174 research outputs found
Augmentation of pool boiling heat transfer with open micro-channel surfaces
No full textNucleate pool boiling is an efficient heat transfer mechanism widely utilized in thermal management applications such as electronic cooling and nuclear power systems. Enhancing the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and the critical heat flux (CHF) is crucial for improving system performance and preventing thermal failures. Micro-channel structures have proven effective in enhancing nucleate boiling by modifying fluid dynamics and increasing surface area for heat dissipation. This study examines the effect of micro-channel integration on nucleate pool boiling performance. Circular copper heated surfaces with micro-channels of varying depths (0.5–1.5 mm) having the pitch and width were kept constant at 0.5 mm. The surface area factor (SAF) varied between 1.64 and 3.87. Experiments were conducted in deionized water (DI) under saturation temperature at 1 atm. Results indicate a notable 421% and %848 enhancement in CHF and HTC compared to baseline plain surfaces respectively, demonstrating the effectiveness of micro-channel design in improving heat dissipation. Additionally, CHF performance was evaluated, highlighting the role of structured surfaces in thermal management. These findings contribute to the optimization of micro-channel configurations for advanced heat transfer applications.Özyeğin Üniversites
Quatrains of Many Receptions: A Survey of Perceptions of 'Omar Khayyām in Ottoman and Turkish Translations
No full textThis article explores the wide range of responses to Persian polymath and poet 'Omar Khayyām (d. ca. 526/1132) in Ottoman and Turkish literary sources. A great number of intellectuals, past and present, translated Khayyām's famed quatrains into Turkish, albeit with differing motivations regarding subject, style, message, and literary reception. Social critics like Abdullah Cevdet employed Khayyām's quatrains as a vehicle for proving that liberal and progressive mindsets were accommodated in classical Islam. On the other hand, literary scholars like Rlza Tevfik [BölÜkbaşl], HÜseyin Dāniş, and AbdÜlbaki Gölplnarll chose to focus on the intellectual origins of Khayyām's thought, as well as on his connections to Islamic philosophical traditions. In the first decades of the Turkish Republic, there was another wave of interest in Khayyām's quatrains related to prosody, message, and what his legacy and poetic disposition represented with regard to the Islamic past. Whereas poets like Yahya Kemal and Âsaf Hâlet Çelebi regarded him as a paragon of libertine lyrics and Sufi mysticism, Turkish leftist intellectuals such as Nâzlm Hikmet, Sabahattin Eyuboǧlu, and A. Kadir set him as a socialist or materialist humanist who was a staunch critic of religious bigotry and fanaticism
The Garip Preface (1941)
No full textTogether with Melih Cevdet (1915–2002) and Oktay Rifat (1914–88), Orhan Veli
(1914–50) was a founding member of the Garip Movement, a small group of poets who promoted the use of simple language in a radical break from the elevated rhetoric of the classical Ottoman poets. While poets of the earlier twentieth century such as the humanist Tevfik Fikret, the modernist Ahmed Haşim, and the lyrical Yahya Kemal laid the foundations of modern Turkish poetry, they still did not break completely from all aspects of the Ottoman tradition. It wasn’t until the advent of the Garip Movement that this total break was achieved by repudiating the older tradition in every way
Expression, purification, and antifungal activity of the Epichloë festucae antifungal protein Efe-AfpA
No full textThe Class I Clavicipitaceous endophyte Epichloё is a genus of fungi that infects many turfgrasses, resulting in a variety of benefits for the grass host. Besides the anti-herbivory compounds produced and the altered physiology of the grass, Epichloё festucae has been shown to provide fungal disease resistance, a unique benefit of its association with the grass host Festuca rubra. Specifically, E. festucae infection of F. rubra provides resistance to dollar spot disease caused by Clarireedia jacksonii, a very detrimental disease of turfgrasses.Previous research identified an abundant E. festucae antifungal protein, Efe-AfpA, expressed in the infected plants. This led to the hypothesis that the antifungal protein was important in the observed disease resistance. Laboratory tests showed that the endophyte produced anti-fungal protein Efe-AfpA caused inhibition of Clarireedia jacksonii growth in culture.
The goal of this thesis is to determine the efficacy of the antifungal protein Efe-AfpA against multiple plant pathogenic fungi, with a particular focus on dollar spot disease. To determine this, multiple expression systems were tested for the most efficient way to produce pure Efe-AfpA with a high yield. The expression systems used were bacterial (Escherichia coli), yeast (Pichia pastoris), and fungal (Penicillium chrysogenum). The proteins produced from these systems were tested for inhibitory activity against Neurospora crassa conidia. Of the three tested, the P. chrysogenum system produced the highest quantity of active and easily purifiable Efe-AfpA. Once an expression system was chosen, large amounts of Efe-AfpA were purified and tested on dollar spot inoculated plants. Treatment with Efe-AfpA resulted in reduced dollar spot symptoms on endophyte free F. rubra and on creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). These results support the hypothesis that Efe-AfpA is a factor in the observed disease resistance of E. festucae-infected F. rubra.
