200 research outputs found
Neurodegenerative disorders of language and speech: Non-language-dominant diseases
No full textSpeech and language networks span vast cortical and subcortical regions in the human brain, including putative perisylvian areas but extending well beyond them. Accordingly, relevant functions can be compromised by diverse neural disruptions even in non-language-dominant neurodegenerative diseases (nldNDs) i.e., conditions that are not primarily typified by speech or language dysfunction. The present chapter offers a systematic overview of this topic, focusing on the three most prevalent nldNDs (Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons disease, and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia). In each case, we offer detailed descriptions of spared and impaired skills across speech/language levels (phonetics, phonology, lexicosemantics, morphosyntax, discourse-level processing) and multidimensional accounts of their core neural signatures (including patterns of brain atrophy and tractographic abnormalities as well as alterations in regional activation, functional connectivity, event-related potentials, and oscillatory modulations). Next, we offer a brief contrastive summary of the core patterns in each disease. Finally, we address the main implications of the evidence and the prime challenges facing the field in the immediate future. Briefly, this chapter provides a fine-grained, multimodal, transnosological view of speech and language disruptions beyond the diseases typically associated with them.Fil: García, Adolfo Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Educación Elemental y Especial; Argentina. Universidad de San Andrés; Argentina. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: DeLeon, Jessica. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Tee, Boon Lead. University of California; Estados Unido
A systematic review of the quantitative markers of speech and language of the frontotemporal degeneration spectrum and their potential for cross-linguistic implementation
Full text linkFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease spectrum with an urgent need for reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring. Speech and language changes occur in the early stages of FTD and offer a potential non-invasive, early, and accessible diagnostic tool. The use of speech and language markers in this disease spectrum is limited by the fact that most studies investigate English-speaking patients. This systematic review examines the literature on psychoacoustic and linguistic features of speech that occur across the FTD spectrum across as many different languages as possible. 76 papers were identified that investigate psychoacoustic and linguistic markers in discursive speech. 75 % of these papers studied English-speaking patients. The most generalizable features found across different languages, are speech rate, articulation rate, pause frequency, total pause duration, noun-verb ratio, and total number of nouns. While there are clear interlinguistic differences across patient groups, the results show promise for implementation of cross-linguistic markers of speech and language across the FTD spectrum particularly for psychoacoustic features.</p
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Primary progressive aphasia: a model for neurodegenerative disease.
Full text linkPURPOSE OF REVIEW: Knowledge on primary progressive aphasia (PPA) has expanded rapidly in the past few decades. Clinical characteristics, neuroimaging correlates, and neuropathological features of PPA are better delineated. This facilitates scientific studies on the disease pathophysiology and allows speech and language therapy to be more precisely targeted. This review article begins with a summary of the current understanding of PPA and discusses how PPA can serve as a model to promote scientific discovery in neurodegenerative diseases.
RECENT FINDINGS: Studies on the different variants of PPA have demonstrated the high compatibility between clinical presentations and neuroimaging features, and in turn, enhances the understanding of speech and language neuroanatomy. In addition to the traditional approach of lesion-based or voxel-based mapping, scientists have also adopted functional connectivity and network topology approaches that permits a more multidimensional understanding of neuroanatomy. As a result, pharmacological and cognitive therapeutic strategies can now be better targeted towards specific pathological/molecular and cognitive subtypes.
SUMMARY: Recent scientific advancement in PPA potentiates it to be an optimal model for studying brain network vulnerability, neurodevelopment influences and the effects of nonpharmacological intervention in neurodegenerative diseases
[P1–105]: THE CORRELATION OF AMYGDALA AMYLOID PATHOLOGY WITH HYPERPHAGIA BEHAVIOR IN A TRIPLE TRANSGENIC ALZHEIMER'S MICE MODEL
No full textP4‐562: LINGUISTIC TONE AS A POTENTIAL CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC FEATURE FOR CHINESE‐SPEAKING PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA
No full textServitization of Security Entrances
No full textServitization. It can be seen in all branches and it seems as if every company is shifting towards a business model where they do not only sell products, but offer service, financing and advice. The security branche is no different. With companies wanting to focus on their core business they do not longer want to buy security cameras, locks and gates. Their real need: the ability to work and store on a secure location. Part of this is having a secure entrance that fits with their needs. Boon Edam is a company that claims to be: ‘your entry expert’. Following the servitization trend they want to invest in a service for their clients and create a competitive advantage in the market. The goal of this thesis is to create a strategy for Boon Edam that creates this competitive advantage in the market. This strategy is based on a model for finding opportunities for security services, as designed by the author. This model is iterated several times during the thesis as more information is found from practice. The author uses customer driven design to create a service that fits with the demands and needs of Boon Edams client. First a research is conducted to provide a starting point for the graduation project. This also provides a general understanding in different aspects related to Boon Edam and security entrances, as well as a first view on requirements for the design. The research consists of various methods to understand and visualize the position of different stakeholders. After this, six stakeholders of Boon Edam are interviewed to provide qualitative insights in the customer needs. This results in reviewed thoughts on assumptions made in the research phase, as well as a framework for the design of the service. Using the framework and the information of the interviews a service is proposed which should provide Boon Edam with the competitive advantage. The service focusses on improving the customer relationship by offering them more support in their decision making and evaluating and improving their entrance solution. According to Baines et al. (2017) this can be seen as advanced services, which should lead to: - Growth in revenue and profit - Improved responses to customer needs - Improved product innovation - The building of new revenue streams - Increasing customer loyalty - Setting higher barriers to competition After the design of the proposed service is explained an implementation plan is written for Boon Edam to adopt the service within their portfolio. With this implementation plan it should be possible to have the service fully implemented at the end of 2019 latest
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