145 research outputs found
Trust-based interactions in teams of mobile agents
No full textThis paper introduces a trust model that couples the change in performance in a team of agents to how the agents perceive (or trust) each other. This combination of social dynamics and physical update laws not only changes the performance of the system, but it has the potential to make it deteriorate in a dramatic fashion. In fact, in the two-agent case, it is shown that the system exhibits finite escape time through an invariance result that carries over also to larger systems and more elaborate trust models. The invariance result states that an increase in performance must be accompanied by an increase in the total trust in the network (and vice versa for deteriorating performance). Finally, the connection is made between the proposed model and the belief and group polarization phenomena encountered in group processes driven by social interaction dynamics
Trust in multi-agent networks: From self-centered to team-oriented
No full textIn this work, we incorporate trust into the interaction dynamics for multi-agent systems in order to analyze the effects of trust on human-robot teams. We extend previous work by moving away from a 'self-centered' trust model and introduce a so-called 'team-oriented' trust model in which each agent increases its trust for its neighbors only if they are collectively contributing to the team's overall goal. The coupling of the trust dynamics and the agents' state dynamics is shown to give rise to an intricate relationship that has the potential to make the team's performance deteriorate under certain circumstances. We derive conditions under which the multi-agent system is guaranteed to achieve a collective objective and provide simulations to corroborate the theoretical findings
Manipulations of the spatial stability of an occasion setter alter some aspect of behavior during a landmark-based search task
No full textAn occasion setter (OS) is a stimulus that sets the occasion for responding to another stimulus. The current experiments examined the effect of spatial stability (Experiment 1a) and retraining of an OS (Experiment 1b) in a spatial occasion setting task in pigeons. An OS (i.e., a colored background) set the occasion for the location at which pecks were reinforced relative to a landmark (i.e., a colored square). In Experiment 1a, pigeons were trained with an OS that had an unstable spatial relationship with the goal. In Experiment 1b, an OS was retrained as a spatially unstable OS for another landmark or a spatially unstable discriminative stimulus. The pigeons failed to demonstrate evidence of acquisition of all of the OS trials in Experiment 1a, and retraining of the OS disrupted accuracy for both conditions in Experiment 1b. Spatial instability and/or a lack of nonreinforced landmark training disrupted performance
Optimizing the Performance of Electrostrictive Ceramics
No full textLCSetter, N Israel Armament Dev Author,Pob 2250,Haifa,Israel Amp74 Times Cited:1 Cited References Count:
Has China Moved from Global Standard Setter to Market Winner? The Rise and Fall of Chinese Standard TD-SCDMA
No full textIn 2006, China government formulated high-targeted “Indigenous Innovation” industrial policy that aimed to encourage Chinese domestic firms engaging more on R&D, and hence hoped to transform “China factory” into “China innovation” country. One of key technologies received top-down supports is the mobile third-generation (3G) standard, TD-SCDMA, and by which China government intended to foster home-grown mobile-phone industry. Through the lens of political economy, this article examines the process and outcome of TD-SCDMA industrialization. The analysis dimensions, from macro-level to micro-level, are: (1) the priority of strategic goals; (2) the maneuver on the state-owned enterprise (SOE) under the Chinese fragmented bureaucratic system; and (3) the impact of China’s domestic politics on both domestic and foreign enterprises participating in TD-SCDMA industrialization.
The author conducts several field studies at both Beijing and Taipei sites during 2011-2013. The interviewees include Chinese government officials, personnel of state-owned enterprises, industrial experts, academic professors, and journalists. The research findings suggest that the logic of implementation industrial policy is more political than economic one. Subsequently, the state-business relationship is more conflicting than cooperative, given the SOE concerns seeking rents more than pursing techno-nationalism ideology. Altogether, the so-called “Indigenous Innovation” has being implemented in an upside down way, and determined the limited development of national industrialization. This author concludes the characteristics of Chinese way catching-up and discusses the prospectus of China moving from global standard setter to implementing “going-global” in the future
Team-Level Properties for Haptic Human-Swarm Interactions
No full text© 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.DOI: 10.1109/ACC.2015.7170777This paper explores how haptic interfaces should
be designed to enable effective human-swarm interactions.
When a single operator is interacting with a team of mobile
robots, there are certain properties of the team that may help
the operator complete the task at hand if these properties were
fed back via haptics. However, not all team-level properties
may be particularly well-suited for haptic feedback. In this
paper, characteristics that make a property of a multi-agent
system appropriate for haptic feedback are defined. The focus
here is on leader-follower networks, in which one robot, the so-called
leader, is controlled via an operator with a haptic device,
whereas the remaining robots, the so-called followers, are tasked
with maintaining distances between one another. Multi-agent
manipulability, a property which describes how effective the
leader is at controlling the movement of the followers, is proposed
as one such appropriate property for haptic feedback in
a human-swarm interaction scenario. Manipulability feedback
is implemented using a PHANTOM Omni haptic joystick and
experiments in which a team of mobile robots is controlled via
a human operator with access to this feedback show that this
is viable in practice
[[alternative]]A Study of the Comparison in Physical Fitness between Senior High School First Level Volleyball Libero Defensive Players and the Other Roles of Players
No full text[[abstract]]The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between volleyball libero defensive players and the other roles of players in height, weight, and physical fitness. The subjects were 8 libero defensive players, 7 setter players, 16 ace attack players, 14 quick attack players, and 8 opposite attack players （a total of 53 players）of the best 8 male teams that played in the Finals Of Senior High School First Level Volleyball League Games in 2003. They were tested by 7 test items for specialized physical fitness about volleyball. The specialized physical fitness and the test items are as follows： Velocity （30-meter dash）, Jumping capacity （vertical jumping ; approaching jumping）, Agility （9-mter × 3 agility run）, Flexibility （the sit-and-reach flexibility measurement）, The power and strength of upper-limb （badminton throw）, Cardiorespiratory endurance capacity （800-meter run）.
The data were then analyzed by t-test, and the following conclusions were made：
1. Differences in height and weight： In height, there was no significant difference between libero defensive players and setter players； but there were significant differences between libero defensive players and the other roles of players（p<.05）. In weight, there was significant difference between libero defensive players and quick attack players （p<.05）； but there were no significant differences between libero defensive players and the other roles of players.
2. Differences between libero defensive players and setter players in physical fitness： There was significant difference in approaching jumping between libero defensive players and setter players （p<.05）. Libero defensive players could jump higher than setter players. But there were no significant differences in the other test items.
3. Differences between libero defensive players and ace attack players in physical fitness： There were no significant differences in all the test items.
4. Differences between libero defensive players and quick attack players in physical fitness： Libero defensive players were better than quick attack players in 9-meter × 3 agility run and the sit-and-reach flexibility measurement, and there were significant differences （p<.05）. There were no significant differences in the other test items.
5. Differences between libero defensive players and opposite attack players in physical fitness： There were no significant differences in all the test items .
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