177,757 research outputs found
Results of the European Daphne EMPoWER project (European research project on women groups suffering from gender-based violence).
No full textObjective: You will get a theoretical and empirical overview in the field of different cultures. Special research tools will be introduced. The challenges in an ongoing research project will be shared.
Methodology to be used: Qualitative and quantitative approach. The presentation will be verbal with slides.
Conclusions: The theoretical and empirical findings show that psychodrama is an intervention that strengthens the empowerment of women to say no to violence, to change the victim role and to avoid the violence transmission over generation. The project will give results, limitations and outlook.
Key words: Violence, Trauma, Sociodrama, Gender
Abstract:
The presentation will cover quantitative research tools like Spontaneity Assessment Inventory (SAI-R) and the Clinical Outcome Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). We translated into appropriate languages and faced the challenge to validate it and to assess its applicability for women suffering from male violence. American psychodramatic language is not easy to transfer comprehensibly to a cultural diverse population and even more to women suffering from male violence. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) we are using as a third tool for validation. Hundreds of students and trainees of different subjects as well as clients of our partner were tested in order to make qualitative as well as quantitative comparisons between survivors and the so called normal population regarding the outcomes of the research tools. BDI-II seems not comfortable for normal population.
One aim of an investigation coordinated by Ines Testoni from University of Padua is to find out if psychodrama is helpful in the field of women suffering from violence. With an EU Daphne grant against violence the project provided in the experimental group counseling with an integrated-ecological approach and a psychodrama intervention group. The control group got counseling. More than 20 women in each country like Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Italy, Portugal, and Rumania received intervention which we evaluated with CORE-OM and SAI-R.
There is to discuss how to overcome the problems with different languages and (sub-)cultures in (group-)intervention
Assessing psychodramatic intervention on female victims of violence. The cross-cultural validation of CORE-OM and SAI-R for Project Empower Daphne
No full textThis paper reports on a research-intervention project named Empower that focuses on the problem of gender-based violence, particularly within the family and on the mother-daughter relationship. The verification of the theoretical model presented here, enables us to set the underlying assumptions for the six countries studied (Italy, Austria, Portugal, Romania, Bulgaria and Albania) and make cross-cultural comparisons. Gender differences on test scores of spontaneity, psychological well-being and depression were assessed in six different countries: Italy, Austria, Portugal, Bulgaria, Romania and Albania. In our experimental design, we used three instruments, namely the SAI-R, the CORE-OM and the BDI-II to measure these indices in women and men. The BDI-II was only administered in Italy and Austria due to validation reasons.
The analysis discusses internal reliability values, gender differences, correlations with instruments and comparisons between countries for each one of the instruments used and countries investigated. Internal reliability of the SAI-R, CORE-OM and BDI-II was good in every country and we observed statistically significant differences in scores obtained by women and men on the two tests. We also observed an inverse relationship between indices of spontaneity with depression and psychological distress in the participants
Oxidative stress in primiparous cows in relation to dietary starch and the progress of lactation
