22 research outputs found
[Photograph 2012.201.B0941.0610]
No full textPhotograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Timothy Nelson tries to spar with a friendly patrolman but can't clench his crippled hands.
Clench Strength Prediction for Prosthesis Hand Using Surface Electromyogram
No full textThis thesis is submitted to the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biomedical Engineering, September 2012.Cataloged from PDF Version of Thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 92-98).Hand is the main environmental manipulator for humans. Therefore, any accidental lost
of hand does a great harm in amputee life. Only choice left that he or she is using
prosthesis, which is dated back to ancient time. Due to their usefulness prosthesis is also
used in modern days. Now-a-day robotic rehabilitation opens a new era in the field of
prosthesis. They are more capable of doing things compared to their ancestors.
However, to duplicate the complex work of hand, the robotic hand is needed to
complete two basic operations first one is predict the angular displacement and another
one is the estimation of force. Estimation of force is essential for instance when drinking
from a glass, one needs to apply sufficient grip force to prevent the object from slipping
Out of the hand. In addition, one needs to control the total torque exerted on the glass
such that the glass remains vertical. Usually, the requirements for grip force
stabilization allow for some laxity, while the requirements for total torque production
are highly specified. The grip force needs only to be larger than the slip threshold and
smaller than the force that would break the object. Different researchers used different
approach to solve this problem like body-powered prostheses, force-sensitive resistors.
Nevertheless, when it comes to rehabilitation of amputee they are not up to the mark in
practical field.Using of Electromyography (EMG) in the robotic rehabilitation shows some hope.
Muscle tissue conducts electrical potentials similar to the way nerves do and the name
given to these electrical signals is the muscle action potential. A muscle is composed of
bundles of specialized cells capable of contraction and relaxation. The primary function
of these specialized cells is to generate forces, movements and the ability to
communicate such as speech or writing or other modes of expression. The skeletal
muscle tissue is attached to the bone and its contraction is responsible for supporting
and moving the skeleton. The contraction of skeletal muscle is initiated by impulses in
the neurons to the muscle and is usually under voluntary control. Skeletal muscle fibers
are well-supplied with neurons for its contraction. This depolarization, accompanied by
a movement of ions, generates an electric field near each muscle fiber. An EMG signal
is the train of Motor Unit Action Potential (MUAP) showing the muscle response to
neural stimulation. There is a clear relationship between force and EMG. The higher the
muscle force, the higher EMG level is developed. Clench force estimation is highly
desirable in the field of prosthesis hand. It is one of the most used postures among
different types of postures. In this thesis, the author proposes to estimate the clench
force using two types of Surface Electromyography (SEMG): rectified SEMG and
integrated SEMG. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used to estimate the force
from SEMG. For weight adjustment of the estimator Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) back
propagation algorithm is used. The proposed network is trained and tested using SEMG
recorded from five subjects. The estimation result clearly shows that integrated SEMG
performed 3.53 times better than rectified SEMG in the case of cross correlation
coefficient. So integrated SEMG is recommended for clench force estimation. A neural
number based experiment is also done to find the optimal number of neurons in hidden
layer, which are five neurons as previously described neural network. In addition to that,
these result also compared with Support Vector Machine (S\TM). Same result is found
for integrated SEMG. In the case of rectified SEMG ANN is more suitable than SVM.Sheikh Shanawaz MostafaMaster of Science in Biomedical Engineering
Монголын нууц товчоо хийгээд орчин цагийн монгол хэлний гарал нэгтэй хэдэн хэлцийн тухай: On some phraseologisms of the Secret History of the Mongols and modern Mongolian language of one origin
No full textIn this paper, the author compares one phraseologism from the Secret History of the Mongols with some phraseologisms of modem Mongolian language. According to the author, the phraseologism of ilugey-iyen ja’uba ‘to bite one's lower lip’ has one origin with some modem Mongolian phraseologisms such as хөмхийгөө зуух ‘to set ones jaw’, шазуур зуух ‘to bite one's lower lip’, шүд зуух ‘to clench one's teeth’, араагаа зуух, араандаа зуух ‘to clench mid molar’
Painter, poet, mountain: After Cézanne
No full text"Painter, Poet, Mountain: After Cézanne" re-enacts a journey to Aix-en-Provence in 2013, where the poet found herself in a “heart-soul-mind-clench” with the post-Impressionist painter Paul Cézanne. Her book traces how the artist accompanied her home to the Fraser Valley outside Fort Langley, British Columbia, where she gazed through his eyes to see afresh the trees and landscapes near her home. Readers may be surprised to discover the impact of Cézanne’s achievement on later poets, philosophers, and writers, the enormity and enduring quality of his legacy. Read as a whole, this book suggests that Cézanne was an early deep ecologist. -- From publisher description.poetr
Men Who Abuse Women: Testing a Narrative-Feminist Approach to Group Psychotherapy
No full textAlthough a number of treatment approaches are available to psychotherapists who work with men who abuse women, we still know very little about how to effectively treat these men (Smedslund, Dalsbø, Steiro, Winsvold, & Clench-Aas, 2011). This study set out to test the efficacy of a process group for partner violent men, a group that was guided largely by a narrative-feminist philosophy developed by Australian psychologist Alan Jenkins (Jenkins, 1990). A secondary analysis of data was conducted on a sample of 821 partner violent men who were self- or court-referred to a non-profit community counseling agency in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Demographic data were obtained and self-report measures were administered at two time-points, pre- and post-treatment. A cross-lagged panel model was specified to evaluate the longitudinal effects of the group. Results found no change over time in men’s severity of abuse perpetration, psychological experience (depression and stress), self-esteem, and relationship functioning. Results showed that following treatment, men’s self-esteem decreased when they experienced greater psychological distress at the beginning of treatment. An unexpected finding in this study was the meaning of affective expression appeared to change for men from pre- to post-treatment. Findings are examined in light of the available literature, considering study limitations and directions for future scholarship
The Marine Mollusca of St. Martin, Lesser Antilles, collected by H.J. Krebs
No full textIn 1864 an anonymous list of species of the West Indian marine mollusks was published in Denmark. There were only twenty copies printed, seven of which were lost during transportation to the West Indies (CLENCH et al., 1947—1948, p. 23). The author was HENDRIK JOHANNES KREBS (1821—1907), Fig. 117, a Danish apothecary who lived on St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, from 1843 to 1870. Being the owner of a wholesale firm, he travelled throughout the West Indies, which gave him an opportunity to collect shells and plants. His species list was entitled: “The West-Indian Marine Shells with some remarks. A manuscript printed for circulation between collectors.” It was published by W. Laub’s Widow & Chr. Jorgensen, at Nykjöbing, Falster.
