1,495 research outputs found
Jembra kuanae Shih, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Jembra kuanae</i> Shih sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 2, 3)</p> <p> <b>Coloration:</b> General color brown (Fig. 2 A). Tegmen without markings (Fig. 2 B); wing hyaline, veins brown, apical area with brown pubescence except apical cells. Two color variations on head (Figs. 2 D, 2E), pronotum and mesoscutellum: dark brown type with irregular dark brown mottles (Fig. 2 E), and yellowish brown type with one obviously inverted and yellowish V-shaped stripe (Fig. 2 D).</p> <p> <b>Structure:</b> Head width: body width: body length= 1:1.6:3.2. Head in ventral view rhombus shaped (Fig. 3 B), as long as wide; head in dorsal view triangular (Fig. 3 A), about 2.6 times as wide as long. Head subequal to pronotum at level of anterior margin, about 1.04:1.0. Frons with a median longitudinal carina and 10 transverse ridges in ventral view (Fig. 3 B). Expanded flagellar base with 4 plate-shaped basiconic sensillae on ventrolateral side. Rostrum nearly extended to apex of middle trochanters. Pronotum width at widest part greater than median length by about 1.5: 1.0. Tegmen densely punctured (Fig. 3 D) with pits about 0.1 mm in diameter; 3 times as long as wide, AM (length of anal margin): PM (length of posterior margin): LT (length of tegmen) = 1.0: 3.0: 3.9. Wing with 3 apical cells (Fig. 3 E). Hind tibia with two lateral spines, distal one about 2.0–2.5 times as long as basal one; apical spines arranged into 2 rows, upper row composed of 11 spines, lower one composed of 12 spines. First hind tarsomere with apical spines arranged in two rows (Figs. 2 C, 3H), upper row composed of 18–21 spines, lower one composed of 7–12 spines.</p> <p> <b>Male Genitalia:</b> Pygofer in lateral view subquadrate (Fig. 3 I), about 1.3 times wider than long; basal margin of pygofer straight downward, then protruding at ventral third; pygofer ventral view oval (Fig. 3 J); dorsal process of pygofer (dp) in lateral view cone like, ventrally directed (Fig. 3 I); ventral process of pygofer (vp) (= genital plate) in lateral view, about 0.7 times longer than posterior margin of pygofer; ventral processes of pygofer in ventral view bilobed, acute at tip and direct mesade (Fig. 3 J). Abdominal segment X cylindrical, subequal to the abdominal tergite of segment XI (XIt) in length. Aedeagus T-shaped (Figs. 3 O–P) in both dorsal and ventral views, joined with basal part and apical winged plate; basal part of aedeagus short in lateral view, cylindrical, and membranous; apical winged plate somewhat hardened; transversely enlarged at caudal view, widest at middle and with a obviously concave gonopore (Fig. 3 N). Genital style triangular, basal part narrow and gradually widening to apex (Figs. 3 K–L).</p> <p> <b>Measurements:</b> Body length (from apex of vertex to tip of tegmen): 3, 7.9 ± 0.2 mm (n =17); Ƥ, 8.5 ± 0.1 mm (n =2); Body width: 3, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm (n =17); Ƥ, 3.9 ± 0.3 mm (n =2).</p> <p> <b>Holotype: Male, TAIWAN</b>, Taichung, Wanfeng Hill, XII. 1984, K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou, Malaise trap; Holotype depository: TARI.</p> <p> <b>Paratypes: TAIWAN</b>, 1 male, Taichung, Wanfeng Hill, II. 1984, K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou, Malaise trap (TARI); 5 males, 1 female, Taichung, Wanfeng Hill, III. 1984, K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou, Malaise trap (TARI); 2 males, Taichung, Wanfeng Hill, V. 1984, K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou, Malaise trap (TARI); 1 male, Taichung, Wanfeng Hill, VII. 1984, K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou, Malaise trap (TARI); 3 males, 1 female, Taichung, Wanfeng Hill, VIII. 1984, K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou, Malaise trap (TARI); 1 male, Taichung, Wanfeng Hill, XII. 1984, K. S. Lin & K. C. Chou, Malaise trap; 1 male, Nantou, Chushan, 24-IX-1999, H. T. Shih (TARI); 1 male, Nantou, Chushan, 24-IX-1999, H. T. Shih (Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China); 1 male, Nantou, Chushan, 24-IX-1999, H. T. Shih (Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Canada); 1 male, Nantou, Chushan, 24-IX-1999, H. T. Shih (National Museum of Natural Science, Taiwan, ROC.).</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> Named for the first author’s mother K. C. Kuan.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> Taiwan.</p> <p> <b>Host plants:</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> This species can be distinguished easily from other <i>Jembra</i> species by the following characteristics: (1) antenna with 4 plate-shaped basiconic sensillae (Figs. 2 G–H) on the expanded flagellar base; (2) pronotum without obvious lateral carinae, median carina interrupted by some longitudinal wrinkles on the anterior margin (Fig. 3 A); (3) frons with median longitudinal carina (Fig. 3 B); (4) wing with 3 apical cells and without pubescence in apical cells (Fig. 3 E); (5) the first tarsus with apical spines arranged in 2 rows (Figs. 2 C, 3H); (6) the dorsal process of pygofer conical (Fig. 3 I); (7) genital style triangular (Figs. 3 K–L), without distinct slender inner and outer processes; (8) apical portion of aedeagus winged, and each lateral tip of winged portion directed ventrad (Figs. 3 O–P).</p>Published as part of <i>Shih, Hsien-Tzung, Liang, Ai-Ping & Yang, Jeng-Tze, 2009, The genus Jembra Metcalf and Horton from Taiwan with descriptions of two new species and the nymph of J. taiwana sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Aphrophoridae), pp. 29-40 in Zootaxa 1979</i> on pages 33-36, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/185235">10.5281/zenodo.185235</a>