No full textOxidative stress may be important in early lactation cows due to high metabolic demands. Modifying dietary starch may alter glucose utilization, modify oxidative metabolism and, consequently, increase oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, early lactation primiparous cows underwent a short-term dietary starch restriction followed by realimentation. At calving, 10 Friesian primiparous cows were randomly assigned to two groups and given a basal starch diet (BSD, 249 g/kg of starch dry matter (DM)) in the form of a total mixed ration until 42 days in milk ( DIM). Afterwards, five cows (CTR) continued to receive the same diet and five cows (EXP) were allotted to experimental diets : low starch diet ( LSD, 210 g/kg starch DM) from 43 to 65 DIM followed by high starch diet (HSD, 283 g/kg starch DM) from 66 to 85 DIM and BSD from 86 to 94 DIM. Blood samples were collected at 37, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 94 DIM to measure total plasma glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity as indicators of oxidative stress, N-acetyl-beta-D glucosaminidase (NAGase), lysosyme, and white blood cell counts as indicators of immune response. Metabolic adaptations were evaluated by glucose, non-esterified fatty acids ( NEFA), beta-hydroxy-butyrate ( BOHB), insulin, and GH concentrations, and the acid/base balance. Milk yield was not significantly different between groups throughout the experiment and was correlated with TBARS (r = 0.284; P < 0.05) and GSH (r = 0.294; P < 0.05). Estimated energy intake was significantly higher in the EXP group at 70 DIM only (P < 0.05). Plasma glucose was significantly lower in the EXP group at 50, 60 (P < 0.001) and 80 DIM (P < 0.05), and was correlated with GSH (r = 0.348; P < 0.01) and TBARS (r = 0.367; P < 0.01). Plasma NEFA decreased overall in both groups (P < 0.01). EXP was lower than CTR in concentrations of plasma BOHB at 70 DIM (P < 0.05) and plasma insulin at 60 (P < 0.001), 80 and 94 (P < 0.05) DIM. Plasma TBARS, GSH and GPx increased throughout (P < 0.01) in both groups. This was delayed in the EXP group following introduction of LSD; significant differences between groups at 60 (P < 0.01), 80 and 95 (P < 0.05) DIM for TBARS, and at 70 (P < 0.01) and 80 (P < 0.05) DIM for GPx. Indicators of immune response and plasma bicarbonates did not differ between groups. Blood pH was significantly lower in the EXP group at 80 and 94 DIM (P < 0.001). Blood pCO(2) was significantly lower at 80 and 94 DIM (P < 0.05) in the CTR group. While recovering from the negative energy balance, cellular metabolism probably shifted towards oxidative phosphorylation, with a consequent oxidative stress increase. LSD delayed this recovery in the EXP group and thus reduced GSH synthesis. In conclusion, the diet starch content may alter the control of oxidative stress and expose animals to oxidative injuries
Artificial Intelligence Versus Natural Intelligence
No full textThis book centers around a dialogue between Roger Penrose and Emanuele Severino about one of most intriguing topics of our times, the comparison of artificial intelligence and natural intelligence, as well as its extension to the notions of human and machine consciousness. Additional insightful essays by Mauro D’Ariano, Federico Faggin, Ines Testoni, Giuseppe Vitiello and an introduction of Fabio Scardigli complete the book and illuminate different aspects of the debate. Although from completely different points of view, all the authors seem to converge on the idea that it is almost impossible to have real “intelligence” without a form of “consciousness”. In fact, consciousness, often conceived as an enigmatic “mirror” of reality (but is it really a mirror?), is a phenomenon under intense investigation by science and technology, particularly in recent decades. Where does this phenomenon originate from (in humans, and perhaps also in animals)? Is it reproducible on some “device”? Do we ..
L'OCCULTAMENTO DELLA MORTE DIMINUISCE LA PAURA?
No full textL'articolo considera alcuni aspetti culturali emergenti relativi alla gestione dell'angoscia di morte. facendo perno sulle evidenze empiriche offerte dalla Therror Managemetn Theory (TMT) si discute il fenomeno illustrato da Gorer e da Elias relativo all'occulktamento e all'isolamento del morente e del dolente. viene offerta una lettura alternativa al darwinismo sociale che caratterizza il fondamento epistemologico della TMT
Psychological Features Of Hypnotizability: A First Step Towards Its Empirical Definition.
