109 research outputs found
A systematic review of the PSW diagnostic accuracy evidence for SLD identification: Is it time to abandon PSW?
No full textThis project hosts the author-accepted manuscript of the following published article:
Dombrowski, S. C., Benson, N. F., & Maki, K. E. (2025). A Systematic Review of the PSW Diagnostic Accuracy Evidence for SLD Identification: Is It Time to Abandon PSW? School Psychology Review, 54(3), 363–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/2372966X.2024.2369494
The final version of record is available via the publisher. This OSF project is provided for access and transparency
Strengthening the Baillie-PSW primality test
No full textAuthor original manuscript (preprint)In 1980, the first and third authors proposed a probabilistic primality test that has become known as the Baillie-PSW primality test. Its power to distinguish between primes and composites comes from combining a Fermat probable prime test with a Lucas probable prime test. No odd composite integers have been reported to pass this combination of primality tests if the parameters are chosen in an appropriate way. Here, we describe a significant strengthening of this test that comes at almost no additional computational cost. This is achieved by including in the test Lucas-V pseudoprimes, of which there are only five less than 10 (15)Ye
A Noise Study of the PSW Signature Family: Patching DRS with Uniform Distribution †
No full textAt PKC 2008, Plantard et al. published a theoretical framework for a lattice-based signature scheme, namely Plantard–Susilo–Win (PSW). Recently, after ten years, a new signature scheme dubbed the Diagonal Reduction Signature (DRS) scheme was presented in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) PQC Standardization as a concrete instantiation of the initial work. Unfortunately, the initial submission was challenged by Yu and Ducas using the structure that is present on the secret key noise. In this paper, we are proposing a new method to generate random noise in the DRS scheme to eliminate the aforementioned attack, and all subsequent potential variants. This involves sampling vectors from the n-dimensional ball with uniform distribution. We also give insight on some underlying properties which affects both security and efficiency on the PSW type schemes and beyond, and hopefully increase the understanding on this family of lattices
A Noise Study of the PSW Signature Family: Patching DRS with Uniform Distribution
No full textAt PKC 2008, Plantard et al. published a theoretical framework for a lattice-based signature scheme, namely Plantard-Susilo-Win (PSW). Recently, after ten years, a new signature scheme dubbed the Diagonal Reduction Signature (DRS) scheme was presented in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) PQC Standardization as a concrete instantiation of the initial work. Unfortunately, the initial submission was challenged by Yu and Ducas using the structure that is present on the secret key noise. In this paper, we are proposing a new method to generate random noise in the DRS scheme to eliminate the aforementioned attack, and all subsequent potential variants. This involves sampling vectors from the n-dimensional ball with uniform distribution. We also give insight on some underlying properties which affects both security and efficiency on the PSW type schemes and beyond, and hopefully increase the understanding on this family of lattices
To what extent, and in which ways, do community integration projects in the UK support the psychosocial wellbeing of refugee members?
No full textThe number of forcibly displaced people worldwide currently sits at 108.4 million, with nearly 329,000 refugees recorded as living in the UK. UK asylum and immigration policy is becoming ever more restrictive with the backdrop of the hostile environment, including no right to work for asylum seekers, the Nationality and Borders Act 2022 and, most recently, the Illegal Migration Act 2023. Such policies serve to disrupt asylum seeker and refugee integration within UK communities, requiring third-sector organisations, including community integration projects (CIPs), to fill statutory gaps. A lot has been written about CIPs but there are still opportunities to discover to what extent, and in which ways, they support the psychosocial wellbeing (PSW) of refugee members, drawing on experience from emergency and humanitarian settings.
This narrative literature review of 20 studies overall finds that CIPs support the PSW of refugee members through safe space provision, facilitating meaningful occupation, addressing members’ marginalisation and through contributions to integration strategy. These findings have been analysed in light of the Indicators of Integration framework and the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) core principles, with the author suggesting that support of PSW in integration settings would be facilitated by implementation of the IASC MHPSS principles.
