18,414 research outputs found
ADAM SMITH'S OPTIMISTIC TELEOLOGICAL VIEW OF HISTORY
No full textAdam Smith's four-stage theory provides the framework for his writings on history. The fourth stage is the commercial epoch; the culmination of history in this stage is a key component in the conventional interpretation of Adam Smith as a prophet of commercialism. In two historical case studies Smith shows the capacity of commercial society to regenerate itself. This potent capacity suggests that commercial society is inevitable. At a certain point in time it also overcomes the major obstacles to its permanence. Smith's philosophy of history anticipates the end of history views of Kant and Hegel.Political Economy,
How Might Adam Smith Pay Professors Today?
No full textAdam Smith’s proposal for paying professors was intended to induce increased faculty knowledge. If students have imperfect information about what they learn, and universities can only imperfectly measure the input of faculty time in student learning, publications may be used to measure faculty knowledge. If professors’ ability to publish is positively related to their ability to produce student learning, which universities can imperfectly measure, publications may be necessary to attract more able professors. Since research signals faculty knowledge, schools that do not value publications per se could require higher publication standards and pay higher wages than schools that value only publications.
Topoisomerase II is regulated by translationally controlled tumor protein for cell survival during organ growth in Drosophila
No full textAbstract: Regulation of cell survival is critical for organ development. Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a conserved protein family implicated in the control of cell survival during normal development and tumorigenesis. Previously, we have identified a human Topoisomerase II (TOP2) as a TCTP partner, but its role in vivo has been unknown. To determine the significance of this interaction, we examined their roles in developing Drosophila organs. Top2 RNAi in the wing disc leads to tissue reduction and caspase activation, indicating the essential role of Top2 for cell survival. Top2 RNAi in the eye disc also causes loss of eye and head tissues. Tctp RNAi enhances the phenotypes of Top2 RNAi. The depletion of Tctp reduces Top2 levels in the wing disc and vice versa. Wing size is reduced by Top2 overexpression, implying that proper regulation of Top2 level is important for normal organ development. The wing phenotype of Tctp RNAi is partially suppressed by Top2 overexpression. This study suggests that mutual regulation of Tctp and Top2 protein levels is critical for cell survival during organ development
ADAM SMITH'S VIEW OF HISTORY: CONSISTENT OR PARADOXICAL?
No full textThe conventional interpretation of Adam Smith is that he is a prophet of commercialism. The liberal capitalist reading of Smith is consistent with the view that history culminates in commercial society. The first part of the article develops this optimistic interpretation of Smith's view of history. Smith implies that commercial society is the end of history because 1) it supplies the ends of nature that he identifies; 2) it is inevitable; and 3) it is permanent. The second part of the article shows that Smith has some dark moments in his writings where he seems to reject completely such teleological notions. In this more civic humanist mood he confesses that commercial society does not supply the ends of nature, nor is it inevitable, nor is it permanent. Both views exist in Smith and the commentator is forced to choose between passages in Smith's work in order to support a particular interpretation of the former's view of history.Political Economy,
study of complexes involving TCTP (Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein)
No full textLa thématique du laboratoire de l’équipe d’Adam Telerman porte sur la réversion tumorale, un processus rare au cours duquel les cellules cancéreuses perdent leur phénotype malin, et deviennent des cellules dites révertantes. Plusieurs protéines clefs impliquées dans cette transformation ont été mises en évidence, dont TCTP (Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein). La protéine TCTP est également impliquée dans la régulation de l’apoptose en interagissant et en renforçant l’activité anti-apoptotique de Mcl-1 et de Bcl-xl, deux protéines appartenant à la famille des Bcl-2. Ce projet s’attache à comprendre en termes moléculaires le mode d’action de TCTP au cours de l’apoptose.Adam Telerman’s team research focuses on tumor reversion, a rare process in which cancer cells lose their malignant phenotype, and therefore become revertant. Many key proteins were showed to be involved in this transformation, including TCTP (translationally Controlled Tumor Protein). TCTP protein is also involved in apoptosis regulation by interacting and strengthening the anti-apoptotic activity of Mcl-1 and Bcl-xl, two proteins from Bcl-2 family