No full textAbstract: This study examined the relationship between the Hypnotic
Induction Profile (HIP) and several psychological tests: Tellegen
Absorption Scale (TAS), Spontaneity Assessment Inventory-Revised
(SAI-R), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Short-Form Boundary
Questionnaire (SFBQ), Mini Locus of Control (MLOC), Testoni Death
Representation Scale (TDRS), and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index
(IRI). Two hundred and forty volunteers were administered the above
tests; 78 of them were also administered the HIP, and its scores were
compared to those on the other tests. A significant correlation was
found among the TAS, DES, SFBQ, and IRI. The HIP was significantly
correlated to the DES (r = .19 p1tail = .045), and the IRI-ec subscale
(r = .19 p1tail = .044); 14 test items from DES, IRI, TAS, SAIR, and SFBQ
were also significantly related to the HIP. The findings suggest that
hypnotizability may relate to stronger perception of the inner world,
decreased aptitude for managing memory processing, and increased
sensitivity and empathy
Mechanisms of transcriptional repression of cell-cycle G2/M promoters by p63
No full textp63 is a developmentally regulated transcription factor related to p53, which activates and represses specific genes. The human AEC (Ankyloblepharon-Ectodermal dysplasia-Clefting) and EEC (Ectrodactyly-Ectodermal dysplasia-Cleft lip/palate) syndromes are caused by missense mutations of p63, within the DNA-binding domain (EEC) or in the C-terminal sterile alpha motif domain (AEC). We show here that p63 represses transcription of cell-cycle G(2)/M genes by binding to multiple CCAAT core promoters in immortalized and primary keratinocytes. The CCAAT-activator NF-Y and Delta Np63 alpha are associated in vivo and a conserved alpha-helix of the NF-YC histone fold is required. p63 AEC mutants, but not an EEC mutant, are incapable to bind NF-Y. Delta Np63 alpha, but not the AEC mutants repress CCAAT-dependent transcription of G(2)/M genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation recruitment assays establish that the AEC mutants are not recruited to G(2)/M promoters, while normally present on 14-3-3 sigma, which contains a sequence-specific binding site. Surprisingly, the EEC C306R mutant activates transcription. Upon keratinocytes differentiation, NF-Y and p63 remain bound to G(2)/M promoters, while HDACs are recruited, histones deacetylated, Pol II displaced and transcription repressed. Our data indicate that NF-Y is a molecular target of p63 and that inhibition of growth activating genes upon differentiation is compromised by AEC missense mutations
Daphne European Research Project: Italian Validation of Hypothesis Model (SAI-R, CORE-OM and BDI-II)
No full textThis paper presents Empower Daphne which is a research-intervention project that focuses on the problem of gender-based violence, particularly within the family and the mother-daughter relationship. The goal of the project, which evolved from an earlier project (Testoni at al., 2009), is to investigate, intervene and change the condition of subordination of women that is linked to the justification of violence against women by men. Psychodramatic strategies are utilized in order to reach this aim. We will validate the theoretical model on an Italian non clinical sample. The aim is to set the assumptions for Italy, which will be tested later on the specific target of the Empower project; women victims of violence
Transport dynamic of strontium in groundwater: Safety Assessment study
No full textOne of the activities of the Safety Assessment is the evaluation of the impact of a nuclear facility on the environment. The radionuclide transport into groundwater is subjected to different phenomena (e.g. groundwater dynamic, surface stream dynamic, the interaction between surface water and groundwater, radionuclide interaction with environmental matrix, etc.) that influence the risk of contamination of water. The investigation of the source term is fundamental to understand its impact on radionuclide transport. In this paper, in situ surveys and modelling were coupled to investigate the dynamic of strontium in an Italian nuclear site. On-site measurements have identified low quantities of strontium in monitoring wells, and through the modelling, the possible migration pathway of this radionuclide was identified. For a primary safety evaluation purpose, a parametric detailed analysis was carried out to identify which hydrogeological parameters and which artificial structure present in the area could influence the dynamic of strontium in the investigated site. In particular, the effect of the Cavour artificial channel on the strontium migration and dilution was demonstrated. The coupling of monitoring activities, periodically performed in the area, and the modelling activities, focused on the detailed relationships between the Cavour artificial channel and the underground water flow, contributes to better evaluate the possible radiological risk for population and environment and to support future safety studies
L'uomo contemporaneo e il nulla
No full textIl capitolo si inscrive nell'ambito della Psicologia sociale culturale per definire il rapporto tra angoscia di morte e nichilismo. Partendo dall'indicazione di Emanuele Severino, si analizza la storia dell'Occidente e l'evoluzione delle rapprtsentazioni della morte e del rimedio all'idea di annientamento in totalità. L'uomo contemporaneo appartiene alla cultura postomoderna, quindi allo smantellamento di qualsiasi forma di rappresentazione consolatoria della finitudine. A queste argomentazioni si collegano i concetti di qualità e quantità della vita
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