129 research outputs found
Development of Raisedbed Machine for Small-Scale Farmers to Improve Water Uses Efficiency in Irrigated Ecosystems
No full textThe locally manufactured small-scale agricultural machinery in Egypt has recently acquired high importance in order to localize technology and innovation at the farm level. This study aims to design a cost-effective multi-seed planting raisedbed machine to rationalize water use and enhance land productivity in the Nile Delta of Egypt. The small farmers will adopt this technique to enable water, energy, seeds, and effort saving. The design of the machine went through a systematic process of tests to ensure that the design fit for purpose considering a set of design criteria such as soil type, crop type, and varieties as well as seeds size, planting rates, roads networks, farm sizes, cost-effectiveness, and available existing traction forces. The analyses using SolidWorks, a solid modelling computer-aided design and engineering application program, and Ansys simulation software were carried out to the loads and stresses subjected to different parts of the machine in order to identify the proper thickness and materials to manufacture the machine. Based on the stress and strain analysis, the machine structure and its components were designed. The main components of the machine include the main skeleton, seed drill box, planter seed box, feeding chambers, and cells as well as a feeding tube, gearbox, ditchers, ground-driving wheel and transmission mechanism, and mounting triangle. After building the machine components, various investigations were performed by subjecting the used materials to ascending loads to analyze shearing force, normal stress, shear stress, strain, and strength analysis in a micro meshes scale in all machine components. These tests enabled the identification of deformations, equivalent elastic strain, and Safety factor on different machine parts. The simulated values of the machine’s parts in thicknesses and dimensions were in good correspondence and consistency with the actual design values. The model showed that the boundary conditions were accurate and rational, and it would provide a scientific basis for the optimum design of the raisedbed machine under multiple and interlinked loads
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND FATIGUE ASSESSMENT OF SINGLE - SCREW FISH OIL EXTRUDER
No full textModelling by Finite Element Method (FEM) and fatigue assessment of the single-screw of a press for obtaining fish oil through Solidworks software. Fish oil is a dietary supplement resulting from the tissues of fatty fish, such as salmon, mackerel, herring, and other different types of fish. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, and this oil is extracted using an extrusion machine. The objective of this study is to design and analyze extruder parts by finite element analysis at the Department of Agricultural Engineering - Faculty of Agriculture, Egypt. The functional parts of the machine include a feeder, nozzle (barrel), filter mesh, pressure chambers 1 and 2, screw axis, and finally a waste outlet. As for finite element analysis, 9 indicators were studied such as Von Mises, yield strength, INT (stress intensity), TRI (triaxle stress), static displacements, RFRES (resultant reaction), ESTRN (equivalent strain), SEDENS (strain energy density, and ENERGY (total strain energy), and the results for screw axle were (3.12e+07 N/m2, 1.72e+08 N/m2, 3.60e+07 N/m2, 3.71e+07 N/m2, 3.17e-02 mm, 1.91e+02N, 1.08e-04,1.41e+03 N.m/m3, 4.41e-15 N.m) when applied 100 N as a torque load, this axle can press 5 times the added weight of fish waste. Also, for screw axis, the results of fatigue indices such as load factor and biaxiality were (7.72e+08, and 9.34e-01) respectively
MATHEMATICAL MODEL TO PREDICT OF THE SINGLE SCREW EXTRUDER DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS FOR FISH OIL EXTRACTION
No full textMathematical and prediction models provide solutions for designing machines and help determine the design factors for many models of different capacities and sizes. Fish oil extrusion machines play a crucial role in the production of fish oil, a valuable commodity widely used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics. The design and performance of these machines significantly impact the efficiency and quality of fish oil extraction processes. In this study, we explore the predictive outcomes of scaling up design of a fish oil extrusion machine by different capacities and sizes. This scaling-up process aims to assess the feasibility and potential benefits of increasing the size and capacity of the extrusion machine. The results obtained from the program provided a lot of data on the geometric design of different sizes and capacities of the cold-press fish oil extraction machine. the mathematical model was predicted with design specifications as the hopper volume, discharge rate, capacity of screw conveyor, in the barrel, diameter of shaft, and power required by screw conveyor of the extruder based on the main dimensions, inlet diameter, hopper outlet size, and hopper height values, 0.06m3, 0.3kg/s, 91.68kg/h, 0.13m ,18.4kw, 0.7m, 0.55m, 0.75m
