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An Operative Tool for Land Management Police in Complex Terrain Coastal Environments with Mixed Sources Air Pollution.
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ATMOSPHERIC FLOW FIELDS Theory, numerical methods and software tools
No full textThis volume is a collection of lectures on practical and theoretical aspects of
atmospheric flows over flat and complex terrain with applications to air pollution
and wind energy.
The lectures are the result of ten years of research on the dynamical behaviour of
the Planetary Boundary Layer that has a direct effect on the air quality and on the
boundary layer parameterization schemes used in local, regional and global
models.
It is divided into two main parts. The first, which comprises three chapters,
presents the structure of the Planetary Boundary Layer with emphasis in the
region adjacent to the ground, the Synoptic Mesoscale Meteorology and Coastal
Air Pollution and complex terrain Meteorology. The second, Chaps. 5 to 8,
discusses on the planetary boundary-layer (PBL) parameterization that is a key
issue for the definition of initial wind flow fields in diagnostic models,
meteorological prognostic models (RAMS, MM5, WRF), the estimation of the
lower atmospheric turbulence parameters by remote sensing technique, the
fundamentals of Air Pollution Mathematical Modelling, an analytical solution for
the nonstationary two-dimensional advection–diffusion equation to simulate the
pollutant dispersion in the planetary boundary layer (the GILTT solution of the
advection–diffusion equation), the selected case studies of complex terrain
meteorology and an estimation of the lower atmospheric turbulence parameters by
remote sensing tools.
In the appendix, will be found a complete list of available databases and software
will be followed.
The unique feature of this book is that beyond the theoretical treatments of the
analytical and numerical techniques, it includes a number of tools where the
techniques presented in the main part are implemented and can be run by the
reader. These practical tools can be used to easily test selected mathematical
formulation or performing a swift sensitivity analysis
The representative day technique in the analysis of thermal comfort in outdoor urban spaces
No full textThe aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of assessing the diurnal variation of PMV thermal comfort index by introducing the Representative Day technique in order to obtain information on correlation between thermal comfort and meteorological parameters. The representative day is constituted by the actual data of the day, in the considered period, where the sum of the mean-square differences among its evaluated or monitored quantities, averaged within each hour, and the same quantities for all other days at the same hour is minimised. This technique can prove to be a very important tool for identifying both anomalous and standard behaviours of comfort indices within the selected period in outdoor urban spaces. In this paper a preliminary evaluation of the methodology for the representative day of PMV index is presented
The evaluation of Representative Day and Least Representative Day in a complex coastal area
No full textThermal comfort and microclimates in open spaces. I
No full textMicroclimatic conditions in urban open spaces are characterized by the morphology of the urban pattern and by the properties of urban surfaces. In this paper a variety of ground surface materials and vegetation located in typical open spaces, in a historical city of middle Italy (Ascoli Piceno), were examined to evaluate the influence of the surfaces on the microclimatic variations of the study area. Inside street canyons, public places and open spaces the local microclimate depends directly on the physical properties of the surrounding surfaces and objects, producing well-known effects such as wind speed decrease, local jets, increased turbulence or increased thermal loads. These phenomena can have a big influence on the comfort of the city and on the comfort of pedestrian.
This urban climate assessment process requires different methods starting with numerical climate models that provide the meteorological parameters ending up with a set of models that simulate the comfort level. The used tools in the simulation are the numerical microclimate model ENVI-met and the COMFA+ thermal model which aims to calculate comfort conditions
Several techniques based on bioclimatic architecture criteria and energy conservation principles have been analysed in order to improve the microclimate in an outdoor space located in a typical Mediterranean area
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