCO2 lungo un gradiente di chimica dei carbonati nell’Isola di Vulcano (Isole Eolie)
    corecore