The author suggests updating the Indicators of Integration framework to include ‘agency’ under the Facilitators heading, and the creation of guidelines similar to the IASC MHPSS ones for emergencies but for integration settings
Reliability and validity of IMU-based foot progression angle measurement under different gait retraining strategies
No full textBackground Gait retraining strategies are used to reduce medial compartment load in people with medial knee osteoarthritis. Two key gait retraining strategies are based on changing the foot progression angle (FPA). The FPA can be measured using a pressure sensitive walkways (PSW), but inertial measurement units (IMUs) are considered more suitable for routine clinical use.Research question The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of an IMU system to measure FPA under different gait retraining strategies in a potential clinical setting.Methods Twenty healthy participants (14 females, 6 males, mean age=33.7 years, SD=10.3 years) walked along a ± 8.5 m long path using different gait strategies (2x natural gait, 1x toe-out -and 1x toe-in gait) during four 90 second trials. FPA was measured simultaneously with the IMUs (Opal, APDM, Portland, USA) and a PSW (Zeno™ Walkway, ProtoKinetics, Havertown, USA), the latter considered the reference standard.Results Test-retest intraclass correlations (ICCs) for the IMUs and the PSW were indicative of good and excellent reliability respectively (IMU ICC=0.89; PSW ICC=0.97). This difference in reliability was also reflected by a higher standard error of measurement (SEM) for IMUs compared to the PSW (IMUs SEM=1.6°, PSW SEM=0.96°). Minimal detectable change (MDC) was 4.5° for the IMUs and 2.7° for the PSW. The repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant effect of gait type on FPA (p<.001), whereas the measurement instrument did not affect FPA (p=.875). Bland-Altman plots indicate good agreement of both systems for the baseline condition, though the IMUs seem to consistently overestimate the FPA value compared to the PSW. We conclude that IMUs are reliable and valid measurement systems for measuring FPA in natural gait, toe-out and toe-in gait. Differences between the systems are significant for all gait strategies, so systems should not be used interchangeably.Significance The IMUs provide a promising tool for clinicians and researchers aiming to quantify FPA for gait retraining.Biomedical Engineering | Bioelectronic
Reliability and Validity of IMU-Based Foot Progression Angle Measurement under Different Gait Retraining Strategies
Get PDFLoad modifying gait retraining strategies, such as changing the foot progression angle (FPA) to toe-in and toe-out gait, are used for people with medial knee osteoarthritis. The FPA can be measured using a pressure sensitive walkway (PSW), but inertial measurement units (IMUs) are considered more suitable for clinical use. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of an IMU system, to measure FPA under different gait retraining strategies. Twenty healthy participants walked a 10-m-long path using different gait strategies (natural (2), toe-out gait (1), toe-in gait (1)) during four 90-s trials. FPA was measured simultaneously with IMUs and a PSW, the latter considered the reference standard. There was good and excellent reliability for the IMUs and PSW FPA measurements, respectively (ICC: IMU, 0.89; PSW, 0.97). Minimal detectable change (MDC) was 4.5° for the IMUs and 2.7° for the PSW. Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant effect of gait type on FPA (p < 0.001), but not the measurement instrument (p = 0.875). Bland–Altman plots demonstrated the good agreement of both systems for the baseline condition, though the IMUs seemed to consistently overestimate the FPA value compared to the PSW. In conclusion, IMUs are a reliable and valid measurement system for measuring FPA under different gait retraining strategies. The differences between the systems are significant for all gait strategies, so the systems should not be used interchangeably.Biomechatronics & Human-Machine Contro
LCA of Passive Smart Windows: A framework for assessing and comparing the environmental impact of Auto-Responsive glazing
No full textThe building sector is increasingly acknowledging the necessity to mitigate its environmental impact in response to the challenges posed by climate change. Adaptive facades specifically are used to develop a dynamic control of the envelope’s properties, modifying their behaviour in response to outdoor conditions and indoor stimuli. Thermochromic and photochromic technologies, also known as Passive Smart Windows (PSW) are passive solutions that aim to regulate solar gains through the integration of an Auto-Responsive (AR) layer, particularly for cooling purposes, to reduce energy consumption and minimize the operational impact of buildings.Existing literature predominantly concentrates on the performance aspects of these technologies, mainly due to their early development stages. However, there remains a gap in assessing the overall environmental impact, both in terms of impact perspective, thus considering several possible effectson the environment, and from a life cycle perspective, thus including both embodied and operational dimensions. The embodied impact, in particular, lacks comprehensive examination beyond considerations of Global Warming Potential (GWP). Furthermore, the dynamic landscape of materials and principles utilized in these technologies adds complexity to their evaluation.This thesis project aims to bridge these gaps by establishing a comprehensive framework for evaluating the total impact of PSW, encompassing both embodied and operational stages. Through comparative analysis with alternative Dynamic Window Systems (DWS), comprising static windows paired with dynamic shading devices, the framework facilitates a thorough examination. Operational energy calculations are grounded in energy simulations of a standard office space with an exposed facade, while the description of the embodied stages gives an overview of the life cycle of PSW, with focus on different possibilities integrating the AR layer and their consequences.The application of the framework in a case study reveals nuanced findings. While the GWP of PSW decreases of 1,1%, most of the other impact of PSW increase, including a growth of 0,1% of the Single Score. PSW has a lower impact compared to DWS due to the increased energy demand of the latter but, contrary to the initial expectations, the PSW does not consistently outperform static glazing due to conservative assumptions in energy simulation and a higher replacement rate, which significantly escalates embodied impact. Notably, challenges arise in defining materials for the AR layer, necessitating collaboration with manufacturers to improve data availability.The study identifies replacement as a critical factor in determining overall impact, underscoring the importance of extending the lifespan of PSW or to consider a detachable layer to enhance its environmental sustainability. However, criticisms regarding the partial nature of the analysis emerge, particularly in neglecting user comfort and control over the facade, as well as the temporal flexibility of the technology. Future research directions should incorporate these aspects for a more comprehensive evaluation.Ultimately, this thesis emphasizes the interdependency between the LCA approach, the energy simulation and the context of the PSW’s application. This highlights that the environmental impact assessment of such building elements can not leave the contextual application out of consideration in order to provide a sufficiently reliable result, thus limiting the use of this framework mainly to defined projects rather than to the estimation of generic impact for a PSW product.Civil Engineering | Building Engineering | Building Physics and Technolog
3.1.1. Pumpspeicherkraftwerke (PSW)
No full textEnergiespeicherAus dem Kapitel 3. Speichertechnologien; 3.1 Mechanische und thermomechanische SpeicherN
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