1,721,003 research outputs found
Effects of Virtual Emotion Regulation Training on Positive and Negative Sexual Self-Concept of Diabetic Married Women Covered by Comprehensive Health Centers in Gorgan, Iran
Full text linkAbstract
Background: Sexual self-concept is an individual's perception of his/her sexual feelings and actions, which can be affected by
chronic diseases, including diabetes. As a biological and psychological crisis, diabetes can cause mood changes. The present
study was conducted to determine the effects of virtual emotion regulation training on the positive and negative sexual selfconcept
of diabetic married women.
Methods: An interventional study was conducted on women with type 2 diabetes covered by the comprehensive health service
centers of Gorgan (Iran) in 2019. Overall, 36 eligible diabetic women were enrolled via available sampling. The subjects were
assigned to an intervention group (n=19) and a control group (n=17) through four-block allocation and random selection without
placement. Virtual emotion regulation training was held during 4 sessions, once a week, for the intervention group. Both groups
completed the Persian version of Beck’s Depression Inventory and Snell’s Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire
at baseline, immediately after the last virtual training session, and one month after the last training session. Data were analyzed
using ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The mean score of positive sexual self-concept of patients after the last training session was 133.68 ± 18.91in the
intervention and 131.17 ± 18.86 in the control group. The mean score of positive sexual self-concept of patients one month after
the training was 10± 9.51in the intervention group and 15.17 ± 11.92in the control group. The mean score of negative sexual
self-concept of patients after the last training session was 10.42± 10.04 in the intervention and 14.52± 14.39 in the control group.
The interaction effects of time and group on the positive sexual self-concept did not differ significantly (P=0.316). The group
effect was also not statistically significant (P=0.58). The interaction effects of time and group on the negative sexual self-concept
were significant (P=0.023), and the group effect was not statistically significant (P=0.47).
Conclusion: The significant interaction of time and group on negative sexual self-concept indicates that the negative sexual selfconcept
in diabetic women has been affected by the intervention. Given the significant effects of virtual emotion regulation
training on the management of negative emotions, this type of intervention can be beneficial for improving the health of diabetic
women
Parents as Teachers: Mothers’ Roles in Sexual Abuse Prevention Education in Gorgan, Iran
No full textBackground: Parents play an important role in protecting their children from sexual abuse. Mothers, in particular, play key roles in the sexual socialization of their children and in educating their children about child sexual abuse (CSA). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether preschool girls in Gorgan (a city in northern Iran) could learn personal safety skills when taught by their mothers. Participants and setting: Fifty-six participants (mother-daughter pairs) were recruited from patients visiting health centers. Mean age of girls was 6.34 years. Methods: Girls were pretested using Persian versions of the Personal Safety Questionnaire and 'What If' Situations Test, randomly assigned to either a mother-taught program or wait-list control, and post-tested. Mothers assigned to the education group participated in a two-hour workshop on preventing CSA and were given the Body Safety Training workbook to teach their daughters. Following the one-week training by their mothers, children in both groups were post-tested and follow-up tested one month later. Results: Children taught by their mothers demonstrated significant increases in knowledge about sexual abuse and higher levels of personal safety skills compared to controls, and these gains were maintained at the one-month follow-up. Conclusion: Results suggest that mothers can effectively teach their young daughters personal safety skills. Difficulties female children have in recognizing appropriate-touch requests are discussed and compared to results in other developing countries. Advantages of home-based instruction for young children are described and suggestions for increasing parent participation are offered
Evaluating Correlation of General Self-Concept with Sexual Self-Concept in Infertile Women
Full text linkBackground: General self-concept refers to a set of feelings and perceptions toward oneself, and sexual self-concept is defined as individual's perception of his/her sexual feelings and actions. These two concepts are affected by various life problems, including infertility. The present study aimed to evaluate correlation of general self-concept and sexual self-concept in infertile women. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was carried out on all infertile women who visited the Gorgan Infertility Center in 2018. Overall, 105 eligible infertile women were included in the study via convenience sampling. Data were collected using Persian versions of the Rogers self-concept questionnaire and the Snell sexual self-concept questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Pearson and Spearman's correlation tests in SPSS 16 and at significance of 0.05. Results: Mean age of subjects was 28.88±5.14 years (range: 17 and 40 years). Based on the findings, 19% of the participants had normal general self-concept, 31.4% had moderate self-concept, and 49.5% had weak self-concept. Mean scores of positive sexual self-concept, negative self-concept and situational sexual self-concept were 118.9±24.85, 13.33±8.94 and 41.98±10.53, respectively. There was no correlation between general self-concept and different dimensions of sexual self-concept of the infertile women. Conclusion: Due to the lack of correlation between general self-concept and sexual self-concept in infertile women, it is suggested to conduct evaluations and interventions on the general and sexual self-concepts of the participants separately
Self-Awareness Counseling on Quality of Life of Menopausal Women
Full text linkBackground: Counseling interventions are among the available strategies to improve the menopausal quality of life and self-awareness counseling is effective in improving adaptation, self-confidence and quality of life. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine effects of self-awareness counseling on quality of life of menopausal women in Gorgan, Iran. Methods: In this clinical trial, we examined 52 menopause women referred to health centers of Gorgan, Iran in 2018. Data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form and the menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire. First, the control group completed the data collection tools at the beginning of the study and 6 and 10 weeks after the first session. Then the intervention group completed the tools at base line and participated in six 45-60-minute self-awareness-based group counseling sessions, once a week. After that, they were completed questionnaire, immediately and a month after the end of the intervention. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Results: In the intervention group, the baseline mean scores of menopausal quality of life and its vasomotor, physical, psychosocial and sexual domains were 55.69±19.47, 5.30±4.57, 30.26±12.24, 12.15±6.64 and 7.96±5.34, respectively. A month after the intervention, the mean scores of menopausal quality of life (30.42±19.64) and its vasomotor (2.65±2.33), physical (16.38±8.64), psychosocial (7.19±4.63) and sexual (4.19±3.42) domains increased significantly in the intervention group (p=0.001). In between group comparison, except for the psychosocial domain, the mean scores of quality of life and its various domains showed a statistically significant difference in one month after the intervention (P=0.001). Conclusion: The menopausal quality of life and its various domains improved one month after the end of self-awareness counseling. Therefore, we recommend offering self-awareness counseling in health centers for improving the quality of life of menopausal women
