1,517 research outputs found
Physikalische Abhandlung über die Strahlenbrechung
No full textvom Abbe' Tobias Gruber, k.k. Kameral-BaudirektorTitelvignett
Briefe hydrographischen und physikalischen Inhalts aus Krain an Ignaz Edlen von Born ...
No full textTitelkupfe
Decomposing interference during Stroop performance into different conflict factors: An event-related fMRI study
No full textIn the current event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we sought to trace back Stroop-interference to circumscribed properties of task-irrelevant word information - response-incompatibility, semantic incongruency and task-reference that we conceive as conflict factors. Thereby, we particularly wanted to disentangle intermingled contributions of semantic conflict and response conflict to the overall Stroop-interference effect. To delineate neural substrates of single factors, we referred to the logics of cognitive subtraction and cognitive conjunction. Moreover, in a second step, we conducted correlation analyses to determine the relationship between neural activations and behavioral interference costs (i.e., conflict-related reaction time (RT) slowing) so as to further elucidate the functional role of the respective brain regions in conflict processing. Response-incompatibility was associated with activation in the left premotor cortex which can be interpreted as indicating motor competition or conflict, i.e., the presence of competing response tendencies. Accordingly, this activation was positively correlated with behavioral conflict costs. Semantic incongruency exhibited specific activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the bilateral insula, and thalamus as well as in left somatosensory cortex. As supported by the consistent negative correlation with behavioral conflict costs, these activations most probably reflect strengthened control efforts to overcome interference and to ensure adequate task performance. Finally, task-reference elicited activation in the left temporo-polar cortex (TPC) and the right medial superior as well as in left rostroventral prefrontal cortex (rvPFC, sub-threshold activation). As strongly supported by prior studies' findings, this neural activation pattern may underlie residual semantic processing of the task-irrelevant word information. (c) 2007 Elsevier Srl. All rights reserved.German Research Foundation (DFG) [1950/1-3
catena-[1,1'-methylenebis(4,4'-dimethylaminopyridinium) bis((?-chloro)-chloro-sodium)]
No full textElisa Nauha, Christian Weck, Tobias Gruber CCDC 1840801: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination, 2018, DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zshpy</p
catena-[1,1'-methylenebis(4,4'-dimethylaminopyridinium) bis((?-chloro)-chloro-sodium)]
No full textElisa Nauha, Christian Weck, Tobias Gruber CCDC 1840801: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination, 2018, DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1zshpy</p
How negative affect influences neural control processes underlying the resolution of cognitive interference: An event-related fMRI study
No full textIn this event-related fMRI study, we sought to investigate the influence of negative affect on the processing of two kinds of cognitive interference: Stroop-interference and oddball interference. For our purpose, we adopted an oddball variant of the Stroop task in which Stroop-interference and oddball interference conditions were created by presenting incongruent and rarely occurring word meanings, respectively. Immediately preceding the target stimuli, we presented pictures of the International Affective Picture System which were either emotionally negative and arousing or emotionally neutral, providing two affective conditions under which the cognitive task was administered. Both the behavioral and the neuroimaging data exhibited an interaction effect between emotional and cognitive condition. First, the emotion induction selectively impaired behavioral performance on interference trials while behavioral measures on non-interference trials were roughly identical in both emotional conditions. Second, in the negative emotional condition there was incremental interference-related activation in control-related regions (fronto-parietal cortices). Taken together, findings suggest that negative affect specifically disturbs the neural control processes that in a neutral affective state allow to select task-relevant information and to shield its processing from task-irrelevant distraction. Accordingly, agents in a negative affective state have to exert enhanced control efforts to resolve cognitive interference. Additional connectivity analyses revealed that a negative coupling between lateral PFC on the one hand and amygdala and OFC on the other is related to enhanced interference resolution which can be tentatively interpreted as evidence that emotional regulation is an integrated part of an agent's efforts to preserve cognitive performance in affective situations. