305 research outputs found
The impact of a young radio galaxy: clues from the cosmic ray electron population
No full textIn the framework of hierarchical structure formation, active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback shapes the galaxy luminosity function. Low luminosity, galaxy-scale double radio sources are ideal targets to investigate the interplay between AGN feedback and star formation. We use Very Large Array and BIMA millimetre-wave array observations to study the radio continuum emission of NGC 3801 between 1.4 and 112.4 GHz. We find a prominent spectral break at ~10 GHz, where the spectrum steepens as expected from cosmic ray electron (CRe) ageing. Using the equipartition magnetic field and fitting JP models locally, we create a spatially resolved map of the spectral age of the CRe population. The spectral age of τint = 2.0 ± 0.2 Myr agrees within a factor of 2 with the dynamical age of the expanding X-ray emitting shells. The spectral age varies only little across the lobes, requiring an effective mixing process of the CRe such as a convective backflow of magnetized plasma. The jet termination points have a slightly younger CRe spectral age, hinting at in situ CRe re-acceleration. Our findings support the scenario where the supersonically expanding radio lobes heat the interstellar medium (ISM) of NGC 3801 via shock waves, and, as their energy is comparable to the energy of the ISM, are clearly able to influence the galaxy's further evolution
Outcome analysis and outcome predictors of severe traumatic brain injury in patients admitted to a level 1 trauma unit
No full textA dissertation submitted in the fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Sciences in Emergency Medical Care at the Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2023.Introduction: Rapid transportation to the relevant trauma facility is crucial in the
mortality and morbidity of severely injured patients. Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
remains the source of international mortality and morbidity, surpassing all other
trauma-related injuries. Predicting patient outcomes in TBIs involves formulating a
logical association between the patient’s initial assessment and overall patient
outcome.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyse patient outcome in severe TBI
according to their transportation methods to a level 1 trauma facility and the associated
outcome predictors.
Methods: This study was a retrospective, quantitative study based on patient
outcomes and the associated outcome predictors in patients transported to Inkosi
Albert Luthuli Central Hospital (IALCH) by different transport methods between
January 2017 to December 2018. All patients were categorised according to age and
the severity of traumatic brain injury. All patients older than 12 years of age were
included in this study. Patients classified as having a severe traumatic brain injury
(TBI) based on the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and/or CT scan findings were
included in this study.
Results: There were 202 patients included in the study; 167 were males. Motor vehicle
collision was the most common mechanism of injury, accounting for 41.1% of patients’
injuries in the study. Mortality was significantly greater in direct admissions compared
to interhospital transfers (p<0.001). Patients who were directly admitted to IALCH were
admitted for a shorter length of stay compared to inter-hospital transfer. A significantly
higher mortality rate in hypotensive patients on arrival at the emergency department
(ED) was identified (p=0.02). This study revealed a borderline significance between
hyperglycemia and mortality, suggesting that further research would be interesting
(p=0.07). New injury severity score (NISS), revised trauma score (RTS) and Glasgow
Coma Scale (GCS) demonstrated good predictions of mortality. However, the results
of this study suggest that the new injury severity score was the most accurate predictor
of outcome.
Conclusion: These results suggest that assessments of physiological/anatomical
scoring systems and predictors of the outcome can be a valuable component in predicting mortality in cases of severe traumatic brain injury and that the mechanism
of the injury influences mortality and the length of stay.
Spectral ageing in the lobes of FR-II radio galaxies: new methods of analysis for broad-band radio data
No full textThe broad-bandwidth capabilities of next generation telescopes such as the Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) mean that the spectrum of any given source varies significantly within the bandwidth of any given observation. Detailed spectral analysis taking this variation into account is set to become standard practice when dealing with any new broad-band radio observations; it is therefore vital that methods are developed to handle this new type of data. In this paper, we present the Broadband Radio Astronomy ToolS (brats) software package and, use it to carry out detailed analysis of JVLA observations of three powerful radio galaxies. We compare two of the most widely used models of spectral ageing, the Kardashev–Pacholczyk and Jaffe–Perola models and also results of the more complex, but potentially more realistic, Tribble model. We find that the Tribble model provides both a good fit to observations as well as providing a physically realistic description of the source. We present the first high-resolution spectral maps of our sources and find that the best-fitting injection indices across all models take higher values than have previously been assumed. We present characteristic hotspot advance speeds and make comparison to those derived from dynamical ages, confirming the previously known discrepancy in speed remains present when determined at high spectral resolutions. We show that some previously common assumptions made in determining spectral ages with narrow-band radio telescopes may not always hold and strongly suggest that these are accounted for in future investigations
Contributions of Joseph Hardcastle to accounting theory
No full textJoseph Hardcastle was one of the foremost authorities on subjects connected with the mathematics of finance and other topics in accounting in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As a teacher, author, and leader in the profession, he figured prominently in the elevation of accountancy. Hardcastle is relatively unknown in the literature except for having the distinction of scoring the highest grades on the first CPA exam in New York in 1896. However, he was well respected during his time as one of the premier theorists in accounting and was awarded an honorary degree of Master of Letters by New York University. Because of his prolific writings, his teaching of future accountants, and his interactions with members of the Institute of Accounts, he had a strong impact on the science of accounts, the dominant accounting theory in the U.S. at the turn of the century
Contributions of Joseph Hardcastle to Accounting Theory
No full textJoseph Hardcastle was one of the foremost authorities on subjects connected with the mathematics of finance and other topics in accounting in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As a teacher, author, and leader in the profession, he figured prominently in the elevation of accountancy. Hardcastle is relatively unknown in the literature except for having the distinction of scoring the highest grades on the first CPA exam in New York in 1896. However, he was well respected during his time as one of the premier theorists in accounting and was awarded an honorary degree of Master of Letters by New York University. Because of his prolific writings, his teaching of future accountants, and his interactions with members of the Institute of Accounts, he had a strong impact on the “science of accounts,” the dominant accounting theory in the U.S. at the turn of the century.</jats:p
Evaluating the need for CT angiography in diagnosing vascular injury in penetrating neck injuries in the Pietermartizburg metropolitan trauma service.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.Abstract available in PDF.Prof Jaqueline van Wyk and Dr Van Wyk, consultant surgeon from Port Shepstone Hospital were acknowledged by the author
Using Altmetric data to encourage author engagement at Taylor & Francis
No full textJames Hardcastle, Head of Business Development at Wizdom.ai and former Senior Manager in the Research & Analytics department at Taylor & Francis, shares how Taylor & Francis use books data from Altmetric to encourage author engagement
What′s new in emergencies, trauma and shock? Pellets, rubber bullets, and shotguns: Less lethal or not?
No full textWhat′s new in emergencies, trauma and shock? Extraperitoneal pelvic pressure packing: Placing this procedure in context
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