Assessing Investment in Future Landsat Instruments: The Example of Forest Carbon Offsets
No full textWe extend the theory of quality-adjusted expenditure indices to estimate benefits from public investment. In particular, we model the selection of new instruments (in the form of remote-sensing devices) to enhance the longest-operating U.S. satellite-based land-observing program, Landsat. We then apply the model to the use of Landsat in measuring global forest carbon sequestration. Improving measurement of the role of forests in storing carbon has become a prominent concern in climate policy. By characterizing the value of Landsat data in forest measurement, the expenditure function allows us to help inform public investment decisions in the satellite system. The expenditure function also makes explicit the sensitivity of the selection of instruments for the satellites to the value of Landsat information, thus linking instrument choice explicitly to policy design.value of information, satellite data, forests, carbon, sequestration, Landsat
A Cost-Index Approach to Valuing Investment In "Far Into The Future" Environmental Technology
No full textGovernments investing in long-lead technology development programs face considerable uncertainty as to whether the investment eventually will “pay off” for the taxpayer. This paper offers a framework to inform long-lead technology investment. We extend the theory of quality-adjusted cost indices to develop a conceptually rigorous, but data parsimonious, means of estimating consumer benefits from a new technology. We apply this model to a possible future electricity generation technology, space solar power (SSP). The United States, Japan, and other governments have begun investing in SSP but lack the benefit of a relevant economic context for informed decisions. We frame and analyze the economic relationship between SSP and competing electricity generation technologies with respect to direct costs, environmental externalities, and reliability. We also explicitly incorporate uncertainty and consider differences in the resource endowments available to electricity markets by considering four distinct world geographic regions.energy, environment, technological change, cost indices, space technology
LCRec: Learning Content Recommendation (Wiki-based Skill Book)
No full textKnowledge skills in the ICT-industry always evolve. With the vast variety of jobs available, it is unlikely to educate students with skills to fit every job-requirement. This issue inspired us to develop the Learning Content ecommender (LCRec) for students to find appropriate learning contents based on required job-skills. In order to bridge the required skill for industry and academia, we have to work on IT job-skills and the Computer Science Curriculum 2013 (CS2013). Skills from 48 publicly available job searching websites are used to investigate what the industry needs. We carried out experiments among professionals, academics, and students to test the usefulness of LCRec, and evaluated the feedbacks. LCRec successfully used Knowledge Units from CS2013, Wikipedia, and essential skills from job hunting websites, to benefit entry-level job seekers for finding necessary learning contents to study. It is also convenient for academics to look at the skills needed in industries, and to consider enhancing the curriculum with new skills. The study result demonstrated that it is possible to bridge the gap (what learning contents are lacking) between the academia and the industry.This article is published as Chalothon Chootong, Timothy K. Shih, Ankhtuya Ochirbat, Worapot Sommool, W. K. T. M. Gunarathne, Carl K. Chang, "LCRec: Learning Content Recommendation (Wiki-based Skill Book)," Journal of Internet Technology, vol. 20, no. 6 , pp. 1753-1766, Nov. 2019. doi:10.3966/160792642019102006007. Copyright Journal of Internet Technology 2019
Jobs Versus the Environment: An Industry-level Perspective
No full textThe possibility that workers could be adversely affected by environmental policies imposed on heavily regulated industries has led to claims of a "jobs versus the environment" trade-off by both business and labor leaders. The present research examines this claim at the industry level for four heavily polluting industries: pulp and paper mills, plastic manufacturers, petroleum refiners, and iron and steel mills. By focusing on labor effects across an entire industry, we construct a measure relevant to the concerns of key stakeholders, such as labor unions and trade groups. We decompose the link between environmental regulation and employment into three distinct components: factor shifts to more or less labor intensity, changes in total expenditures, and changes in the quantity of output demanded. We use detailed plant-level data to estimate the key parameters describing factor shifts and changes in total expenditures. We then use aggregate time-series data on industry supply shocks and output responses to estimate the demand effect. We find that increased environmental spending generally does not cause a significant change in industry-level employment. Our average across all four industries is a net gain of 1.5 jobs per 1 million in additional expenditures. These effects can be linked to favorable factor shifts—environmental spending is more labor intensive than ordinary production—and relatively inelastic estimated demand.
