281 research outputs found
The Khozhenie za tri morya of Afanasy Nikitin: a critical edition
Full text linkThe subject of this thesis is the Khozhenie za tri morya, an account of a journey to India by a 15th century Russian merchant, Afanasy Nikitin, of his sojourn there and of his return thence. After a brief introduction the author examines the history of this document both with regard to early copies of the text and to more recent attitudes towards the work. The second section consists of a translation into English of the fullest version of the text which has been obtained by taking the fullest extant copy and adding to it various words, phrases and passages which only occur in other versions. The third section of the work consists of commentary notes on the translation with particular emphasis on the vocabulary used by Nikitin and on points of general interest. In the fourth section, "Notes on the Historical and Geographical Background to the Khozhenie", the author examines the history of the various regions through which Nikitin passed, thereby building up a picture of the conditions which he encountered. There are notes on the location and character of the various towns through which he passed. The next section, "Russian Awareness of India before Nikitin", examines the question of how much was known of India in medieval Russia. The author makes the point that it was not an entirely unknown land and that certain connections had existed between the two countries prior to Nikitin's visit. In the sixth section, "Nikitin - a Traveller among Travellers", Nikitin's work is contrasted with the works of other travellers to the East who had preceded him. It is pointed out that, whilst his account is perhaps less important than some Russian commentators maintain, it is worthy of more consideration than it has generally been granted in the West. A reference section, bibliography and glossary complete the original work in this thesis. Copies of several versions of the text are included in the appendices, as is a map showing Nikitin's route
Poems selected from Karamzin, Pushkin, Tyutchev, Lermontov, Count A. Tolstoy, Nikitin, Pleshcheyev, Nadson, and Sologub.
No full textAdded t.p. in Russian.Eight pages at end, with running title: Dlia zamietok.Poems in Russian, grouped under author; English translations follow each group.--Karamzin. --Pushkin. --Tyutchev. --Lermontov. --Count A. Tolstoy. -- Nikitin. -- Pleshcheyev. --Nadson. --Sologub.Mode of access: Internet
Severe Intraoperative Hyperglycemia and Infectious Complications After Elective Brain Neurosurgical Procedures: Prospective Observational Study
No full textPostoperative infections after brain surgery are a serious complication potentially worsening the outcome of surgical treatment. Severe intraoperative hyperglycemia (SIH) contributes to both infectious and noninfectious postoperative complications. However, there are a lack of data on the incidence of SIH in patients undergoing elective neurosurgical brain procedures and its association with the risk of postoperative infections
Optical properties of silicon nanocrystals in silica: Results from spectral filtering effect, m-line technique, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
No full textThe optical properties of silica layers containing silicon nanocrystals are analyzed in terms of spectral filtering in absorbing planar waveguides (cutoff spectra), m-line measurements, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of optical dispersion, approximation of weak guiding, and depth dependence of refractive index in a planar waveguide are studied. We compare the measured optical properties of silicon-rich silicon oxide samples with the values estimated by the Bruggeman theory using the XPS structural components. A good agreement between the measured and calculated refractive indices is found. The results for absorption suggest high transparency of the nanoscale-suboxide component in contrast to the corresponding bulk material. The Raman intensity of silicon nanocrystals is proportional to the XPS amount of bulk silicon. The extinction coefficient extracted for the Si component is between the values for crystalline and amorphous silicon. Annealing at higher temperatures decreases the Si component extinction coefficient, which is interpreted as a decrease in the amorphous Si fraction. The XPS method surprisingly suggests a large proportion of silicon suboxide even after annealing at 1200 °C
Numerical investigation of localized exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations in pipe flow
No full textThe edge state solution in pipe flow at Re=2200 is calculated numerically. The solution has the form of spatially localized puff-like structure drifting downstream. In the moving frame it is represented by a steady average flow and time-periodic pulsation flow. It is shown, that the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability mechanism is not valid for pulsation generation in the edge state flow
‘Revoljucija že byla prekrasna, stichijna'. Noč' di Nikolaj Nikitin