As this work is very rare, a republication was issued by CLENCH, AGUAYO & TURNER (1947—1948). The republication is preceded by some remarks, and concludes with a portrait of KREBS, a biography and a bibliography. For more data concerning KREBS, reference should be made to this republication
Analysing the representativeness of local-scale palaeodiversity measurements:a case from the Lower Cretaceous plant assemblage of Hautrage (Mons Basin, Belgium)
No full textTwo plant fossil-bearing beds from the middle Barremian of Belgium were analysed to ascertain how experimental designs affect conclusions regarding palaeodiversity at a local scale. We analysed eight lateral samples per bed taken regularly every 3 m using an exhaustive sub-sampling method. The Clench equation was used to evaluate the completeness of the taxonomic inventory of the samples and the sampling effort needed to obtain a reliable representation of diversity. The number of replicates needed to obtain the same representation of diversity from different nearby lateral samples of the same bed ranged from 5 to 19. Richness (S), Evenness (J) and the number of equiprobable taxa (2H’) greatly varied between samples from the same bed, even over short distances. Only one of the studied samples was representative of the taxonomic inventory of its bed. Our study shows that 1) the selection bias of the sampling area is reduced by increasing the number of lateral samples taken in a bed, enabling more reliable conclusions about local-scale diversity; 2) intense sub-sampling methods are needed to account for statistically independent observations of detailed lateral variation; and 3) sampling methods in palaeodiversity analyses must look for a similar degree of representativeness in samples rather than a homogeneous sample size. Using a sampling effort analysis provides evidence for the completeness of the data set, adjusting the amount of work required. Implementing the Clench equation in palaeodiversity analyses improves the performance of data acquisition in palaeoecological studies and provides a quality test of the data sets derived from them.</p
Improving air quality in metropolitan Mexico City : an economic valuation
No full textMexico City has for years experienced high levels of ozone and particulate air pollution. In 1995-99 the entire population of the Mexico City metropolitan area was exposed to annual average concentrations of fine particulate pollution (particulates with a diameter of less than 10micrometers, or PM10) exceeding 50 micrograms per cubic meter, the annual average standard in both Mexico and the United States. Two million people were exposed to annual average PM10 levels of more than 75 micrograms per cubic meter. The daily maximum one-hour ozone standard was exceeded at least 300 days a year. The Mexico Air Quality Management Team documents population-weighted exposures to ozone and PM10 between 1995 and 1999, project exposures in 2010, and computes the value of four scenarios for 2010: A 10 percent reduction in PM10 and ozone. A 20 percent reduction in PM10 and ozone. Achievement of ambient air quality standards across the metropolitan area. A 68 percent reduction in ozone and a 47 percent reduction in PM10 across the metropolitan area. The authors calculate the health benefits of reducing ozone and PM10 for each scenario using dose-response functions from the peer-reviewed literature. They value cases of morbidity and premature mortality avoided using three approaches: Cost of illness and forgone earnings only (low estimate). Cost of illness, forgone earnings, and willingness to pay for avoided morbidity (central case estimate). Cost of illness, forgone earnings, willingness to pay for avoided morbidity, and willingness to pay for avoided mortality (high estimate). The results suggest that the benefits of a 10 percent reduction in ozone and PM10 in 2010 are about 1.49 billion annually. In each case the benefits of reducing ozone amount to about 15 percent of the total benefits. By estimating the magnitude of the benefits from air pollution control, the authors provide motivation for examining specific policies that could achieve the air pollution reductions that they value. They also provide unit values for the benefits from reductions in ambient air pollution (for example, per microgram of PM10) that could be used as inputs into a full cost-benefit analysisof air pollution control strategies.Montreal Protocol,Public Health Promotion,Global Environment Facility,Air Quality&Clean Air,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Montreal Protocol,Air Quality&Clean Air,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Global Environment Facility,Transport and Environment
Benevolent sexism, perceived health risks, and the inclination to restrict pregnant women’s freedoms
No full textThe present study investigated the role of sexist ideology in perceptions of health risks during pregnancy and willingness to intervene on pregnant women’s behavior. Initially, 160 female psychology undergraduates at a university in the South East of England completed the
Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (Glick & Fiske, 1996). Two months later, in an apparently unrelated study, they rated the safety of 45 behaviours during pregnancy (e.g., drinking
alcohol, exercising, drinking tap water, and oral sex), and indicated their willingness to restrict pregnant women’s choices (e.g., by refusing to serve soft cheese or alcohol). As predicted, benevolent (but not hostile) sexism was related to willingness to restrict pregnant women’s choices. This effect was partially mediated by the perceived danger attributed to behaviours
