1,721,009 research outputs found
Analysis of CFRP joints by means of T-pull mechanical test and ultrasonic defects detection
No full textDefects detection within a composite component, with the aim of understanding and predicting its mechanical behavior, is of great importance in the aeronautical field because the irregularities of the composite material could compromise functionality. The aim of this paper is to detect defects by means of non-destructive testing (NDT) on T-pull samples made by carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) and to evaluate their effect on the mechanical response of the material. Samples, obtained from an industrial stringer having an inclined web and realized with a polymeric filler between cap and web, were subjected to ultrasonic monitoring and then to T-pull mechanical tests. All samples were tested with the same load mode and the same test configuration. An experimental set-up consisting of a semiautomatic C-scan ultrasonic mapping system with a phased array probe was designed and developed, optimizing control parameters and implementing image processing software. The present work is carried out on real composites parts that are characterized by having their intrinsic defectiveness, as opposed to the previous similar results in the literature mainly obtained on composite parts with artificially produced defects. In fact, although samples under study were realized free from defects, ultrasonic mapping found defectiveness inside the material. Moreover, the ultrasonic inspection could be useful in detecting both the location and size of defects. Experimental data were critically analyzed and qualitatively correlated with results of T-pull mechanical tests in order to better understand and explain mechanical behavior in terms of fracture mode. © 2018 by the authors
Wavelet analysis ultra-thin metasurface for hypersonic flow control
No full textMetasurfaces are one of the new frontier of material science and engineering, finding widespread applications in a number of fields, including acoustics and aeroacoustics. In the present paper we propose a novel metasurface specifically fabricated for the hypersonic flow transition control, together with a new strategy for metasurface characterization in the ultrasonic regime. Instead of a conventional porous layer, the metasurface here presented consists in a flat plate with a set of regularly distributed sharp slots. We experimentally observed that such a geometry significantly reduces the wall reflection coefficient, which is known to play a fundamental role in the boundary layer transition phenomenon. Numerical simulations led us to interpret the incident wave scattering as the underlying mechanism related to the observed reflection coefficient reduction. The metasurface characterization has been carried out by comparing the conventional reflection coefficient in the Fourier domain with an innovative wavelet transform-based strategy. As an overall result, the surface geometry here proposed has been shown to offer a twofold advantage: i) it is more effective in ultrasonic incident wave control with respect to conventional porous layers, ii) it needs less manufacturing time, a primary requirement of this type of technology. More interesting, we have put in evidence how a multiresolution approach, like that here proposed, can be highly promising as characterization tool for further metasurfaces with a more complex and multi-scale geometry, being wavelets able to capture the multiscale behaviour of the reflected wave, overcoming the well-known limits of Fourier-based strategies of data analysis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Ceramic Membranes for the Separation of Plasma Enhancement Gases
No full textLow and medium Z impurity seeding gases, or plasma enhancement gases (PEGs) will be injected into the plasma of a Tokamak to convert the plasma thermal energy to ultraviolet and soft X-ray radiation. Possible PEGs are nitrogen, neon, argon, xenon and other inert gases. for the exhaust processing system of the demonstration fusion reactor (DEMO), the use of inorganic membranes was recently taken into consideration. Two commercial ceramic membranes (produced by Atech Innovations GmbH, Germany) were tested at a permeation apparatus built at ENEA Casaccia laboratories. Single gas permeances for H2, He, Ar and N2 were measured with a pressure drop across the membranes between 10 Pa up to 130 kPa at room temperature. For both membranes the permeance order follows the Knudsen regime. The Knudsen permeance measured for the two membranes are on the order of 10−7–10−8. The selectivities found are low (similar to ideal Knudsen). © 2018, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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