1,720,999 research outputs found
Fractal fluctuations in quantum integrable scattering
No full textWe theoretically and numerically demonstrate that completely integrable scattering processes may exhibit fractal transmission fluctuations, due to typical spectral properties of integrable systems. Similar properties also occur with scattering processes in the presence of strong dynamical localization, thus explaining recent numerical observations of fractality in the latter class of systems
E possibile studiare la relazione tra immigrazione e salute in Italia? Molte questioni ancora pochi dati.
No full textEthnical origin is a key dimension to explain differentials in access/ utilization of healthcare services. The increase in the immigrant population in Italy puts further strain the capacity of health systems to respond adequately to health needs. In many cases, migrants have higher health risks than the native population, as a result of lesser granted rights, worse socio-economic conditions, different values and culture. Moreover, they experience numerous barriers during their stay in the host country. On the other side, the relationship between immigration and health cannot be fully understood without exploring how health services are organized and the role of professionals who provide health care services. In the first part of the paper we briefly examine these topics. Next, we reviewed the few Italian data sources in order to study the relationship between immigration and health. Specifically, we show their limits and the issues uncovered by available data, related to following domains: structural surveys features; characteristics of the migration experience; barriers, beliefs, values, practices of care; the supply side of health services. Finally, we identify four challenges that need to be addressed in data collection on migration and health topic: the recognition of the problem; the need of resources; an in-depth theoretical reflection; a refined methodological approach
Il budget di salute come strumento di attivazione per le persone con disabilità. Il contributo della ricerca partecipata
No full textThe proposed paper draws on the experience gained with the project “Social Inclusion and Disability: experimentation paths for the Personal Health Budget” (L-inc) that aims to enhance the direct participation of people with disabilities in the decision-making processes that concern their healthcare. This objective is achieved through the promotion of a more person-centered care and a personalization of the allocation of economic resources, that are designed to meet the health and wellbeing needs and outcomes expressed into individuals’ life projects. In the last decade, the international debate on the ability of social and health services to respond to citizens’ needs has focused on the important role played by those reforms aimed at putting people to the center of public services, thereby promoting a personalization of care. Also in Italy citizens’ participation experiences had self-empowerment as main objective and it has been acknowledged the importance of enabling subjects to have the maximum degree of control about the support they receive in order to enhance citizenship for all.
After providing an overview on the evolution of the concept of disability, our paper shall present the tool of the Personal Health Budget, with particular regard to the adopted methodology, namely participatory research
Il budget di salute come strumento di attivazione per le persone con disabilità. Il contributo della ricerca partecipata
No full textThe proposed paper draws on the experience gained with the project “Social Inclusion and Disability: experimentation paths for the Personal Health Budget” (L-inc) that aims to enhance the direct participation of people with disabilities in the decision-making processes that concern their healthcare. This objective is achieved through the promotion of a more person-centered care and a personalization of the allocation of economic resources, that are designed to meet the health and wellbeing needs and outcomes expressed into individuals’ life projects. In the last decade, the international debate on the ability of social and health services to respond to citizens’ needs has focused on the important role played by those reforms aimed at putting people to the center of public services, thereby promoting a personalization of care. Also in Italy citizens’ participation experiences had self-empowerment as main objective and it has been acknowledged the importance of enabling subjects to have the maximum degree of control about the support they receive in order to enhance citizenship for all.