Comparison of the Effect of Teaching an Educational Package to Spouses Using Two Methods of In-Person and Distance Education in Childbirth Preparation Classes on Pregnant Women's Mental Health
Full text linkBackground & aim: Spouses’ participation in childbirth preparation classes seems
to be effective in the promotion of pregnant women's mental health. Considering
the barriers to spouses' participation in these classes, this study aimed to
determine the effect of teaching an educational package to spouses using two
methods of in-person and distance education in childbirth preparation classes on
pregnant women's mental health.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 102 pregnant women
and their husbands in health centers of Mashhad, Iran, in 2019. The subjects were
randomly assigned to three groups of in-person education (n=35), distance
education (n=33), and control (n=34).In the in-person education group, spouses
attended in the third and eighth sessions. In the distance education group, an
educational package was delivered to spouses, followed by follow-up calls within
three weeks to resolve possible ambiguities. In the control group, the spouses did
not receive any training. Pregnant women's mental health was assessed by the
General Health Questionnaire-28 before, immediately after, and three weeks after
the intervention.
Results: The mean scores of mental health in the three groups did not differ before
the intervention (P<0.05).In the distance education group, the mean scores of
mental health decreased by 16.1 and 20.1 after the intervention and in the followup
stage, compared to the control group (P<0.001). In the in-person education
group, there were no significant changes in the scores in any stages of preintervention,
post-intervention, and follow-up, compared to the control group
(P<0.05).
Conclusion: Distance education of spouses in childbirth preparation classes was
more effective in the promotion of pregnant women's mental health, compared to
in-person education
Preventing Child Sexual Abuse in Iran: Mothers Teaching Body Safety to Their Sons
Full text linkAbstract
Background: Parents play important roles in protecting their children from child sexual abuse (CSA). In Iran, mothers have
been shown to effectively improve and maintain female children’s protective behaviors and knowledge regarding CSA. This
study aimed to determine the effect of personal safety education for mothers in Gorgan (northeastern Iran) on their sons’
knowledge and skills for the prevention of CSA.
Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in 2019 on 46 preschool-aged boys and their mothers. Eligible subjects were
recruited by systematic random sampling from two health centers in Gorgan. Boys were pretested using Persian versions of the
Personal Safety Questionnaire and ’What If’ Situations Test and then randomly assigned to either an education group (mothertaught
program) or a control group. Mothers assigned to the education group participated in a 2-hour training session and were
given the Body Safety Training workbook to teach their sons during the following week. Two days after the training by their
mothers, boys in both groups were post tested and also followed up one month later. Data were analyzed in SPSS software
(version 16) by using repeated-measures ANOVA, general estimation equation, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher’s exact test.
Results: Children taught by their mothers demonstrated significant increases in the mean scores of knowledge (P=0.001), total
safety skills (P<0.001), and appropriate-touch recognition (P=0.005). These increases were maintained at the one-month
follow-up. Children in both groups recognized almost all inappropriate-touch requests correctly at all three time periods
(P=0.99).
Conclusion: Educated mothers effectively taught their young sons skills and knowledge to protect from CSA, and these gains
were maintained for one month. Although all participants were able to recognize inappropriate-touch requests, boys did not
recognize that requests to touch the genitals are appropriate for health or hygiene purposes until they were educated by their
mothers. In Iran, parents teach children that any touching or looking at their private parts by anyone is forbidden
A comparative study of depression and its relationship with physical health among families with and without COVID-19 patients in comprehensive health centers
Full text linkAbstract
Background: The prevalence of the coronavirus has had various psychological effects on families with patients suffering
from COVID-19, including depression. Depression can also affect the physical health of family members. This study was
conducted with the aim of comparing the level of depression and its relationship with physical health among families
with and without COVID-19 patients in comprehensive health centers.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in 2022 in comprehensive health centers in Gorgan (Iran) among 98
families with and without COVID-19 patients, using simple random sampling. The data collection tools included the
Beck Depression Inventory and the PHQ physical health questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics
and tests such as the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and Spearman's correlation test at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The study revealed that the mean scores of depression and physical health in family members with COVID-19
patients were 11.56±7.50 and 7.60±4.32, respectively, while in families without COVID-19 patients, they were 8.01±4.67
and 3.98±3.43, respectively. The odds of depression (OR=5.11, p=0.001) and physical symptoms (OR=4.68, p=0.002)
were higher in families with COVID-19 patients compared to those without. The findings also showed a direct and
significant linear correlation between depression and physical health in both groups (p<0.001, r=0.44).
Conclusion: These findings increase the awareness of health managers about the prevalence of depression and physical
health disorders among families with COVID-19 patients and can help provide economic, social, and psychological
support programs for these families
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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