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Sattleria revisited: unexpected cryptic diversity on the Balkan Peninsula and in the south-eastern Alps (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
No full textHuemer, Peter, Timossi, Giovanni (2014): Sattleria revisited: unexpected cryptic diversity on the Balkan Peninsula and in the south-eastern Alps (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Zootaxa 3780 (2): 282-296, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.
FIGURE 5 in Megacraspedus laseni sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from the Dolomites of north-eastern Italy
No full textFIGURE 5. Map of habitats in the area around the type locality (arrow).Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Huemer, Peter, 2021, Megacraspedus laseni sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from the Dolomites of north-eastern Italy, pp. 559-566 in Zootaxa 4927 (4) on page 564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4927.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/454313
FIGURE 1 in Megacraspedus laseni sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from the Dolomites of north-eastern Italy
No full textFIGURE 1. Megacraspedus laseni sp. nov., adult male, holotype.Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Huemer, Peter, 2021, Megacraspedus laseni sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from the Dolomites of north-eastern Italy, pp. 559-566 in Zootaxa 4927 (4) on page 561, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4927.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/454313
FIGURE 1. Sattleria sophiae Timossi, 2014 in Description of the female of Sattleria sophiae Timossi, 2014 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
No full textFIGURE 1. Sattleria sophiae Timossi, 2014, female: A. Dorsal habitus; B. Genitalia, general view; black arrow pointing at hornshaped anterior process; C. Detail of genitalia highlighting the sclerotized apophyses. D. Papillae anales.Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Ruzzier, Enrico, 2020, Description of the female of Sattleria sophiae Timossi, 2014 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), pp. 491-494 in Zootaxa 4722 (5) on page 493, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.5.8, http://zenodo.org/record/360972
FIGURE 8 in Description of Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis subs. n. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cnephasiini) from the Pale di San Martino Mountain plateau (Dolomites, NE Italy)
Full text linkFIGURE 8. Comparison table of Sphaleroptera orientana female genitalia: A-B. Sphaleroptera orientana orientana from Austria (Whitebread, 2006; modified); C. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov.Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Ruzzier, Enrico, 2023, Description of Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis subs. n. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cnephasiini) from the Pale di San Martino Mountain plateau (Dolomites, NE Italy), pp. 1-11 in Zootaxa 5249 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/768520
Megacraspedus pentheres Walsingham 1920
No full textMegacraspedus pentheres species group. Based on the characters of the male genitalia Megacraspedus laseni is placed in the Megacraspedus pentheres species group sensu Huemer & Karsholt (2018) which includes following taxa: Megacraspedus pentheres Walsingham, 1920 Megacraspedus steineri Huemer & Karsholt, 2018 Megacraspedus gibeauxi Huemer & Karsholt, 2018 Megacraspedus multipunctellus Huemer & Karsholt, 2018 Megacraspedus teriolensis Huemer & Karsholt, 2018 Megacraspedus korabicus Huemer & Karsholt, 2018 Megacraspedus quadristictus Lhomme, 1946 = Megacraspedus carolustertius Gastón & Vives, 2020, syn. nov. Megacraspedus eburnellus Huemer & Karsholt, 2001 Megacraspedus laseni sp. nov. Synonymy note. Megacraspedus carolustertius was described from a single male specimen without diagnostic comparison to any related species (Gastón &Vives 2020). The holotype was collected in Teruel (Spain) and is a faded specimen with reduced wing markings. It clearly falls within the intraspecific variation of M. quadristictus externally. The male genitalia, though only prepared in standard technique and not unrolled, do not contradict this interpretation. We therefore synonymize M. carolustertius with M. quadristictus syn. nov., a species already reported from this part of Spain (Huemer & Karsholt 2018).Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Huemer, Peter, 2021, Megacraspedus laseni sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from the Dolomites of north-eastern Italy, pp. 559-566 in Zootaxa 4927 (4) on page 560, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4927.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/454313
Sattleria haemusi Huemer, sp. nov.