Full text linkDespite being one of the lesser known Serapion Brothers, Nikolaj Nikitin had a brilliant early career. He was acclaimed by M. Gorkij and the critic A. Voronskij as a very promising writer, able to convey the spirit of the post-revolutionary period, also in light of his personal experience as a volunteer in the Red Army. The frst phase of his literary production dates from 1922 to 1924. In the texts of this period the thematic focus is mainly on the experience of the revolution, while, stylistically, they are characterized by a highly evocative and musical language that reveals the infuence of A. Belyj's Simfonii. The article focuses on the long story (povest') Not", edited and redacted three times during 1923, more than any of Nikitin's novels. Being the most redacted and revised piece of Nikitin's long fction, the povest' ofers the possibility to investigate the relationship between the author and Voronskij who, more than anyone else, had a great impact on the young writer. The povest' focuses on the battle between two trains, one white (called "L.G. Kornilov") and one red (the "N. 14-7, Béla Kun"). In the frst edition, the result of the battle is not conveyed to the reader; the only outcome is destruction and pain, and this caused a very negative and passionate reaction from critics and readers. The comparison of the three redactions of the povest' shows the direction of the revisions, which started from a merely stylistic point of view and then moved to a more ideological layer, clarifying the result of the battle (now undoubtedly assigned to the Red Army) and highlighting the stichijnyj but deeply legitimate character of the Revolution itself. Starting from 1924, Nikitin will no longer participate in the meetings of the Serapion Brothers, and his poetics and chosen topics will change as well, moving in the stylistic and ideological direction that will be formalized in 1934 under the name of Socialist Realism
Physics demonstrations for upper secondary school students - a video study
Full text linkNázev práce: Fyzikální pokusy pro střední školy - videostudie Autor: Bc. Alexandr Nikitin Katedra / Ústav: Katedra didaktiky fyziky Vedoucí diplomové práce: RNDr. Marie Snětinová, Ph.D., Katedra didaktiky fyziky Abstrakt: Experiment je základním prvkem nejen ve fyzice jako vědě, ale také ve výuce fyziky. Přestože je poslední dobou více pozornosti věnováno samostatnému experimentování žáků, významnou roli ve školách stále hraje demonstrační experiment. Na katedře didaktiky fyziky MFF UK má projekt předvádění demonstračních experimentů pro studenty středních škol tradici více než 30 let a v současné době nabízí celkem sedm tematických celků. Předchozí výzkum provedený na vzorku cca 5100 studentů však ukázal, že tyto tematické celky jsou studenty vnímány poměrně odlišně zejména z hlediska jejich zájmu, vnitřní motivace a subjektivně vnímané užitečnosti a hodnoty. Nabízí se tedy otázka, zda existují parametry, které předurčují pozitivní vnímání demonstračních pokusů studenty - ať už by mělo jít o požadavky na lektora, o způsob práce s publikem či o výběr jednotlivých experimentů. Cílem této práce je představit videostudii zabývající se analýzou těchto vystoupení, jejíž výsledky poslouží k hledání předestřených parametrů. V práci je popsána metodologie tvorby kategoriálního systému užitého ve videostudii,...Title: Physics demonstrations for upper secondary school students - video study Author: Bc. Alexandr Nikitin Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Marie Snětinová, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: Experiment is a key element not only for physics as science, but also for physics education. Even though attention has been lately focused more on students' hands-on experiments, demonstration experiments still play an important role in today's education. Department of Physics Education (Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics) has been performing physics demonstrations for upper secondary school students for more than 30 years. Seven different topics are currently offered by the Department. A survey conducted on a population of est. 5,100 students showed that the perception of these topics by students varies quite significantly, especially considering their intrinsic motivation and subjectively perceived value and usefulness of a given topic. The questions at hand are whether parameters that influence students' perception in negative or positive way do exist and how they are related to the choice of the experiments themselves or the lecturer's work with the audience. Aim of this thesis is to present a video study conducted on video recordings of all seven...Department of Physics EducationKatedra didaktiky fyzikyMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic
Physics demonstrations for upper secondary school students - a video study
Full text linkNázev práce: Fyzikální pokusy pro střední školy - videostudie Autor: Bc. Alexandr Nikitin Katedra / Ústav: Katedra didaktiky fyziky Vedoucí diplomové práce: RNDr. Marie Snětinová, Ph.D., Katedra didaktiky fyziky Abstrakt: Experiment je základním prvkem nejen ve fyzice jako vědě, ale také ve výuce fyziky. Přestože je poslední dobou více pozornosti věnováno samostatnému experimentování žáků, významnou roli ve školách stále hraje demonstrační experiment. Na katedře didaktiky fyziky MFF UK má projekt předvádění demonstračních experimentů pro studenty středních škol tradici více než 30 let a v současné době nabízí celkem sedm tematických celků. Předchozí výzkum provedený na vzorku cca 5100 studentů však ukázal, že tyto tematické celky jsou studenty vnímány poměrně odlišně zejména z hlediska jejich zájmu, vnitřní motivace a subjektivně vnímané užitečnosti a hodnoty. Nabízí se tedy otázka, zda existují parametry, které předurčují pozitivní vnímání demonstračních pokusů studenty - ať už by mělo jít o požadavky na lektora, o způsob práce s publikem či o výběr jednotlivých experimentů. Cílem této práce je představit videostudii zabývající se analýzou těchto vystoupení, jejíž výsledky poslouží k hledání předestřených parametrů. V práci je popsána metodologie tvorby kategoriálního systému užitého ve videostudii,...Title: Physics demonstrations for upper secondary school students - video study Author: Bc. Alexandr