1,721,011 research outputs found
Pushover analysis of confined masonry walls using a 3D macro-modelling approach
No full textThis paper shows a novelty way to simulate the nonlinear behaviour of confined masonry walls subjected to in-plane lateral loading by using a 3D macro-modelling approach. For this purpose, the finite elements method implemented in ABAQUS software was used. All the 3D solid finite elements were modelled as a single part, which allowed avoiding modelling the contact interfaces between concrete and masonry elements. The nonlinear behaviour of the concrete and masonry were governed by two main types of failures: crushing and cracking, which were properly represented by the Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model. Steel rebars were modelled as elastic–plastic with hardening and were assumed to have a perfect adhesion with the surrounding concrete by means of the embedded constraint. Prior to the modelling process, experiments were carried out whose results were used as patterns to validate the proposed model. A calibration process of the tensile properties of masonry was conducted for properly fitting the experimental patterns. As a result, there were good agreements between the numerical and experimental outcomes in terms of capacity curves and cracking patterns.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Experimental assessment of confined masonry walls retrofitted with SRG under lateral cyclic loads
No full textAround the world, many informal masonry buildings have collapsed due to the failure of their bearing walls under lateral seismic loads. This is related to the many involved factors, such the quality of the materials, the quality of workmanship, the lack of technical intervention, and the high seismicity of the zone, among others. However, the fact is that these constructions need to be retrofitted in order to upgrade their ultimate strength and allow them to properly absorb inelastic deformations. Currently, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been widely studied as a retrofitting technique. However, it has some technical and economic disadvantages that are remedied by fiber reinforced mortar (FRM). In this paper, a variant of FRM known as steel reinforced grout (SRG) is studied as a seismic retrofitting technique for cracked confined masonry walls (CMW). For this purpose, three full-scale cracked walls were repaired, retrofitted with SRG strips, and tested under in-plane cyclic loads at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP). The experimental results show the benefits of SRG in improving the lateral displacement ductility, energy dissipation, and stiffness degradation of CMWs.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Numerical simulation of an adobe wall under in-plane loading
No full textAdobe is one of the oldest construction materials that is still used in many seismic countries, and different construction techniques are found around the world. The adobe material is characterized as a brittle material; it has acceptable compression strength but it has poor performance under tensile and shear loading conditions. Numerical modelling is an alternative approach for studying the nonlinear behaviour of masonry structures such as adobe. The lack of a comprehensive experimental database on the adobe material properties motivated the study developed here. A set of a reference material parameters for the adobe were obtained from a calibration of numerical models based on a quasi-static cyclic in-plane test on full-scale adobe wall representative of the typical Peruvian adobe constructions. The numerical modelling, within the micro and macro modelling approach, lead to a good prediction of the in-plane seismic capacity and of the damage evolution in the adobe wall considered
Displacement-based fragility curves for seismic assessment of adobe buildings in Cusco, Peru
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Expected ground motion at the historical site of Poggio Picenze, Central Italy, with reference to current Italian building code
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Seismic Ground Response Analysis at the Site of San Felice Church in Poggio Picenze (L’Aquila, Italy)
No full textBell towers of Lima’s Cathedral: An architectural-engineering combined seismic study
No full textThis paper focuses on the seismic evaluation of the Bell Towers of Lima’s Cathedral. The church, which dates back to 1535, has been modified and reconstructed several times over the centuries, changing its structural assembly in terms of lightening and strengthening. Focusing on the massive 45Â m tall towers, linear kinematic analyses have been performed in order to evaluate their vulnerability. The results show how its actual performance is far below the safety requirements of the Peruvian code. Such code, however, lacks of regulations aimed at increasing structural safety of existing buildings and, thus, it does not provide any reference on the minimum safety level to reach on a monumental construction such as the Cathedral. A simple intervention using steel ties has been proposed in order to increase such performance on nearly all the considered collapse mechanisms, however the reference value of structural safety, due to absence of other prescription, has been set as the ultimate limit state for new constructions
Hospital treatment capacity in case of seismic scenario in the Lima Metropolitan area, Peru
No full textA quantitative methodology that computes the capacity of hospitals to operate on injured people in the aftermath of a seismic event is presented. The model incorporates variables such as organizational and human preparedness, damage to buildings, the number of operating theatres, the amount of supplies, and the duration of a surgical treatment. The damage to buildings is assessed probabilistically using fragility curves while the other variables are calculated deterministically. The model is applied to a selection of 41 existing hospitals in the Lima metropolitan area. The results highlight that the investigated health facilities possess a low hospital treatment capacity in the aftermath of a seismic event. This is due to a high expected seismic damage level of the analysed hospital pavilions and insufficient autonomy in essential resources such as water, electrical power, medical gases, and medicines. Given the low hospital seismic performance, external aid is necessary in the case of immediate needs, for example support from the private sector and field hospitals. Among the preventive measures to improve the hospital treatment capacity, structural and non-structural retrofitting of the existing structures is useful, but increasing the backup of essential resources and the construction of new operating rooms can also be efficient. We also find that hospitals are concentrated in the central area of the metropolis where other health facilities with adequate backup of essential resources are located, highlighting the gap in hospital treatment capacity between the centre and suburbs
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