No full textSattleria haemusi Huemer, sp. nov. Type material. Holotype ♂, ‘SW Bulgaria, Rila Mts. Granchar Circus 2200 m N 42 °07´16 ´´ E 23 ° 35´28 ´´ 27.08. 2009, at light leg. B. Zlatkov & Y. Mutafchiev’ ‘GU 13 / 1356 ♂ P. Huemer’ ‘ BC TLMF Lep 08944’ (FBBZ). Paratype. Macedonia: 1 ♂, Tetovo, Povoa Sapka, Felskar, W Tetovo, 2130 m, 7.8. 2012, leg. C. Wieser, gen. slide GU 13 / 1360 ♂ P. Huemer DNA barcode id KML Lep 0 0 484 (LMK). Description. Adult (Fig. 4). Male. Head brown with cream-coloured face; labial palpus cream, mottled brown; antenna dark brown, scapus and flagellum covered with cream scales on lower surface; thorax and tegula brown. Wingspan 16.0–17.0 mm; forewing light brown with extended dark brown and whitish mottling, whitish costal and tornal spots ill defined; costa from base to terminal area dark brown; fold with two oblique black-brown spots, separated by light brown, a dot-shaped black spot at 1 / 2 and an ill-defined angulated spot at 3 / 5; termen with some black scales, fringes concolorous with ground colour, fringe line present; hindwing light grey brown with concolorous fringes. Forelegs and middle legs brown with white scales, hindlegs white with long white bristles. The colour and wing markings may differ slightly in fresh specimens as the type-material is rather worn. Female unknown. Male genitalia (Figs 11, 19). Uncus with rounded apex, culcitula moderately large, gnathos a large hook; tegumen anteriorly widened, broadly and deeply emarginated anterior margin; pedunculi long, slender; valva long, slender, extending almost to apex of uncus, distally slightly inflated with pointed tip and long apical setae; sacculus slender, hardly inflated, with acute apex; primary process of vinculum long, moderately broad, needle shaped, about level with sacculus; secondary process of vinculum fused with primary process, extending from base to about 2 / 5 of primary process, broadly arched, sub-oval with outer margins slightly serrate; saccus long, moderately slender; phallus moderately long and slender, straight, without medial projection, coecum weakly inflated with two minute basal sclerites, apex with small hooklet. Female genitalia. Unknown. Diagnosis. Sattleria haemusi is externally very similar to other strictly allopatric species of the genus with a divided basal streak of the forewing, i.e., S. melaleucella and S. dzieduszyckii, but is smaller than the former and with more distinct black-brown markings on the forewings compared to the latter. Dissection of genitalia is necessary for safe identification. The male genitalia closely match those of S. dinarica (Figs 9, 17), S. triglavica (Figs 10, 18) and S. dzieduszyckii (Figs 12, 20), but differ by the evenly curved sub-oval shape of the secondary process of the vinculum, from the former two also by the broader primary process with stronger setae. Molecular data (Fig. 21). The intraspecific divergence of the barcode region is low with 0.15% (p-dist) (n= 2). The distance to the nearest neighbour S. cottiella is 3.69% (p-dist) (n= 5). Bionomics. Host-plants and early stages are unknown. The few adults known to date have been collected in August at light at elevations of about 2100 to 2200 m. Distribution. Known with certainty only from the Rila Mts. (Bulgaria) and the Šar Planina Mts. (Macedonia), but from biogeographical considerations, unverified records from Albania (Povolný 2001) probably also refer to this species. Etymology. The name is derived from the latin noun haemus = Balkans, referring to the distribution of the species. MAP 1. The distribution of taxa of Sattleria in central and south-eastern Europe (exclusively based on examined material); altitudinal zones above 1600 m s.l. in blue.Published as part of Huemer, Peter & Timossi, Giovanni, 2014, Sattleria revisited: unexpected cryptic diversity on the Balkan Peninsula and in the south-eastern Alps (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), pp. 282-296 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 291-293, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/22795
Megacraspedus laseni Timossi & Huemer 2021, sp.nov.