Nikitin Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Marie Snětinová, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: Experiment is a key element not only for physics as science, but also for physics education. Even though attention has been lately focused more on students' hands-on experiments, demonstration experiments still play an important role in today's education. Department of Physics Education (Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics) has been performing physics demonstrations for upper secondary school students for more than 30 years. Seven different topics are currently offered by the Department. A survey conducted on a population of est. 5,100 students showed that the perception of these topics by students varies quite significantly, especially considering their intrinsic motivation and subjectively perceived value and usefulness of a given topic. The questions at hand are whether parameters that influence students' perception in negative or positive way do exist and how they are related to the choice of the experiments themselves or the lecturer's work with the audience. Aim of this thesis is to present a video study conducted on video recordings of all seven...Katedra didaktiky fyzikyDepartment of Physics EducationMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic
Structuring of plasma polymers: new methods for fabrication of nano-architectured thin films
No full textTitle: Structuring of plasma polymers: new methods for fabrication of nano-architectured thin films Author: Daniil Nikitin Department / Institute: Department of Macromolecular Physics/Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Doc. Ing. Andrey Shukurov, PhD, Department of Macromolecular Physics/Charles University Abstract: The PhD thesis aims at the investigation of nanostructures based on plasma polymers. The main attention is paid to the combination of a gas aggregation cluster source with plasma-assisted vapor phase deposition for the fabrication of metal-polymer nanocomposites with bactericidal potential. Copper nanoparticles were incorporated into a biocompatible matrix of plasma polymerized poly(ethylene oxide) (ppPEO). The efficiency of such nanocomposite against multi-drug resistant bacteria was demonstrated. It was found that the segmental dynamics of the plasma polymer significantly changed in the presence of nanoparticles as revealed by the measurements of the dynamic glass transition temperature. The nanoscale confinement crucially influences the non-fouling properties of poly(ethylene oxide). A separate chapter is dedicated to the examination of the nanoparticle formation, growth and transport inside the source. Copper and silver nanoparticles were detected in situ in the gas phase..
Strukturování plazmových polymerů: nové metody přípravy tenkých vrstev s nano-architekturou
Full text linkNázev práce: Strukturování plazmových polymerů: nové metody přípravy tenkých vrstev s nano-architekturou Autor: Daniil Nikitin Katedra/Ústav: Katedra Makromolekulární Fyziky/Univerzita Karlova Vedoucí doktorské práce: Doc. Ing. Andrey Shukurov, PhD Abstrakt: Disertační práce je zaměřena na studium nanostruktur na bázi plazmových polymerů. Hlavní pozornost je věnována přípravě antibakteriálních nanokompozitních vrstev kov/polymer za použití plynového agregačního zdroje nanočástic a plazmatem asistované depozice z plynné fáze. Do biokompatibilní matrice plazmového polymeru poly(ethylen oxidu) (ppPEO) byly začleněny měděné nanočástice. Byla prokázána účinnost těchto nanokompozitů proti multi-rezistentním bakteriím. Pomocí měření dynamické teploty skelného přechodu bylo zjištěno, že se v přítomnosti nanočástic významně změnila segmentová dynamika plazmového polymeru. To zásadně ovlivnilo bio-rezistentní vlastnosti poly(ethylen oxidu). Samostatná kapitola je věnována studiu vzniku, růstu a transportu nanočástic uvnitř zdroje. Měděné a stříbrné nanočástice byly detekovány in situ v plynné fázi buďto pomocí maloúhlového rozptylu rentgenového záření, nebo pomocí UV-Vis spektroskopie. Vůbec poprvé bylo zjištěno zachytávání kovových nanočástic v plazmatu. Navíc byla potvrzena částečná re-depozice nanočástic na terč a...Title: Structuring of plasma polymers: new methods for fabrication of nano-architectured thin films Author: Daniil Nikitin Department / Institute: Department of Macromolecular Physics/Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Doc. Ing. Andrey Shukurov, PhD, Department of Macromolecular Physics/Charles University Abstract: The PhD thesis aims at the investigation of nanostructures based on plasma polymers. The main attention is paid to the combination of a gas aggregation cluster source with plasma-assisted vapor phase deposition for the fabrication of metal-polymer nanocomposites with bactericidal potential. Copper nanoparticles were incorporated into a biocompatible matrix of plasma polymerized poly(ethylene oxide) (ppPEO). The efficiency of such nanocomposite against multi-drug resistant bacteria was demonstrated. It was found that the segmental dynamics of the plasma polymer significantly changed in the presence of nanoparticles as revealed by the measurements of the dynamic glass transition temperature. The nanoscale confinement crucially influences the non-fouling properties of poly(ethylene oxide). A separate chapter is dedicated to the examination of the nanoparticle formation, growth and transport inside the source. Copper and silver nanoparticles were detected in situ in the gas phase...Katedra makromolekulární fyzikyDepartment of Macromolecular PhysicsMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic
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