35 research outputs found
エチオピア西南部ハマルにおける家畜の移動性、土地利用、定住化に関する変化の再調和
No full text京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(地域研究)甲第19104号地博第178号新制||地||61(附属図書館)32055京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科アフリカ地域研究専攻(主査)教授 重田 眞義, 教授 太田 至, 准教授 山越 言, 助教佐川 徹学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Area StudiesKyoto UniversityDFA
Book Review: Tell Them Something Beautiful: Essays and Ephemera
No full textAuthor: Samuel Rocha (PhD)Title: Tell Them Something Beautiful: Essays and Ephemera Eugene, Oregon : Cascade Books, 2017
Book Review: Tell Them Something Beautiful: Essays and Ephemera
No full textTitle of the Book: Tell Them Something Beautiful: Essays and Ephemera
Author: Samuel D. Rocha
Publisher: Cacade books
Year of Publication: 2017
 
Re-harmonizing the Changes in Livestock Mobility, Land Use and Sedentarization in Hamer, Southwestern Ethiopia
No full textEconomic Innovation of Transnational Migrants and Refugees in Addis Ababa
No full textEthiopia lies in the Horn of Africa, surrounded by political tension and conflict. The most populated land in the region is home to millions of refugees and migrants while also exporting a large number of workers. Addis Ababa is the capital of this multi-ethnic, civil-war stricken country and has developed into a central migration hub for East Africa.
How do these people manage to make a living and build an existence in a city that itself is plagued by high unemployment, overburdened infrastructure and a lack of assistance. What strategies do they follow to escape such sheer hardship and, if necessary, to organize an onward journey?
As this study shows, the refugees’ survival is made possible by economic innovation, entrepreneurial spirit and an impressive network which mobilizes resources and generates work opportunities. In addition to the support provided by the Diaspora, refugees and migrants themselves represent an underestimated, transformative potential for the city’s development.
Extensive quantitative data combined with impressive case studies is what makes this study an exceptional scientific contribution that links macroeconomic facts with individual life stories
Cotton-textile-apparel sectors of India:
No full text"Cotton, textiles, and apparel are critical agricultural and industrial sectors in India. This study provides descriptions of these sectors and examines the key developments emerging domestically and internationally that affect the challenges and opportunities the sectors face. More than four million farm households produce cotton in India, and about one-quarter of output is produced by marginal and small farms. Although production has expanded—most recently with the introduction of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton—domestic prices dropped sharply in the late 1990s, in parallel to world cotton prices. Using partial equilibrium simulations, we estimate that a price movement of the magnitude that occurred has a significant effect on levels of poverty among cotton-producing households. The fiber-to-fabric production chain, from cotton processing through apparel, employs more than 12 million workers in India and provides 16 percent of export earnings. Except for the spinning industry, these sectors are dominated by small, fragmented, and nonintegrated units, which adversely affect their competitiveness. Recent policy reforms have induced some technological improvements. In terms of future prospects for the Indian processing, textile, and apparel industries, our analysis emphasizes three dimensions of reform—the need for further investments in human resource development to improve industry productivity and reduce poverty among workers in these sectors, the emergence of modern domestic retail marketing chains, and the potentially vibrant prospects for the industry that arise from a growing domestic fabric demand and new opportunities in world markets if appropriate policies and investments are undertaken." from authors' abstractCotton, textiles, Apparel, Rural poverty, subsidies, Industry policy, World markets,
One health insights into pastoralists’ perceptions on zoonotic diseases in Ethiopia: perspectives from South Omo Zone of SNNP Region
No full textAbstractZoonotic diseases negatively impact pastoral communities in Ethiopia. In addition to impacts on human health, the interaction between people, livestock and environment which is so fundamental to the pastoralist way of life, means zoonoses pose additional challenges to social bonds and protection networks. These challenges are compounded by adverse impacts from climate change, poor health care services, market problems and cultural practices that increase pastoralists’ vulnerability to zoonotic diseases. This research adopted a grounded theory approach and attempted to capture the perception of Hamer and Dassenetch pastoralists on zoonotic diseases and rangeland health through focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Involved in the research were human and animal health experts, and woreda (Woreda is a third level of administrative unit in Ethiopia following region and zone) level government officials. Thematic framework analysis was used to analyse the data. Zoonotic diseases are a significant public health concern and have a substantial economic burden on local livelihoods. Poor access to human and livestock health services contributed towards the widespread transmission of zoonotic pathogens. In most cases, pastoralists were aware of the possibility of zoonotic disease transmission from livestock to humans and were cognizant of infections contracted from animals. However, the level of risk perception from zoonotic diseases and the subsequent measures of protection was poor. In almost all cases, despite pastoralists’ awareness of zoonotic diseases, they did not consider zoonoses as harmful to human health as they are to animals. It was evident that the burden of zoonotic diseases was high in livestock camps away from settlements in Hamer while for Dassenetch the resettlement clusters created a conducive environment for transmission. This research underscored the importance of engaging with local communities on the risk implications of zoonotic diseases including those related to their food habits and practices.