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved
Functional brain abnormalities in psychiatric disorders: Neural mechanisms to detect and resolve cognitive conflict and interference
No full textIn the present article, we review functional neuroimaging studies on interference processing and performance monitoring in three groups of psychiatric disorders, (1) mood disorders, (2) schizophrenia, and (3) obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Ad (1) Behavioral performance measures suggest an impaired interference resolution capability in symptomatic bipolar disorder patients. A series of neuroimaging analyses found alterations in the ACC-DLPFC system in mood disorder (unipolar depressed and bipolar) patients, putatively reflective of an abnormal interplay of monitoring and executive neurocognitive functions. Other studies of euthymic bipolar patients showed relatively decreased interference-related activation in rostroventral PFC which conceivably underlies defective inhibitory control. Ad (2) Behavioral Stroop studies revealed a specific performance pattern of schizophrenia patients (normal RT interference but increased error interference and RT facilitation) suggestive of a deficit in ignoring irrelevant (word) information. Moreover, reduced/absent behavioral post-error and post-conflict adaptation effects suggest alterations in performance monitoring and/or adjustment capability in these patients. Neuroimaging findings converge to suggest a disorder-related abnormal neurophysiology in ACC which consistently showed conflict- and error-related hypoactivation that, however, appeared to be modulated by different factors. Moreover, studies suggest a specific deficit in context processing in schizophrenia, evidently related to activation reduction in DLPFC. Ad (3) Behavioral findings provide evidence for impaired interference resolution in OCD. Neuroimaging results consistently showed conflict- and error-related ACC hyperactivation which - conforming OCD pathogenesis models - can be conclusively interpreted as reflecting overactive performance monitoring. Taken together, interference resolution and performance monitoring appeared to be fruitful concepts in the investigation of neurocognitive deficits in psychiatric disorders. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
[Stammbuch Tobias Neubronner]
No full text[STAMMBUCH TOBIAS NEUBRONNER]
[Stammbuch Tobias Neubronner] ( - )
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Register über sämtliche hierinn befindliche Nahmen und Sachen. / Einträge Bl. 1 - 7 (1r)
Wagner, Georg; Blatt 1 (1r)
Lynar, Rochus Friedrich von; Blatt 2 (2r)
Städelen, Johann Georg; Blatt 3 (2v 3r)
Urlsperger, Samuel; Blatt 4 (3v 4r)
Tympe, Johann Gottfried; Blatt 5 (4v 5r)
Zinzendorf, Nikolaus Ludwig von; Blatt 6 (5v 6r)
Walch, Johann Georg; Blatt 7 (6v 7r)
Einlage zu Bl. A ( - )
Geislinger, Andreas; Blatt 1,1 [A] (1,1 [A])
Metz, Franz; Blatt 2,1 [B] (2,1 [B])
Bull, Heinrich; Blatt 3,1 [C] (3,1 [C])
Böcklin, Reimund; Blatt 4,1 [D] (4,1 [D])
Spon, Hans Ludwig; Blatt 5,1 [E] (5,1 [E])
Mahler, Philipp Christoph; Blatt 6,1 [F] (6,1 [F])
Oelhafen von Schöllenbach, Christoph; Blatt 7,1 [G] (7,1 [G])
Gruber, Marx; Blatt 8,1 [H] (8,1 [H])
Welser, Bartholomaeus; Blatt 9,1 [J] (9,1 [J])
Praun, Christoph; Blatt 9,1 [K] (9,1 [K])
Stary, Alexander; Blatt 8 (8)
Welser, Andreas; Blatt 9 (8v 9r)
Stenglin, Zacharias; Blatt 10 (9v 10r)
Metzner, Jacob; Blatt 11 (10v 11r)
Caspari, Christoph; Blatt 12 (11v 12r)
Scaturigius, Peter; Blatt 13 (12v 13r)
Schermar, Anton von; Blatt 14 (13v 14r)
..., Albert; Blatt 14v (14v 15r)
Henning, Hans Heinrich; Blatt 16 (15v 16r)
Neubronner, Marx Tobias von; Blatt 17 (16v 17r)