After providing an overview on the evolution of the concept of disability, our paper shall present the tool of the Personal Health Budget, with particular regard to the adopted methodology, namely participatory research
Opportunità e limiti dell’applicazione del Personal Budget per persone con disabilità in prospettiva internazionale
No full textPersonal Budget for people with disabilities: Opportunities and limits from an international perspective The aim of this paper is to discuss the efficacy of the welfare action commonly known as the «Personal Budget», which stands for the development of reforms reorganizing the funds for social and health benefits, allocated directly to people with disabilities, allowing them to choose and pay for needed supports. The goal of this policy is to put people back in the center of the care process, releasing them from the passive role of «assistance receivers» in exchange for a pro-active role with broader decision-making margins. Achieving, therefore, the empowerment of the person with disabilities, who is given full control over the structuring and quality of the supports to be received. To discuss the efficacy of this welfare action, we conducted a systematic literature review of the topic, selecting both scientific articles and reports produced by national stakeholders. We thus analyzed to what extent, according to the explored literature, the Personal Budget is succeeding in making the health and social support for people with disabilities more individually tailored, in empowering them and thus, improving their quality of life. The scrutiny of the selected scientific literature highlights how the Personal Budget does not merely correspond to a reallocation of the economic resources available in favor of disability within a «cash-for-hire» care scheme, based on the liberal assumption that funding individuals directly gives them agency and that being a client is somehow more empowering than being a patient, but at the same time it does not seem to comply with the fundamental change in the paradigm of taking care of people with disabilities which was aimed for. Moreover, the empirical research articles published so far seems to suggest that the implementation of the Personal Budget determines a more precise needs-assessment for people with disabilities, allowing a personalized organization of supports, but does not ease the burden on their families
Measuring Health Information-Seeking Behavior: The Online Self-care Scale
No full textDuring the last decades, researchers have shown an increased attention towards the practice of health information seeking online. This interest has been driven by a desire to understand how it influences health beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors among laypersons. Although many tools have been proposed to measure health information seeking, they present some limits. Through an online survey among 783 Italian university students, our study aims at developing a self-report instrument to measure individuals’ online health information-seeking behavior, the Online Self-care Scale (OSS), considering the twofold activity of seeking and employing information (the “Information seeking” and “Self-care practice”). We examined the reliability and construct validity of the OSS’s self-report scale and explored the association between Online Self-Care Scale and gender, socioeconomic status (SES), self-reported health status, and digital health literacy. Our findings show both acceptable discriminant and convergent validities for the OSS. The validity has also been assessed through the known-group validity, namely evaluating if OSS can discriminate between groups of individuals demonstrating different scores on the test. Therefore, the OSS Scale is a valid and reliable instrument to measure the level of involvement of individuals in health information retrieval, allowing researchers to distinguish between a merely information-seeking activity and an application of the information by the seekers
Inclusione sociale e disabilità: esperienze e risultati di una sperimentazione del Budget di Salute
No full textDiscriminazione percepita e salute mentale dei migranti
No full textQuesto articolo si concentra su un tema scarsamente trattato nel nostro
Paese, ovvero quello della discriminazione etnica percepita come determinante che può incidere sulle disuguaglianze di salute a sfavore dei migranti. È stata analizzata l’associazione tra discriminazione etnica percepita in diversi ambiti della vita quoti-
diana e la salute mentale degli immigrati residenti in Italia. I dati utilizzati proven-
gono dall’indagine “Condizione e integrazione sociale dei cittadini stranieri” con-
dotta dall’Istat nel 2011-2012. Attraverso tecniche di analisi statistica multivariata è stata analizzata l’associazione tra la discriminazione percepita e la salute mentale dei migranti, considerando come potenziali confondenti della relazione l’età, il genere, lo stato civile, il livello di istruzione, la condizione occupazionale, l’area geografica di provenienza, l’area di residenza e la durata della permanenza in Italia. L’analisi mette in evidenza che, per i soggetti migranti, la percezione di essere discriminati in
quanto cittadini stranieri aumenta la probabilità di riportare uno stato di salute men-
tale peggiore
Copayment e spesa in farmaci delle famiglie italiane: il complesso legame tra disuguaglianze sociali, politiche regionali e crisi economica
No full textCovid-19 e rischi per il personale sanitario: il ruolo dei sistemi sanitari regionali
No full textItaly was among the most severely hit European country by COVID-19 pandemic and, just as in other countries, healthcare workers emerged as a group at increased risk of becoming infected with the virus. In fact, according to INAIL almost 70% of all reported occupational injuries is concentrated in the health and social care sector. Nevertheless, to date in Italy – to our knowledge – no research has focused on the possible factors that have jeopardized the protection of this category of workers. Our paper aims to analyze – through currently available data – the impact of different Regional Health Care Systems’ interventions and policies on HCW’s risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection with respect to specific indicators regarding the different responses to Covid-19 adopted by SSR with the aim of preventing the spread of the virus and treating people infected with COVID-19
- …