Mobility Pattern Learning and Route Prediction Based Location Management in PCS Network
No full textMobile host (MH) has to be tracked in personal communication service (PCS) network, for which update and paging signals are required. The number of PCS network subscribers skyrocketed in recent years. To reuse channels over a distance, cell size is reduced and the number of cell crossing by user is becoming high. That makes optimal use of paging and update signal very important. In fact, most MH has unique movement profile, that contains the information of time, route, direction, etc., which is possible to learn and used to predict location. In this paper, we propose mobility pattern based location management scheme using the movement profile. Mobility pattern is learned and system will page only the restricted probable area. We compared the proposed scheme with distance-based location management. Improved cost saving is achieved
Motion analysis of scale video by motion estimation and bicubic interpolation
No full text碩士過去二十多年來，有關於應用於影片編碼的動量搜尋演算法不在少數，這些演算法中主要是為了改進全域搜尋演算法，進而加快動量的估算與減少計算上的複雜度和時間。但是這些方法皆是使用固定大小的區塊去估算，若是將之應用在縮放的影片中，會有區塊大小的變化，對於比對上就會造成嚴重的誤差。為了解決縮放的影片中區塊的縮放不定，提出了一個計算整段影片的縮放倍率的方法，並將計算後的結果應用到影像的修補上，過去的影像修補是對平移的影片中的物件做修補，而我們將本論文提出的方法應用到含有縮放的影片中，並對影片中的物件進行修補。Most motion estimation algorithms are proposed for video coding during past twenty years. These algorithms are improved to speed up the estimation of motion vector and to decrease time complexity computationally. These methods are using of fixed block size. There are problems when using fixed block size in variety of scale videos. So we propose a method to calculate the variety of scale videos using unfixed block size. We use our method to inpaint the moving object horizontally in scale videos which are different from in planning videos in the past.目錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 論文組織與架構 8
第二章 理論基礎與相關研究 10
2.1 色彩模型 10
2.2 內插演算法 15
2.3 其他相關研究 22
第三章 研究方法 26
3.1 縮放概念 26
3.2 區塊的選取與縮放 28
3.3 縮放倍率的計算 47
第四章 縮放影片的修補應用 62
4.1修補簡介 62
4.2 修補流程圖 63
第五章 實作環境與結果 74
5.1 開發平台 74
5.2 系統介面與操作 77
5.3 系統簡介 79
第六章 結論與未來展望 91
6.1 結論 91
6.2 未來展望 93
參考文獻 94
附錄 96
圖目錄
圖 一.老舊影片雜訊偵測與修補 2
圖 二.受損照片與修補的結果 3
圖 三.物件移除與修補 4
圖 四.物件移除與修補（無鬼影現象） 5
圖 五.RGB色彩模型 11
圖 六.CMY色彩模型圖 12
圖 七. Nearest Neighbor Rule方法的表示圖 16
圖 八. Bilinear Interpolation方法的表示圖 17
圖 九. Bicubic Interpolation方法的表示圖 18
圖 十.Lena原圖以及放大測試圖片 20
圖 十一.動量估測演算法測試及動量圖 24
圖 十二. 影像放大示意圖 26
圖 十三. 影像縮小示意圖 27
圖 十四.選取區塊修改示意圖 31
圖 十五.選取區塊的九種狀況 35
圖 十六.mB縮放示意圖 36
圖 十七.Type 1的mB縮放座標變化 37
圖 十八.Type 2的mB縮放座標變化 38
圖 十九.Type 3的mB縮放座標變化 38
圖 二十.Type 4的mB縮放座標變化 39
圖 二十一. Type 5的mB縮放座標變化 40
圖 二十二. Type 6的mB縮放座標變化 41
圖 二十三. Type 7的mB縮放座標變化 42
圖 二十四. Type 8的mB縮放座標變化 43
圖 二十五. Type 9的mB縮放座標變化 44
圖 二十六. 將Type 9的mB放大 45
圖 二十七. 將Type 9的mB縮小 46
圖 二十八.判斷影像序列種類示意圖 49
圖 二十九.（a）和（b）為”static” motion maps 50
圖 三十.（a）和（b）為”planning” motion maps 51
圖 三十一.（a）和（b）為”zoom in” motion maps 51
圖 三十二. （a）和（b）為”zoom out” motion maps 52
圖 三十三. 判斷縮放時Image所分出的四個區域 53
圖 三十四.frame的中心區塊B 57
圖 三十五.放大比較示意圖 58
圖 三十六.直方圖 59
圖 三十七.比對找最相似的frame示意圖 61
圖 三十八.將欲修補的物件標記成為紅色矩形 64
圖 三十九.採用矩形的座標來紀錄標記物件 65
圖 四十.影像序列中物件所經過的區域示意圖 66
圖 四十一.Borland C++ Builder 6.0的使用介面 75
圖 四十二.Borland C++ Builder 6.0 功能區圖示 76
圖 四十三.系統執行畫面 77
圖 四十四.載入影片與判斷影片種類 78
圖 四十五.本系統的元件架構示意圖 79
圖 四十六.固定放大倍率區間間隔直方圖 87
圖 四十七.修補前後對照例子一 89
圖 四十八.修補前後對照例子二 90學號: 695410489, 學年度: 9
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