Adam Smith and Roman Servitudes
No full textThis essay is a preprint of an article that appeared at: Tijdschrift voor Rechstsgeschiedenis, 72 (2004), 327–57.This essay discusses Adam Smith historical jurisprudence and his use of Roman law materials in his Lectures on Jurisprudence. It argues that Smith found it difficult to maintain his theory of legal development in the face of a highly developed body of Roman law literature
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Interview. Matthew Joseph with Adam Gussow, musician and author
No full textInterview in which Adam Gussow discusses hill country blues musi
Etude structurale des complexes entre TCTP (Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein) et ses partenaires anti-apoptotiques Bcl-xl ou Mcl-1
No full textLa thématique du laboratoire de l équipe d Adam Telerman porte sur la réversion tumorale, un processus rare au cours duquel les cellules cancéreuses perdent leur phénotype malin, et deviennent des cellules dites révertantes. Plusieurs protéines clefs impliquées dans cette transformation ont été mises en évidence, dont TCTP (Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein). La protéine TCTP est également impliquée dans la régulation de l apoptose en interagissant et en renforçant l activité anti-apoptotique de Mcl-1 et de Bcl-xl, deux protéines appartenant à la famille des Bcl-2. Ce projet s attache à comprendre en termes moléculaires le mode d action de TCTP au cours de l apoptose. Dans cet objectif nous nous sommes focalisés sur les modes de reconnaissances entre TCTP et ces deux protéines, Mcl-1 et Bcl-xL. Dans ce contexte nous avons développé une collaboration avec l équipe de Jean Cavarelli du département de biologie structurale intégrative de l IGBMC. Notre objectif a consisté à isoler et à caractériser de façon biochimique, biophysique et structurale les complexes TCTP/Mcl-1 et TCTP/Bcl-xl. Nous avons, après optimisation, déterminé les conditions de formation des complexes TCTP/Mcl-1 et TCTP/Bcl-xl. De façon intéressante, ces complexes sont stables à pH basique, faible concentration ionique et favorisés par chauffage. Grâce à une analyse combinée par ultracentrifugation analytique, SEC-MALS et spectrométrie de masse en condition native, nous avons pu déterminer la formation d hétérotétramères de TCTP/Mcl-1 et de TCTP/Bcl-xl. Nous avons également pu identifier les domaines d interaction de ces complexes par mutagénèse dirigée, et montrer que la partie N terminale de TCTP et le sillon hydrophobe de Bcl-xl sont impliqués dans ces interactions. Il s agit de la première caractérisation biochimique et biophysique de complexes impliquant TCTP. Ces données fournissent les premières bases pour l étude structurale de complexes avec TCTP.Adam Telerman s team research focuses on tumor reversion, a rare process in which cancer cells lose their malignant phenotype, and therefore become revertant. Many key proteins were showed to be involved in this transformation, including TCTP (translationally Controlled Tumor Protein). TCTP protein is also involved in apoptosis regulation by interacting and strengthening the anti-apoptotic activity of Mcl-1 and Bcl-xl, two proteins from Bcl-2 family. This work is dedicated to understand the molecular mechanism underlying TCTP action in apoptosis. Here, we focus on TCTP/Mcl-1 and TCTP/Bcl-xl complexes. Within a collaboration with the team of Jean Cavarelli from the department of integrative structural biology at IGBMC we managed to isolate and determine the biochemical properties of these complexes. We showed that TCTP:Mcl1 and TCTP:Bcl-xL have the particularity to be sensitive to pH, ionic strength and temperature. Using analytical ultracentrifugation, SEC-MALS and native mass-spectrometry we were able to characterize both complexes and localize their binding interface. TCTP:Mcl1 and TCTP:Bcl-xL can form heterotetramers, involving the N-terminal part of TCTP and the BH3-groove of Bcl-xL. This work provides the first biophysical and biochemical study of complexes involving TCTP and can be used as a basis for further structural studies on TCTP complexes.PARIS11-SCD-Bib. électronique (914719901) / SudocSudocFranceF
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