No full textMegacraspedus laseni sp.nov. (Figs. 1–2) Type material. Holotype. Italy; Ƌ; prov. Belluno, PNDB, Feltre, rif. Dal Piaz, Monte Vette, 49.090217, 11.844197; 1990 m s.l.m.; 15.VII.2018; leg. G. Timossi; barcode identification number TLMF Lep 27088; genitalia slide number 1691 Ƌ Timossi G., MSNVe. Paratype: Italy, 1 Ƌ; prov. Belluno, PNDB, Feltre, rif. Dal Piaz, Monte Vette, 49.090217N, 11.844197E; 1990 m s.l.m.; 10.VII.2016; leg. G. Timossi; genitalia slide number 1569 Ƌ Timossi G., RCGT. Diagnosis. Megacraspedus laseni belongs to an informal group of species without black spots and striae along the veins of the forewings. The uniform colour of the forewings somehow resembles M. lanceolellus, M. bengtssoni, M. dolosellus, M. sumpichi, M. skulei; however, genitalia morphology and DNA barcode sequences associate it with the M. pentheres species group. In this group the new species is similar to M. eburnellus from which it is distinguished by the following characters of the male genitalia: uncus sub-square, valva exceeding uncus, saccus with acute apex, and particularly the slender sacculus. Description. Adult (Fig. 1). Male. Forewing length 7.0– 7.4 mm. Article 2 of labial palpus with moderately long scale brush, light brown on outer surface, white with light brown scale on inner surface; segment 3 white. Antennal scape without pecten, flagellum white, articles ringed with light brown. Head and thorax creamy white. Forewing white with dull sulphur-yellow scales distributed primarily from half of costa to apex and outer margin, two groups of 3-4 brown scales in middle and distal part of the cell; some brown scales also at the outer margin: cilia yellowish white. Hindwing greyish white with white cilia. Male genitalia (Fig. 2). Uncus sub-square, as long as wide, slightly narrower at base, distal margin slightly sinuate; gnathos hook stout, approximately length of uncus; tegumen with wide and hollowed anterior margin and broad pedunculi; valva long, extended beyond tip of uncus, moderately broad at the base, distal part slender, curved at pointed apex; sacculus short and thin; posterior margin of the broad vinculum weakly emarginated; saccus broad, V-shaped, with acute apex, ratio maximum width to length about 1, arched posterior margin with median thickened bar, short and robust lateral sclerites about 0.5 times maximum width of saccus; phallus with bulbous coecum, dorsally sclerotized, ventrally with elongated plate with 5 small teeth, ductus ejaculatorius with internal lamina. Female. Unknown. Distribution. Only known from the locus typicus (Veneto region, Italy). Biology. Host plant and early stages are unknown. The adults were collected at artificial light. Only one generation has been observed. Habitat. Information on habitat types as defined by the Habitat Directive (Angelini et al. 2016) is obtained from the maps of the Veneto region (https://www.regione.veneto.it/web/vas-via-vinca-nuvv/cartografia): the habitats at the collecting site and its surroundings are: alpine and boreal heaths (cod. 4060), siliceous alpine and boreal grasslands (cod. 6150), alpine and subalpine calcareous grasslands (cod. 6170), calcareous and limestone shale screes of the montane to alpine levels (Thlaspietea rotundifolii) (cod. 8120), calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation (cod. 8210) (Figs. 3, 5). Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to prof. Cesare Lasen (Belluno) botanist, florist and geobotanist and first president of the Dolomiti Bellunesi National Park. Molecular analysis. BIN BOLD:ADYY4582. The intraspecific distance is unknown (n = 1) whereas the interspecific divergence is high with 6.44% to the nearest species M. eburnellus (Table 1, Fig. 4). Distances to the nearest neighbour in the M. pentheres species group are generally extraordinarily large with 9.43% (p-dist.) on average (n = 7) (Table 1), and all species belong to different BINs (Ratnasingham & Hebert 2013). These values, however, are based on a low number of samples and DNA barcodes are unknown for two extra-European species (M. gibeauxi, M. multipunctellus).Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Huemer, Peter, 2021, Megacraspedus laseni sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from the Dolomites of north-eastern Italy, pp. 559-566 in Zootaxa 4927 (4) on pages 560-563, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4927.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/454313
Sattleria sophiae Timossi 2014
