324,021 research outputs found
Aspiration Therapy for Obesity
No full textObesity is currently the most important global public health issue due to its high prevalence in the population, disease-related adverse effects on health, quality of life, and healthcare costs. Lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy are only partially successful in reducing the body weight and are in general unable to maintain weight loss over the long term. Bariatric surgery provides effective and durable weight loss but is associated to an elevated risk of complications, both in the short- and long term. For these reasons, many efforts have been made in the recent years to develop endoscopic bariatric therapies for patients with class II and III obesity, who do not have significant and persistent benefits from conservative treatments and are not qualified for invasive surgical procedures. Aspiration therapy by AspireAssist (Aspire Bariatrics, King of Prussia, PA) has been approved in 2016 for use in patients 22 years and older, with a BMI of 35-65 kg/m2, who have failed to lose or maintain weight loss with nonsurgical weight loss therapies. The device consists of a modified percutaneous gastrostomy tube (A-TubeTM) and an external detachable device to facilitate drainage. The device allows patients to remove a portion of ingested meals through the gastrostomy tube; about 30% of the calories consumed in a meal could be aspirated with this system. Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of aspiration therapy, with low rates of adverse events and no deaths related to the procedure, as well as no evidence of eating disorders developed during therapy
Psychodrama with women who are victims of violence: an international project
No full textThe EMPoWER research project we are introducing here has been conceived within the framework of the European Daphne initiatives and has already completed the first preliminary organisation opening in the activities promoted during Fepto meetings between 2009 and 2010. The initiative is the second part of a research, already accomplished and directed by Ines Testoni titled “mafia's psychism and female corporeality management1”, whose main objective was to understand what are the psychological and social factors exposing woman to the trade of the international prostitution market. The achieved results demonstrate that in several traditionalistic areas, where the family relationship are matrifocal and the social culture is patriarchal, the international mafia gets rich intercepting women and treating them as commodities for sex and servitude trade. It is emerged amongst the main causes of this phenomenon that in the generation mandate between mother and daughter the women’s masochistic attitude towards men is kept unchanged over the centuries. The subordination is a relational mode that the mother teaches to the daughter, demanding her to assimilate it
Prefazione
No full textLa prefazione coglie, nei saggi pubblicati nel volume, un carattere unitario che risponde ad un preciso soggetto di studio, ossia il problema del potere nella letteratura politica europea dei secoli XVI e XVII, in connessione con l'epopea della formazione di uno Stato capace di dominare le nuove forme di conflittualità nella società. Dal problema filosofico ai problemi concreti del potere , un vero e proprio sistema si costruisce, in maniera implicita o esplicita, che contribuisce all'ordine sociale, non sempre come male necessario e lato oscuro della politica, ma spesso, al di là dei metodi inquietanti che pure sono previsti, anche come strumento di coesione e di mantenimento della stabilità e delle ragioni della società politica. L'analisi rivela, già nei secoli XVI e XVII, la piena consapevolezza dei problemi del potere politico, che ancor oggi appartengono alle discussioni su tale soggetto
LE RAPPRESENTAZIONI DELL'UOMO DA PARTE DI PROSTITUTE IMMIGRATE
No full textIl presente articolo si inscrive nell’universo della psicologia sociale culturale e considera un aspetto particolare della attuale condizione della donna in Occidente: la riduzione in schiavitù di immigrate, costrette a prostituirsi. Si tratta di una realtà che in questi ultimi decenni coinvolge tutta l’Europa e in Italia assistiamo al fenomeno dimostrando per un verso una certa difficoltà nel gestirlo, per l’altro la volontà politica di restituire dignità a tali persone. In questa sede presentiamo la seconda parte di una ricerca sul campo in corso di svolgimento, analizzando un aspetto puntuale della situazione, quello che inerisce alle rappresentazioni da parte di tali donne, relativamente all’idea di famiglia (riprendendo la prima parte della ricerca; cfr. Testoni, Tacchini, Ronconi, 2001) e all’idea di uomo. È possibile ipotizzare che alcune contraddizioni essenziali caratterizzino la cultura occidentale, le quali sono determinate dal persistere di alcune modalità di gestire la differenza di genere. Ciò significa indagare due livelli: a) le caratteristiche del rapporto uomo-donna e le conseguenti funzioni dei ruoli femminili; b) le rappresentazioni della famiglia in rapporto all’identità sociale femminile. A questa dimensione di collega l’esigenza di studiare la rappresentazione di sé che costituisce una parte essenziale dell’identità soggettiva. Si indaga in tal senso l’eventualità che le donne immigrate e prostitute non siano in grado di operare una discriminazione tra “uomo che riduce in schiavitù” e “uomo dei desideri”. I soggetti della ricerca sono donne immigrate e prostitute, le quali sono state sottoposte a un’intervista semi-strutturata. Le loro risposte sono state studiate con analisi del contenuto qualitativo-quantitativa (analisi delle corrispondenze lessicali) con sistema informatizzato Spad-T
Endoscopic Management of Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis
