10,308 research outputs found
Failed Censures: Ecclesiastical Regulation of Women’s Clothing in Late Medieval Italy
No full textChurchmen in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries tried to regulate the costume of Italian women. These efforts failed, and regulation was largely left thereafter to civic authorities.The published version was published as Chapter 3 in Medieval Clothing and Textiles 5Izbicki, Thomas M. (2009), "Failed Censures: Ecclesiastical Regulation of Women’s Clothing in Late Medieval Italy" in Netherton, Robin and Owen-Crocker, Gale R., eds., Medieval Clothing and Textiles 5 (Boydell Press), 37-53ISBN: 9781843834519 (published book)Peer reviewe
Forbidden Colors in the Regulation of Clerical Dress from the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) to the Time of Nicholas of Cusa (d. 1464)
No full textMedieval canon law attempted to distinguish clergy from the laity by restricting their dress choices. The article focuses on prohibition of wearing red or green on the street. Both colors were identified with the nobility.The published version was published as Chapter 7 in Medieval Clothing and Textiles 1Izbicki, Thomas M. (2005), "Forbidden Colors in the Regulation of Clerical Dress from the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) to the Time of Nicholas of Cusa (d. 1464)" in Netherton, Robin and Owen-Crocker, Gale R., eds., Medieval Clothing and Textiles 1 (Boydell Press),105-114ISBN: 9781843831235 (published book
Western medieval legal manuscripts in the collections of the University of Pennsylvania
No full textWestern legal manuscripts of the Middle Ages in North American collections are among the least known to scholars. The University of Pennsylvania has a rich collection of these texts, several of which were in the collection of the historian Henry Charles Lea. Included are works of civil law and canon law, as well as collections of papal letters and guides to pastoral care. The descriptions of most of these manuscripts in the catalog of Norman P. Zacour and Rudolf Hirsch are perfunctory, sometimes erring or omitting valuable information. Other manuscripts were added in recent years in the Lawrence J. Schoenberg Collection. Much of this material is being added to the Franklin online catalog of the University’s libraries, but researchers frequently do not search these digital resources. This article provides more complete guidance to the University’s medieval legal manuscripts than any of the existing catalogs offers, whether in print or online. It also provides updated bibliographic information in print or online. Every manuscript has been examined by the author in situ. Among the important works represented in the collection is the Panormia (a work of canon law often attributed to Ivo of Chartres). Authors present include the curialist Thomas of Capua, canonists Petrus de Braco, William of Pagula, Bernardus Raimundi, Adam of Aldersbach, Raymond of Peñafort, and civil lawyers Baldus de Ubaldis, and Bartolus de Saxoferrato. Three of these manuscripts were owned in the past by Sir Thomas Phillipps
Early neutron star evolution in high-mass X-ray binaries
No full textThe application of standard accretion theory to observations of X-ray binaries provides valuable insights into neutron star (NS) properties, such as their spin period and magnetic field. However, most studies concentrate on relatively old systems, where the NS is in its late propeller, accretor, or nearly spin equilibrium phase. Here, we use an analytic model from standard accretion theory to illustrate the evolution of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) early in their life. We show that a young NS is unlikely to be an accretor because of the long duration of ejector and propeller phases. We apply the model to the recently discovered ∼4000 yr old HMXB XMMU J051342.6−672412 and find that the system's NS, with a tentative spin period of 4.4 s, cannot be in the accretor phase and has a magnetic field B > a few × 10
13 G, which is comparable to the magnetic field of many older HMXBs and is much higher than the spin equilibrium inferred value of a few × 10
11 G. The observed X-ray luminosity could be the result of thermal emission from a young cooling magnetic NS or a small amount of accretion that can occur in the propeller phase.