No full textSattleria sophiae Timossi, 2014 Material: ♀, Italy, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Pale di San Martino Natural Park, Rifugio Pedrotti 2581 m, 46°2679 N, 11°8409 E; 27/VII/2017, 22:00. Giovanni Timossi leg. and det. Habitus (Fig. 1a): Body length 5.5 mm. Head integument covered with long white scales. Head scales partially covering base of haustellum in ventro-lateral view. Labial palp elongated, covered with white scales. Antenna dark brown, covered with dense, greyish-brown scales; scape greyish white ventrally. Thorax covered with greyish-brown scales, posteriorly oriented; patagium not visible; tegula brown, bearing white scales at the posterior apex. Wingspan 11.2 mm; forewing length 5.2 mm. Forewing elliptic with pointed apex; basal two-thirds covered with scales of same greyish brown as on thorax except for a longitudinal patch of black scales on the basal third and between veins 1A+2A and CuA; apical third darkened due to scattered black-brown scales; termen without cilia. Hind wing white, less than one third the length of forewing, lanceolate in shape, slender with sinuous inner margin to falcate apex. Foreleg greyish brown; median and hind legs greyish white with darkened tarsomeres. Abdomen covered with whitegreyish and brown scales, all posteriorly oriented. Inner spur of metatibia about twice the length of outer one. Genitalia (Fig. 1b): eighth segment dorsally membranous, sternite with small pockets at anterior margin; posterior apophysis about three times the length of the anterior (Fig. 1c); anterior apophysis with reduced and strongly sclerotized base, bearing a horn-shaped anterior process (Fig. 1c); ostium bursae large; antrum as long as anterior apophysis, irregularly sclerotized; ductus bursae short; corpus bursae oval, without signum (Fig. 1b). Papillae anales membranous (Fig. 1d). Diagnosis. The reduced black scales on the forewing, with exception of the black basal fascia, makes S. sophiae at first glance easily distinguishable from all the other currently known congeners. However, due to the worn condition of this single female, this may be flawed. The distinctive black basal fascia of the forewing is only shared with a few other species, namely Sattleria basistrigella (Huemer, 1997), S. styriaca Pitkin & Sattler, 1991 and S. dzieduszyckii (Nowicki, 1864). The presence of a horn-shaped anterior process of the anterior apophysis of the female genitalia is a unique feature found only in S. sophiae . Since the existence of a cryptic species in sympatry with S. sophiae could not be excluded, DNA barcoding was used to match the female to known males. The comparison of LEASV340-19 sequence in BOLD showed a 99.85% similarity with S. sophiae. Distance analysis of the sequences between the female and two S. sophiae males confirms that it belongs to the aforementioned species: 0.153% between LEASV340-19 and LEATC054-13; 0.306 % between LEASV340-19 and PHLAH776-12. Habitat and bionomics. Currently S. sophiae is known only from the type locality, in the eastern Dolomites (Italy). The locus typicus is a rocky limestone plateau at an altitude of 2,500 m in the Pale di San Martino mountain range. The biology and early stages of this species are unknown. However, in analogy to other species of Sattleria (cf. Pitkin & Sattler 1991) it is likely that S. sophiae is associated with Silene sp. (Caryophyllaceae) and/or Saxifraga sp. (Saxifragaceae). Since the original description, more than 30 males have been collected using an 18-watt Wood’s light. Most males exhibited a peak flight activity after sunset following a drop in temperature, with flight activity decreasing after 22:00H. The flight activity of males appears not to be influenced by the presence or absence of wind. At the time of capture, the female was resting on a large limestone rock, at the bottom of one of the numerous crevices that occur in this kind of substrate. This hiding behavior has also been observed in another female of a currently unidentified species of Sattleria from the Marmolada massif. It is possible that this concealing strategy help females to remain accessible to males for mating while ensuring protection from sudden gusts of wind.Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Ruzzier, Enrico, 2020, Description of the female of Sattleria sophiae Timossi, 2014 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), pp. 491-494 in Zootaxa 4722 (5) on page 492, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.5.8, http://zenodo.org/record/360972
Sattleria dolomitica Huemer, sp. nov.