No full textThis review aims to summarize the role of endoscopic therapy in the management and outcomes of recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP). RAP is a clinical entity characterized by repeated episodes of acute pancreatitis in the setting of a normal gland or chronic pancreatitis (CP). The aetiology of RAP can be identified in about 70% of cases; for the remaining cases, the term “idiopathic” (IRAP) is used. However, advanced diagnostic techniques may reduce the percentage of IRAP to 10%. Recognized causes of RAP are gallstone disease, including microlithiasis and biliary sludge, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD), pancreatic ductal abnormalities (either congenital or acquired) interfering with pancreatic juice or bile outflow, genetic mutations, and alcohol consumption. SOD, as a clinical entity, was recently revised in the Rome IV consensus, which only recognized type 1 dysfunction as a true pathological condition, while type 2 SOD was defined as a suspected functional biliary sphincter disorder requiring the documentation of elevated basal sphincter pressure to be considered a true clinical entity and type 3 was abandoned as a diagnosis and considered functional pain. Endoscopic therapy by retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has been proven effective when a mechanical obstruction is found and can be removed. If an obstruction is not documented, few treatment options are available to prevent the recurrence of pancreatitis and progression toward chronic disease. In gallstone disease, endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy (EBS) is effective when a dilated common bile duct or biliary sludge/microlithiasis is documented. In type 1 SOD, biliary or dual sphincterotomy is generally successful, while in type 2 SOD, endotherapy should be reserved for patients with documented sphincter dysfunction. However, in recent years, doubts have been expressed about the real efficacy of sphincterotomy in this setting. When sphincter dysfunction is not confirmed, endotherapy should be discouraged. In pancreas divisum (PD), minor papilla sphincterotomy is effective when there is a dilated dorsal duct, and the success rate is the highest in RAP patients. In the presence of obstructive conditions of the main pancreatic duct, pancreatic endotherapy is generally successful if RAP depends on intraductal hypertension. However, despite the efficacy of endotherapy, progression toward CP has been shown in some of these patients, mainly in the presence of PD, very likely depending on underlying genetic mutations. In patients with IRAP, the real utility of endotherapy still remains unclear; this is because several unknown factors may play a role in the disease, and data on outcomes are few, frequently contradictory or uncontrolled, and, in general, limited to a short period of time
La ‘filosofia’ del principe nei Pourparlers di Etienne Pasquier
No full textIl saggio tratta delle opere storiche e dei dialoghi come genere letterario utilizzati come strumenti di comunicazione politica. Ciò appare particolarmente evidente nei testi francesi della seconda metà del Cinquecento, quando, durante le guerre di religione, sia il genere delle storie nazionali, sia gli scritti in forma dialogica adempiono funzioni ideologiche di efficace propaganda. I Pourparlers e Les Recherches de la France di Etienne Pasquier sono, da questo punto di vista, esemplari e pertanto, a differenza della tradizione storiografica, vengono studiate nella chiave indicata
Padre e uomo d'onore. Cosa nostra come cornice morale nell'inculturazione familistica (Father and honour man. Cosa nostra as moral frame work in familistic enculturation)
No full textThe article presents the third part of a quali-quantitative research, that poits out the representations of gender roles and their implications, on some texts (placet them at disposal by the group of study directed by Girolamo Lo Verso) of justice collaborators. The survey is divided in three parts and in its wholeness it is oriented to improve the discussion on the possibilities to modify the networks that hold familism and the dynamics of the mafia. In fact the conviction of the researchers is that the recognition of the symbolic system on which the relationships are constructed may be changed. Another point of reference of the whole research is that the same symbolic pattern recognition may orientate the social intervention and its work in the construction of new cultural model, different from the traditional ones that correspond to the subculture of the mafia. In this article, on one hand, we resume what pointed out in the previous two parts of the whole research (Testoni, 2007a; Testoni, et al. 2008) and, on the other hand, we discuss some important aspects about the masculine role. In specific, we recognise in the figure of the “father” a bond of “familistic iperconnection” that ties micro and macro-system. In fact, it may be considered as the pivot of the meso-system of “cosa nostra”, because it is the trait-union between old and new mafias. The hypothesis is that the paternal model serves as moral framework in the anomic criminal systems
"Overcoming female subordination": An experimental process of empowerment - through sociodrama and digital storytelling - directed toward a group of Italian female undergraduates
No full textPet Humanisation and Related Grief : Development and Validation of a Structured Questionnaire Instrument to Evaluate Grief in People Who Have Lost a Companion Dog
No full textPeople often develop strong emotional connections with their dogs and consider them to be members of the family. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel validated tool, the Mourning Dog Questionnaire, to recognise and evaluate the mourning process in people who have lost a dog. The research model was based on a grid of five different questionnaires: the Pet Bereavement Questionnaire, the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale, the Animal-Human Continuity Scale, the Positivity Scale, and the Testoni Death Representation Scale. The Italian version of the survey was posted on social networks. A sample of 369 Italian dog owners filled in the questionnaire (mean age ± SD 42.00 ± 10.70 years). Reliability indices were good for all instruments. The total scores of the five questionnaires correlated with each other. The results from the Mourning Dog Questionnaire support the negative view of life after the death of a pet and people's tendency to humanise their pet, since dog owners perceived animals no differently from humans in terms of emotions, needs and legal rights. Findings arising from the use of the Mourning Dog Questionnaire will help the implementation of rationality-based strategies to improve the wellbeing, resilience and quality of life of people in the world experiencing the loss of a pet
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