Antifungal proteins produced by fungi are known to have activity against a wide variety of fungi. Plant pathogens were collected from multiple laboratories in the Plant Biology Department at Rutgers University to further determine the repertoire of fungi that Efe-AfpA has activity against. The ascomycetes Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum cereale, Fusarium graminearum PH1, Cryphonectria parasitica, and Pyricularia oryzae are all sensitive to Efe-AfpA. Of the basidiomycetes tested, Laetisaria fuciformis and Rhizoctonia solani, only L. fuciformis had a slight sensitivity to the antifungal protein. The findings of this research may be utilized to develop Efe-AfpA as an antifungal product that could supplement and or alleviate the usage of chemical fungicides for the control of fungal disease of plants.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical reference
CMS'te vektör bozon füzyonu ile oluşan H-WW-lvlv kanalında arayış ve 2006 test hüzmesi ile CMS'te enerji kurulumunun optimizasyonu.
No full textOne of the goals of the LHC is to test the existence of the Higgs Boson. This thesis presents a study of the potential to discover the Standard Model Higgs boson in the vector boson fusion (VBF) channel for the Higgs mass range 120-200 GeV/c2. The decay of Higgs bosons into WW* final state with both W-bosons decaying leptonically is considered. The main backgrounds are tt_+j and W+W-jj. This study, based on a full simulation of the CMS detector at the LHC, shows that a 5(Sigma) discovery can be done with an integrated luminosity of 12-72 fb-1 for 130-200 GeV/c2 Higgs bosons. Due to the uncertainties in the backgrounds, it is important to measure the backgrounds from data. This study shows that the major background can be measured directly to 7% with 30 fb-1. After discovering the Higgs boson mass using transverse mass template distributions is investigated in the VBF channel. The performance of the combined CMS electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters (EB+HB) was measured at the H2 test beam at the CERN SPS during 2006 with various partivles in a large momentum range, 1-350 GeV/c. Another major contribution of this thesis is developing the method to optimize the energy reconstruction for the combined EB+HB system with which the corrected responses become 100% with 6% fluctuation and the stochastic resolution is improved from 111% to 94%.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra
Augmentation of Pool Boiling Heat Transfer with Open Micro-Channel Surfaces
No full textNucleate pool boiling is an efficient heat transfer mechanism widely utilized in thermal management applications such as electronic cooling and nuclear power systems. Enhancing the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and the critical heat flux (CHF) is crucial for improving system performance and preventing thermal failures. Micro-channel structures have proven effective in enhancing nucleate boiling by modifying fluid dynamics and increasing surface area for heat dissipation. This study examines the effect of micro-channel integration on nucleate pool boiling performance. Circular copper heated surfaces with micro-channels of varying depths (0.5–1.5 mm) having the pitch and width were kept constant at 0.5 mm. The surface area factor (SAF) varied between 1.64 and 3.87. Experiments were conducted in deionized water (DI) under saturation temperature at 1 atm. Results indicate a notable 421% and %848 enhancement in CHF and HTC compared to baseline plain surfaces respectively, demonstrating the effectiveness of micro-channel design in improving heat dissipation. Additionally, CHF performance was evaluated, highlighting the role of structured surfaces in thermal management. These findings contribute to the optimization of micro-channel configurations for advanced heat transfer application
Augmentation of Pool Boiling Heat Transfer with Open Micro-Channel Surfaces
No full textNucleate pool boiling is a highly effective mode of heat transfer widely used in thermal management applications such as electronic cooling and nuclear power systems. Enhancing the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and critical heat flux (CHF) is essential for improving system efficiency and ensuring thermal safety. Surface modifications, particularly microchannel integration, have shown great potential in improving nucleate boiling performance by increasing active nucleation sites, enhancing liquid rewetting, and enlarging the available surface area for heat dissipation. This study focuses on circular copper surfaces featuring microchannels with varying depths (0.5–1.5 mm), while the channel pitch and width were kept constant at 0.5 mm. The resulting surface area factor (SAF) ranged from 1.64 to 3.87. Pool boiling experiments were conducted using saturated deionized water at atmospheric pressure. The results revealed significant enhancements of up to 343% in CHF and 320% in HTC compared to a plain surface, highlighting the effectiveness of microchannel design in advanced thermal management systems
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Daughter of fortune: Isabel Allende's popularity from a readership perspective
No full textThe primary aim of this thesis is to explore and critically interrogate Isabel Allende’s popularity cross-culturally in Britain and Spain. It analyses readers’ responses to Allende’s works as well as the discourses surrounding her public representation, an approach that is ‘readerly’ but must also take account of production and text. This approach is intended to further the understanding of Allende’s work which so far has always been analysed from a textual perspective. However, the relationship between Allende’s popularity, her texts, public representation and readers has not been yet analysed in detail.This thesis is innovative in other ways too. Methodologically, it approaches readers through the under studied cultural form of the reading group. It also incorporates a comparative dimension by looking at the reception of Allende in two different cultural contexts: the British and Spanish respectively. Finding out about Allende’s