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Nommo: Self- Naming and Definition of Africana Woman in Haile Gerima’s Child of Resistance
No full textThis article examines the concept of Nommo, which has African roots, within the film Child of Resistance, by filmmaker Haile Gerima of African descent in 1972, emphasising its significance for the self-naming and self-definition of Africana women. It explains the rationale behind analysing Gerima\u27s work from an African womanist perspective by investigating the insights that male filmmakers provide on African women\u27s cinematic representation. By examining particular monologues, scenes, and narrative elements, this article underscores how Nommo connects with the film\u27s representation of African-descent women\u27s self-naming and self-definition. It illustrates the empowerment and resistance within the character’s narrative and aims to enhance the conversation about the complexities surrounding gender and the representation of Africana women in cinem
Interlocking Narratives: Reconnoitering the Bond and Intersection of Africana women and Africa in Haile Gerima films.
No full textThis article examines the bond and intersection between Africana women residing outside of the continent and Africa, as portrayed in the films of Haile Gerima. Employing qualitative analysis, it scrutinizes the narrative and thematic elements from his works Child of Resistance (1972), Bush Mama (1976), Ashes and Embers (1982), and Sankofa (1993). The focus of the analysis rests on the shared history and memory between Africana women and their African roots, using insights from the Africana womanist theoretical viewpoint. Africana Womanism emphasizes the special experiences and challenges faced by women of African descent. It also stresses the importance of male alliance with women to fight gender inequality and create a fair society. Identifying Gerima as a male filmmaker who is concerned with Africana women’s cinematic representation, the study of his films reveals links between African heritage and the complex issues of race, class, and gender related to their historical reality. Historical and social themes of slavery, anti-colonial struggles, and African culture connect these realities. He also uses the films to create stories that connect the burdens of past injustices with the strength and activism of Africana women today. Through this lens, Gerima’s works emerge as a vital male contribution to the discourse surrounding Africana women
Investigating economywide and household-level impacts of sector-specific shocks in a poor country: The case of avian flu in Ethiopia
No full textDo the economic effects of potential avian flu outbreaks justify policy attention and resource allocation in a poor country like Ethiopia? We address this question by assessing both economywide (macro-level) economic impacts and household (micro-level) livelihood impacts that might be caused by an avian flu outbreak in Ethiopia. Because 1) the prevalent traditional poultry sector is weakly linked to other sectors, 2) livelihoods of the poultry-producing households are diversified, and 3) shocks are idiosyncratic in nature, the study finds that the impacts of an avian flu outbreak are likely to be small and limited to producers who keep larger flocks. Therefore, allotment of funds to prevent the disease must be justified on the grounds of preventing spread of the disease to human populations in Ethiopia and in other countries where it might have more severe economic and health effects. In other words, resource allocation must be justified as a global public good.avian flu, Livelihoods, multimarket model, simulations, probit, zero-inflated negative binomial, Propensity score matching,