PREDICTION OF MASS PRODUCTION OF FABA BEAN CROP USING DIGITAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
No full textAccurate estimation of crop biomass is essential for assessing crop growth, yield potential, and optimizing agricultural management practices. Digital image analysis has emerged as a promising tool for non-destructive and efficient biomass prediction in crop production. In this study examine the predictive capabilities of digital image analysis for faba bean biomass estimation. Utilizing RGB (Red, Green, Blue) and vegetation indices image analysis techniques, the digital images was analyses of faba bean plant in fields to extract relevant biomass characteristics and quantify biomass. Through computational modelling and simulation, it assess the accuracy and reliability of these models across 100 days of growth and environmental conditions. The test analysis were conducted in the laboratory of the Agricultural Engineering Department. The results showed varying with the green biomass with the color indicators used, through which the green mass can be predicted. A linear equation appears relationship between normalized difference index and mass production during days of faba bean growth it was y = 6.0166x + 215.85 with R2 = 0.9495
USING THERMAL IMAGES TO MONITOR TEMPERATURE STABILITY IN SALMON SMOKING ROOM
No full textThe cold smoking process in a commercial smoke house was used for Salmon fillets were dried for 12 hours at a temperature of about 23°C. It was cold smoked for 12 hours using wood chips. The dry matter and salt content were generally determined. Samples were cooled on slides at 5°C for 6 hours before vacuum packing and then cold stored at approximately 4°C. While inside the freezing room, before smoking the fish sample which ranged from -17.5 to -18°C. The characterize temperatures of fish smoking house and infrared imagingwith thermal analysis has been used to monitor temperature distribution in those ovens, compare heat transfer and energy efficiency across different ovens, and understand the overall performance of the house, including heating and heating rate. The results recorded the average temperature inside the smoking room, which ranged from 21.34 to 23.34°C, the temperature stability relies inside the cooling room when the temperature differences between 0 and 1°C on three dimensions inside the cooling room
IMPACT OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING IN EGYPT AND ARAB WORLD
No full textThe fourth industrial revolution that the world is witnessing in the field of technology casts a shadow over all aspects of life, which results in new types of distinct and advanced jobs and skills. The successful adoption of these new technologies can boost global productivity to the same extent that personal computers and the Internet achieved during the late 1990s. For investors, the fourth revolution offers opportunities for profit similar to the ones that preceded the ones that preceded it. Indeed, the owners of technology in this early stage of the industrial revolution are asking for very large prices for their technology, and because there are many oryx Data that can not artificial intelligence and robots being able to perform; leaving us an open society of the human element, in order to cope with the rapid changes has to be the transfer of knowledge and enhance leadership skills, creativity, and value judgments and the ability to adapt; to remain the most valuable skill through education, training and professional development. This creates many areas of work related to modern technologies that are rapidly invented by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, so cooperation between academic institutions and economic sectors must be developed to develop human resources capable of keeping pace with the digital transformation resulting from artificial intelligence, which also requires us to be a mirror of societal values and a reflection of them; thus It makes us entrusted with verifying the ethics and legitimacy of artificial intelligence in a way that serves security and occupational safety and serves social and economic goals. the training and education is the primary focus of any future strategy, education has had the greatest impact on the Fourth Industrial Revolution and influencing it, this digital transformation of the industry needs different teaching mechanisms and high-level professional skills; in order to keep pace with the nutrition of robotics systems and the complexities of artificial