102 research outputs found
Noise Music, Environment and Peripheral Patterns
No full textThe development of the project Peripheral Patterns aims toward an autonomous software system for generative music, that takes as a point of departure, how sound is implicated in our experience of the everyday world in the city. This investigation began with the analysis and consideration of the contrasting soundscapes of the city and the natural settings. The analysis was found to show some correlation with the arrangement and frequencies of sounds in soundscapes and post-industrial noise music works. The above observations led me to the further analysis of soundscapes and noise music. My position on the current city soundscape is as follows: As the human is both a creature from the natural and urban environments, these contrasting vistas will create modern sonic topographies which are exhibited in noise music. Peripheral Patterns explores these convergent spaces to investigate the potential of the sound that is at the limits of human hearing. Whereas once animals occupied small spectral niches in the soundfield, a sky train can be heard passing over Commercial Drive as the constant white noise roars from the city. Conversely, there is a desire for something that resembles peace, a desire to return to an experience of natural soundscape. This thesis looks at a possible convergence of urban and natural soundscapes
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Strategic planning or managing change? : a study of approaches to strategy in English and Welsh local government at the millennium
No full textStrategic planning or managing change? : a study of approaches to strategy in English and Welsh local government at the millenium
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Cancer incidence in British vegetarians
No full textBackground:
Few prospective studies have examined cancer incidence among vegetarians.
Methods:
We studied 61 566 British men and women, comprising 32 403 meat eaters, 8562 non-meat eaters who did eat fish ('fish eaters') and 20 601 vegetarians. After an average follow-up of 12.2 years, there were 3350 incident cancers of which 2204 were among meat eaters, 317 among fish eaters and 829 among vegetarians. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated by Cox regression, stratified by sex and recruitment protocol and adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol, body mass index, physical activity level and, for women only, parity and oral contraceptive use.
Results:
There was significant heterogeneity in cancer risk between groups for the following four cancer sites: stomach cancer, RRs (compared with meat eaters) of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.07–1.20) in fish eaters and 0.36 (0.16–0.78) in vegetarians, P for heterogeneity=0.007; ovarian cancer, RRs of 0.37 (0.18–0.77) in fish eaters and 0.69 (0.45–1.07) in vegetarians, P for heterogeneity=0.007; bladder cancer, RRs of 0.81 (0.36–1.81) in fish eaters and 0.47 (0.25–0.89) in vegetarians, P for heterogeneity=0.05; and cancers of the lymphatic and haematopoietic tissues, RRs of 0.85 (0.56–1.29) in fish eaters and 0.55 (0.39–0.78) in vegetarians, P for heterogeneity=0.002. The RRs for all malignant neoplasms were 0.82 (0.73–0.93) in fish eaters and 0.88 (0.81–0.96) in vegetarians (P for heterogeneity=0.001).
Conclusion:
The incidence of some cancers may be lower in fish eaters and vegetarians than in meat eaters
Liberalising audit markets for local government: The five forces at work in England and the Netherlands
No full textBoth England and the Netherlands have seen efforts to liberalise their audit markets for local government in recent decades. According to economic theory, these should benefit buyers as increased competition produces lower prices and improved quality. Increasing the number of competing audit firms in markets traditionally dominated by few large firms is widely seen as a key ingredient to this process. However, liberalisation has taken different paths in England, compared to the Netherlands. In England, a national-level collaborative purchasing arrangement has seen a small number of large firms competing, whilst in the Netherlands, a free market has led to the withdrawal by Big-4 firms and rapidly growing market share by mid-tier and small firms. In this paper, we analyse contrasting market developments in local public audit in England and the Netherlands and accordingly analyse the underlying factors through applying an established framework for market analysis from industrial economics, Porter's five forces framework, together with an institutional logics approach to further understand the factors involved. We find the Porter framework a useful tool to identify structural differences between markets but one that requires further analysis to explain underlying dynamics, which in the case of Dutch and English local public audit markets is effectively provided by the use of concepts from institutional logics including a historical contingency analysis
Woolsack 1981 volume 22 numver 11
No full textTable of Contents:
Complaints Lead to Revision Of Moot Court Board Selection by Beth Kowalke-Baier
U.S. Economy Bound for Britain’s Dismal Fate? By Diane Kroeger
Distinguished Professor, Author Dies of Leukemia
From the Editors: Two Sides Seen In Recruitment Issue
From the Readers: Maudsley - Teacher and Scholar Leaves USD Much Improved
Guest Editorial: Moral Majority Threatens Freedom of Choice by Karen H. Meyer
SBA Gives Law Review Funds by John L. Hall
Briefly Speaking