popularity has involved asking readers about their reading experiences as well as analysing the production of discourses around her public representation. Paul Ricoeur’s (1984, 1988) perspective on authorial intentions and readers’ responses to texts helps in understanding the intricacies surrounding what is involved in reading any text. It draws attention to Allende’s and her publishers’ authorial strategies, her ‘strategies of persuasion’ and the specificity of the lives and contexts of British and Spanish reading publics. Equally, this ‘readerly’ approach draws on feminist audience research and primarily on the work of Ien Ang and Janice Radway. Their work with viewers and readers respectively is particularly useful in establishing and developing methodological parameters for the study of reading groups. As a whole, this thesis contributes to the understanding of Allende’s cross-cultural popularity by situating readers at the centre
Association between cribbing and entrapment of the small intestine in the epiploic foramen in horses: 68 cases (1991-2002)
No full textObjective - To determine whether there was an association between a history of cribbing and epiploic foramen entrapment (EFE) of the small intestine in horses. Design - Retrospective study. Animals - 68 horses examined at the University of Illinois or the University of Liverpool veterinary teaching hospitals. Procedure - For horses examined at the University of Illinois that underwent surgery because of strangulating small intestine lesions, information about cribbing was obtained through telephone calls with owners. For horses examined at the University of Liverpool that underwent surgery for colic for any reason, information about cribbing was obtained through a preoperative questionnaire. Results - 13 of 19 (68%) horses with EFE examined at the University of Illinois had a history of cribbing, compared with only 2 of 34 (6%) horses with other strangulating small intestine lesions (odds ratio, 34.7; 95% confidence interval, 6.2 to 194.6). Similarly, 24 of 49 (49%) horses with EFE examined at the University of Liverpool had a history of cribbing, compared with 72 of 687 (10.5%) horses with colic caused by other lesions (odds ratio, 8.2; 95% confidence interval, 4.5 to 15.1). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - Results suggest that there may be an association between cribbing and EFE in horses, with horses with a history of cribbing more likely to have EFE than horses without such a history
Informal Open Spaces Designed by Water
No full text“Although the process of formalization is the dominant trend in modern social life, informality is the essential element in constructing trust relationships and, thus, in any cooperative arrangement aimed at improving the quality of life. [...] Only a society that achieves an optimal balance between informality and formality of interactional practices is in position to create the conditions to cooperation and innovation»1.
Water has accompanied both man’s life and landscape conformation, setting the rhythm of their changes and evolution and answering practical and symbolic needs. In this way it became an element of comunication or separation, means of defense but also possible source of danger.
Life and man cannot be without it yet they need to protect themselves from it.
Water thanks to its nature becomes promoter of human relations and artifice of different places (dockings along sea or river borders, terrace on water, places for recreation, places for rest, pauses inside cities...). If on one hand its role of basic common good has always been recognized, in modern times even entering everyday life on an individual level, on the other the presence of water in public open space, that in the beginning of the past century was regarded more as a threat and an obstacle to city expansion, losing its old aggregative and social character, nowadays it becomes renovating resource for urban requalification re-considering, re-interpreting and re-inventing its presence.
This new role is assigned to water because it’s able to ignite unique possibilities of relation and use linked mainly, but not only, to evocative and symbolic qualities and also to functional and ludic values of this extraordinary element, since interacting with water it’s an informal and collective activity.
Architectural elements of the project in contact with water aren’t really answering to a function but to an use/experience that man can have with it. The design of these elements changes the use of space and consequently the way to live places of the cities, offering new possibilities linked to an informality made by the presence of this element.
If in architecture the use of water as actual construction material is clear (as Carlo Scarpa2 used it), grasping its potential gets more difficult when it becomes actively part of the space3 entrusted to the architectural design that will shape its features providing it with an informality that is necessary to render the place inhabitable and inhabitated.
1. Barbara A. Misztal. 1999. Informality: Social Theory and Contemporary Practice. London: Biddles Ltd.
2.«Scarpa lavorava l'acqua, lavorava la luce, lavorava le superfici dei soffitti a stucco lucido con piani fra loro inclinati per ottenere un certo riverbero dovuto al movimento della luce e dell'acqua e all'intersezione dei piani» R. Giovanardi, Carlo Scarpa e l'acqua, Cicero, Venezia, 2006. [Scarpa worked water, worked light, worked ceiling surfaces with polished plaster thanks to inclined planes, to obtaine some reverb due to light and water movement and to intersection of planes] Author translation.
3.(Raum): «it’s acting-and making space that speaks in the word space. This means to make a clearing, to consolidate. To make space brings freedom, openness for man to settle in and live in [...] to make space is to make a free gift of places. It is a happening that speaks and is hidden at the same time in making space» Heidegger, M., (1969). Die kunst der Raum, St. Gallen: Erker Verlag. (trad. It. Heidegger, M. (2000). L’arte e lo spazio. Genova: Il nuovo melangolo
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