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The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Landsat MSS classification of fire fuel types in Wood Buffalo National Park, northern Canada
No full textJ1: Global Ecology & Biogeography Letters; M3: Article; Milne, David Franklin, Steven E. Wilson, Bradley A. Ghitter, Geoff Heathcott, Mark McCaffrey, Thomas M. Ow, Charlotte F. Y.; Source Information: Mar1994, Vol. 4 Issue 2, p33; Subject Term: FOREST fires; Author-Supplied Keyword: Canada (Wood Buffalo National Park); Author-Supplied Keyword: Forest fire; Author-Supplied Keyword: Fuel type classification; Author-Supplied Keyword: Landsat data; Number of Pages: 0p; Document Type: Articl
The reception of Suetonius, De vita Caesarum in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance: the manuscript evidence
No full textThe introduction will emphasize that my concern is with the transmission and reception of the text. As such, I carefully set aside all questions of the quality off various manuscripts as far as their usefulness in recreating the original, that is the problem of an edition. I also set aside the questions of content and authorship. I am not interested in who Suetonius was, how accurate was his work, or what were his sources. I am interested in anyone who has asked these questions, if they have, and why they asked them. I am also interested in how they used the text: for literary references, epigrams, moral exegesis, a study of the Roman empire. Also, how changes to text make it more useful to them. Thus, where those wishing to prepare an edition may set aside a manuscript as hopelessly conflated or filled with later accretions, this very manuscript can be very useful to me.Stephanie Tibbetts intended to do a larger project on the reception of Suetonius’ De vita Caesarum. The part most nearly completed was the catalog of medieval and Renaissance manuscripts. She travelled to numerous libraries in Europe and North America. Wherever she was unable to see a copy, I have attempted to flesh out her notes from online facsimiles and secondary sources. Other copies were identified in the course of my work on the catalog. These will not be the last found, especially when one adds those manuscripts containing excerpts from the text or fragments of damaged copies. -Thomas M. Izbicki, Swarthmore, February 9, 201
The reception of Suetonius, De vita Caesarum in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance: the manuscript evidence
No full textThe introduction will emphasize that my concern is with the transmission and reception of the text. As such, I carefully set aside all questions of the quality off various manuscripts as far as their usefulness in recreating the original, that is the problem of an edition. I also set aside the questions of content and authorship. I am not interested in who Suetonius was, how accurate was his work, or what were his sources. I am interested in anyone who has asked these questions, if they have, and why they asked them. I am also interested in how they used the text: for literary references, epigrams, moral exegesis, a study of the Roman empire. Also, how changes to text make it more useful to them. Thus, where those wishing to prepare an edition may set aside a manuscript as hopelessly conflated or filled with later accretions, this very manuscript can be very useful to me.Stephanie Tibbetts intended to do a larger project on the reception of Suetonius’ De vita Caesarum. The part most nearly completed was the catalog of medieval and Renaissance manuscripts. She travelled to numerous libraries in Europe and North America. Wherever she was unable to see a copy, I have attempted to flesh out her notes from online facsimiles and secondary sources. Other copies were identified in the course of my work on the catalog. These will not be the last found, especially when one adds those manuscripts containing excerpts from the text or fragments of damaged copies. -Thomas M. Izbicki, Swarthmore, March 15, 201
Letter from Thomas M. Cooley, II to Hayao (Sam) and Toshiko Chuman
No full textA letter from Thomas M. Cooley II, Director of the Alien Enemy Control Unit of the Department of Justice to Hayao (Sam) Chuman and Toshiko Chuman (nee Nakamura) acknowledging the receipt of a letter from them.The Chuman (Hayao "Sam" and Toshiko) Papers documents the World War II experiences of Hayao "Sam" and Toshiko Chuman, who were Kibei Nisei born in the United States but grew up and completed school in Japan, and then returned to the U.S. prior to the war. It chronicles the Chuman's incarceration from the Santa Anita Assembly Center, through Jerome, Rohwer, Tule Lake camps, and the Santa Fe and Crystal City internment camps as well as their struggle for restoring their U.S. citizenships in the 1960s. The digital collection consists of mostly textual material, including correspondence, affidavits, incarceration camp records, lease agreements, financial documents, receipts, pamphlets, and booklets
Ultra-stripped supernovae: progenitors and fate
Full text linkThe explosion of ultra-stripped stars in close binaries can lead to ejecta masses <0.1 M⊙ and may explain some of the recent discoveries of weak and fast optical transients. In Tauris et al., it was demonstrated that helium star companions to neutron stars (NSs) may experience mass transfer and evolve into naked ∼1.5 M⊙ metal cores, barely above the Chandrasekhar mass limit. Here, we elaborate on this work and present a systematic investigation of the progenitor evolution leading to ultra-stripped supernovae (SNe). In particular, we examine the binary parameter space leading to electron-capture (EC SNe) and iron core-collapse SNe (Fe CCSNe), respectively, and determine the amount of helium ejected with applications to their observational classification as Type Ib or Type Ic. We mainly evolve systems where the SN progenitors are helium star donors of initial mass MHe = 2.5–3.5 M⊙ in tight binaries with orbital periods of Porb = 0.06–2.0 d, and hosting an accreting NS, but we also discuss the evolution of wider systems and of both more massive and lighter – as well as single – helium stars. In some cases, we are able to follow the evolution until the onset of silicon burning, just a few days prior to the SN explosion. We find that ultra-stripped SNe are possible for both EC SNe and Fe CCSNe. EC SNe only occur for MHe = 2.60–2.95 M⊙ depending on Porb. The general outcome, however, is an Fe CCSN above this mass interval and an ONeMg or CO white dwarf for smaller masses. For the exploding stars, the amount of helium ejected is correlated with Porb – the tightest systems even having donors being stripped down to envelopes of less than 0.01 M⊙. We estimate the rise time of ultra-stripped SNe to be in the range 12 h–8 d, and light-curve decay times between 1 and 50 d. A number of fitting formulae for our models are provided with applications to population synthesis. Ultra-stripped SNe may produce NSs in the mass range 1.10–1.80 M⊙ and are highly relevant for LIGO/VIRGO since most (possibly all) merging double NS systems have evolved through this phase. Finally, we discuss the low-velocity kicks which might be imparted on these resulting NSs at birth
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