Professor in Profile: Nathanson Discusses Admin. Law, Supreme Court Clerks by Janice M. Bellucci
Pigskin Review: Clean Hands On Top Undefeated by Lou Kerig
Stones, Thorogood, J. Geils Rock Sandy Eggo by John L Hall
Kelly\u27s Tree Frogs Shut-out K.A. 0.5. 4-0 by the Czar
Golf Tournament Planned Oct. 23https://digital.sandiego.edu/woolsack/1127/thumbnail.jp
Stakeholder attitudes towards audit credibility in English local government: A post‐Audit Commission analysis
No full textIn recent years, substantial changes have been implemented to the audit regimes for local authorities in several countries. Following the abolishment of the Audit Commission, a unique regime for the audit of local authorities has emerged in England, with external audit now fully conducted by private sector audit firms. Auditor appointments for the vast majority of local authorities are now managed by a new organisation, Public Sector Audit Appointments Limited (PSAA). Drawing on the determinants of audit credibility developed by Funnell, Wade and Jupe (2016), this paper examines how local authority stakeholders in the transformed landscape of local public audit in England perceive audit credibility, including the role of PSAA and other audit stakeholders. Findings show that the impact of current arrangements is positively perceived by stakeholders in relation to auditors’ technical competence and independence, at least in the short term, however significant concern is found amongst stakeholders regarding the usefulness of local public audits. Compared to Funnell et al. (2016), we ascribe these differences to the different context of audit in English local government and suggest the relative weighting of determinants of audit credibility are contingent
Monitoring local government financial sustainability: a Dutch-English comparison
No full textMonitoring of local public finance is an essential part of fiscal regulation, although national approaches interact with political and economic environments. England and the Netherlands provide telling similarities and differences in their local government contexts and approaches to such indicators. After a brief discussion of theoretical issues, this chapter compares the use of financial sustainability indicators (FSIs) in Dutch and English local government. It reviews the history, current use, bodies involved, the indicators themselves, and approaches to monitoring. In England, a long history of central oversight of local government, focused upon performance, came to an end in 2010. Ever since, there has been no systematic FSI monitoring, as central government has not implemented its own model, the NAO has not been legitimated, and the local government sector itself has only recently started focusing on financial resilience. The Netherlands has traditionally placed its focus with respect to FSI monitoring on fiscal rules, which are monitored at the regional level of the provinces. More than in England, the Dutch local government association has supported the development of FSIs whilst local government reporting on FSIs is mandatory. Finally, we show how different fiscal rules and governmental characteristics have resulted in contrasting developments of indicators and monitoring
Changing clinical practice through patient specific reminders available at the time of the clinical encounter : systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textOBJECTIVE: To synthesise current evidence for the influence on clinical behaviour of patient-specific electronically generated reminders available at the time of the clinical encounter. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Cochrane library of systematic reviews; Science Citation Index Expanded; Social Sciences Citation Index; ASSIA; EMBASE; CINAHL; DARE; HMIC were searched for relevant articles. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: We included controlled trials of reminder interventions if the intervention was: directed at clinician behaviour; available during the clinical encounter; computer generated (including computer generated paper-based reminders); and generated by patient-specific (rather than condition specific or drug specific) data. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials published since 1970. A random effects model was used to derive a pooled odds ratio for adherence to recommended care or achievement of target outcome. Subgroups were examined based on area of care and study design. Odds ratios were derived for each sub-group. We examined the designs, settings and other features of reminders looking for factors associated with a consistent effect. RESULTS: Altogether, 42 papers met the inclusion criteria. The studies were of variable quality and some were affected by unit of analysis errors due to a failure to account for clustering. An overall odds ratio of 1.79 [95% confidence interval 1.56, 2.05] in favour of reminders was derived. Heterogeneity was high and factors predicting effect size were difficult to identify. LIMITATIONS: Methodological diversity added to statistical heterogeneity as an obstacle to meta-analysis. The quality of included studies was variable and in some reports procedural details were lacking. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS: The analysis suggests a moderate effect of electronically generated, individually tailored reminders on clinician behaviour during the clinical encounter. Future research should concentrate on identifying the features of reminder interventions most likely to result in the target behaviour
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