Hopff, Johann Georg; Blatt 18 (17v 18r)
Planer, Andreas; Blatt 18 (18v 19r)
Rulandt, Martin; Blatt 19 (18v 19r)
Raab, Johann Christoph; Blatt 19 (19v 20r)
Rayger, Wilhelm; Blatt 21 (20v 21r)
Gsell, Bernhard; Blatt 22 (21v 22r)
Schleicher, Daniel; Blatt 23 (22v 23r)
Riegler, Johann Heinrich; Blatt 24 (23v 24r)
Glauburg, Jacob Marquard von; Blatt 24 (24v 25r)
Schill, Johann Georg; Blatt 26 (25v 26r)
Andler, Johann Christoph; Blatt 27 (26v 27r)
Hardtbrunner, Hans Heinrich; Blatt 28 (27v 28r)
Haab, Johann Heinrich; Blatt 29 (28v 29r)
Schoeffer, Franz Philipp; Blatt 30 (29v 30r)
Schnock, Johann; Blatt 31 (30v 31r)
Zollikofer, Jakob; Blatt 32 (31v 32r)
Reißhofer, Samuel; Blatt 33 (32v 33r)
Ritter, Jeremias; Blatt 34 (33v 34r)
Bloss, Sebastian; Blatt 35 (34v 35r)
Richter, Hans; Blatt 36 (35v 36r)
Heinemann, Johannes; Blatt 37 (36v 37r)
Mey, C. A.; Blatt 38 (37v 38r)
Limmer, Ambrosius Gottfried; Blatt 39 (38v 39r)
Monau, Friedrich von; Blatt 40 (39v 40r)
Aisseter, Marcus Fl...; Blatt 41 (40v 41r)
Rasch, Michael; Blatt 42 (41v 42r)
Eisengrein, Tobias; Blatt 43 (42v 43r)
Högel, Wilhelm; Blatt 44 (43v 44r)
Zech, Georg; Blatt 45 (44v 45r)
Zeschlin, Philipp Heinrich; Blatt 50 (50)
Jörger, Carl Helmhart; Blatt 51 (50v 51r)
Stein, Johann Wilhelm vom; Blatt 52 (51v 52r)
Planck, Matthäus; Blatt 53 (52v 53r)
Guttenstein, Heinrich Peter von; Blatt 54 (53v 54r)
Castell, Wolfgang George von; Blatt 55 (54v 55r)
Schlick zu Passaun, Christoph Carl von; Blatt 56 (55v 56r)
Seyferheldt, Christoph; Blatt 57 (56v 57r)
Praun, ...; Blatt 58 (57v 58r)
Brentel, Georg; Blatt 59 (58v 59r
Interview with Ellen Gruber Garvey
No full textEllen Gruber Garvey is the author of Writing with Scissors: American Scrapbooks from the Civil War to the Harlem Renaissance (Oxford University Press, 2013). She was a Visiting Professor at Université Paris 13 in November 2013. She teaches at New Jersey City University. She was interviewed by Claire Parfait (Université Paris 13) on November 26, 2013. Claire Parfait: What gave you the idea to start working on scrapbooks? Ellen Gruber Garvey: I had looked at children’s scrapbooks, where childre..
Common and disease-specific dysfunctions of brain systems underlying attentional and executive control in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
No full textSchizophrenia and bipolar disorder broadly overlap in multiple areas involving clinical phenomenology, genetics, and neurobiology. Still, the investigation into specific elementary (sub-)processes of executive functioning may help to define clear points of distinction between these categorical diagnoses to validate the nosological dichotomy and, indirectly, to further elucidate their pathophysiological underpinnings. In the present behavioral study, we sought to separate common from diagnosis-specific deficits in a series of specific elementary sub-functions of executive processing in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. For our purpose, we administered a modern and multi-purpose neuropsychological task paradigm to equal-sized and matched groups of schizophrenia patients, patients with bipolar disorder, and healthy control subjects. First, schizophrenia patients compared to the bipolar group exhibited a more pronounced deficit in general measures of task performance comprising both response speed and accuracy. Additionally, bipolar patients showed increased advance task preparation, i.e., were better able to compensate for response speed deficits when longer preparation intervals were provided. Set-shifting, on the other hand, was impaired to a similar degree in both patient groups. Finally, schizophrenia patients exhibited a specific deficit in conflict processing (inhibitory control) and the shielding of task-relevant processing from distraction (i.e., attentional maintenance). The present investigation suggests that specific neuropsychological measures of elementary executive functions may represent important points of dissociation between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, which may help to differentiate the pathophysiological underpinnings of these major psychiatric disorders. In this context, the present findings highlight the measures of inhibitory control and attentional maintenance as promising candidates.German Research Foundation (DFG) [GR 1950/8-1, ME 3082/6-1
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