No full textSattleria dolomitica Huemer, sp. nov. Type material. Holotype ♂, ‘ Mann 1876 Schluder-bach’ ‘Mus. Vind. Gen. Präp. 1832 ♂ % 182 Pov. [remounted by P. Huemer]’ ‘ Sattleria basistrigella (M.-R.) det. L.M. Pitkin, 1988 ’ ‘ BC TLMF Lep 06699’ (NHMW). Description. Adult (Fig. 2). Male. Head cream coloured, anteriolateral part brown; labial palpus whitish cream with base of second segment mottled brown; antenna dark brown, scapus and flagellum covered with cream scales on lower surface; thorax and tegula light brown. Wingspan 19.5 mm; forewing light brown, with dark-brown transverse mottling at 3 / 4, extended longitudinal whitish area in middle of wing and large sub-triangular whitish costal and tornal spots at 4 / 5 medially separated by brown scales; costa from base to costal spot dark brown; fold with oblique black-brown line well defined, a dot-shaped black spot at 1 / 2 and an angulated one at 3 / 5; termen with distinct black dots, fringes concolorous with ground colour, well-defined fringe line present; hindwing light grey brown with concolorous fringes. Forelegs and middle legs brown with white scales, hindlegs white with long white bristles. The colour may slightly differ in fresh specimens as the holotype, the only specimen known, is somewhat faded due to the age of the specimen. Female unknown. Male genitalia (Figs 7, 15). Uncus with weakly-rounded apex, culcitula moderately large, gnathos a large hook; tegumen anteriorly widened, broadly with deeply emarginated anterior margin; pedunculi long, slender; valva long, slender, extending almost to apex of uncus, distally slightly inflated with pointed tip and long apical setae; sacculus with weakly inflated basal two-thirds, distally slender; primary process of vinculum long, needle shaped, about level with basal hump of sacculus; secondary process of vinculum fused with primary process, extending from near base to about middle of primary process, arched with acute medial part; saccus moderately long, evenly tapered; phallus long and slender, nearly straight, with weakly-developed medial projection, coecum weakly inflated with two minute basal sclerites, apex with small hooklet. Female genitalia. Unknown. Diagnosis. Sattleria dolomitica is externally very similar to several strictly allopatric species of the genus with a basal streak on the forewing (i.e., S. basistrigella, S. triglavica, S. styriaca and S. dinarica) and dissection of genitalia is necessary for safe identification. The male genitalia closely match those of S. basistrigella (Figs 8, 16) from the western Alps, but differ particularly by the acute secondary process of the vinculum and the less-humped basal part of the sacculus. The similar S. triglavica, S. dzieduszyckii, S. dinarica and S. haemusi can easily be separated by the rounded secondary process of the vinculum (Figs 9–12, 17– 20). Molecular data. No molecular data available. Sequencing of the barcode region failed. Bionomics. Host-plants and early stages are unknown. Distribution. Only known from the type-locality in the eastern Dolomites (Prov. South Tyrol, Italy). According to the original labelling, the holotype was collected by Josef Mann in the surroundings of Schluderbach (Toblach, South Tyrol). However, this locality is unsuitable for Sattleria due to its low altitude of only about 1400 m. The publication dealing with Mann´s material from the area does not mention any species of Gelechiidae that might be confused with Sattleria (Mann & Rogenhofer 1878), maybe with the exception of Acompsia tripunctella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775), and thus the exact type-locality remains dubious. Based on the original publication Mann mainly collected at lower altitudes, but on nine occasions he visited Monte Piana (2324 m) and he twice visited Dürrenstein (2839 m). From the elevation and habitat the latter is more likely the type-locality, but the possibly misidentified A. tripunctella was found on Monte Piana. Etymology. The name refers to the distribution area, the Dolomites, and is derived from the latinized adjective dolomitica. Remarks. The holotype of Sattleria dolomitica was dissected and figured by Povolný (1987) and attributed to a deviating individual of S. dzieduszyckii from the Alps. Pitkin & Sattler (1991) identified this specimen as belonging to the “main form” of nominotypical S. b. basistrigella. At the time of Pitkin & Sattler´s generic revision S. basistrigella was considered as a widely distributed taxon with two subspecies: S. b. basistrigella in the western Alps and the Dolomites and S. basistrigella triglavica in the south-eastern Alps and allegedly also in the Dinaric Alps. Recently, the south-western-most populations have been described as a distinct species S. graiaeella, supported by diagnostic morphology and molecular data. The south-eastern populations were upgraded to specific rank, viz. S. triglavica (Huemer & Hebert 2011), leaving S. basistrigella as a species restricted to a small area of the Pennine Alps (Valais, Switzerland) and the highly isolated ancient record from the Dolomites. However, reexamination of the singleton from the Dolomites and remounting of the Povolný slide using the ‘unrolling’ dissection technique (introduced for examination of complex genitalia in Gelechiidae by Pitkin (1986)) supports the existence of a further, previously overlooked and undescribed species (see also Discussion).Published as part of Huemer, Peter & Timossi, Giovanni, 2014, Sattleria revisited: unexpected cryptic diversity on the Balkan Peninsula and in the south-eastern Alps (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), pp. 282-296 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 287-288, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/22795
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