intelligence and also the future need for interaction skills Digital and communication skills with what's new. The knowledge revolution resulted in a society with special features called the knowledge society, which imposed a set of roles and responsibilities, and thus the transformation of universities in developed countries into investment universities, which made them required to change their structural, financial and administrative policy to change their outputs, which led to increased restrictions on universities, and also imposed competition between Universities in the production of knowledge so that the pressure on universities increased and they need to provide more knowledge because they are the only ones that provide human elements at the highest level to lead the community
WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR SMOKING SALMON BY- PRODUCTS TO EXTRACT OMEGA-3 FISH OIL
No full textThe main objective of this investigation was to study the possibility of producing fish oil from smoking salmon waste by using cold pressing and wet rendering methods. The amount and the properties of extracted of oil were tested. The samples were used about 33.810 kg., smoked fish caused about 9.610 kg. As a Salmon waste (skin, viscera, backbone frames and cuts off) it's recorded about 20% of the total mass from salmon slices. The results showed the smoking salmon waste have more than18% of oil fish per one kg of salmon waste. The oil weight from Salmon by-products was increased with pressing time increase as well as oil yield increased. The oil extraction increased and characterization of quality. The optimum conditions at pressing time was 180 min., oil weight was 93 g. oil/500 g. Salmon by-products, oil productivity was 18.00%, and extraction efficiency were 98.46 % at constant pressure. The oil weight from Salmon by-products was increased with heating time increase as well as oil productivity increased. The oil extraction yield increased with the wet rendering processes at heating time of 60 min. have oil weight about 90 g. oil/500 g. Salmon by-products , oil productivity about 18.00%, and extraction efficiency was 95.23% . The oil yield increased with both processes and cold pressing methods gave good looking and high quality of oil fish
Using Green Cold Pressing to Produce High Quality Fish Oil From Industrial Salmon Waste
No full textThe main objective of this research was to determine the amount of oil fish were extracted from fish west resulted from butchering, cutting and splitting processes before salmon smoking by using cold pressing `methods. The amount and the characteristics of extracted of oil were tested at Regional Centre for food and feed the USDA Agricultural Research Center laboratory. The samples were used from fresh Salmon waste about 1000g from each of the (head, skin, viscera, backbone, frames and cuts off). This waste recorded more than 22% of the total mass from salmon fish with used modern extract machine. in this experiment the results revealed the fresh salmon waste have more than 16 % of oil fish per one kg of salmon waste. The oil weight from Salmon waste for (head, skin, viscera, backbone, frames and cuts off). was increased with pressing time increase as well as oil productivity increased. The optimum conditions at pressing time was 200 min, for all salmon waste components . Oil productivity fluctuated according to waste sources was 190, 210, 86, 188, 178 and 90 g.oil/1000 g. by head, skin, off cuts , terming, , viscera , and backbone frames, Salmon by-products, oil productivity was ranged between 8.60 to 21.00% at constant pressure. High contents of functional EPA (20:5 ω 3) and DHA (22:6 ω 3) for oil fish
3D Printing Technology as An Effective Solution To Build The Faba Bean Seed Meter Plate With Various Materials
No full textThe difference in some dimensions of the seeds prevents the optimal determination of the dimensions and shape of
the holes in the feeding device, which reduces the efficiency of seed distribution during planting. The design and
building of metering plates suitable for the faba bean seeds from material that is affordable and appropriate for the
environmental and operational conditions during their onset on the land to cultivate the crop and enhance
productivity. The plates were built by 3D printing by Tanta Motors - Egypt and tested at the Department of
Agricultural Engineering - Faculty of Agriculture, Egypt. This research study was conducted for the design and
development of plates. The discs were designed and built through a series of processes that were defined and plotted
in proportion to the main dimensions and shape index of the seed. The materials analysis was tested by
(Solidworks). Changes in materials (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene- Polyamide Nylon and Thermoplastic
polyurethane) and shape index 1.7674 and 1.8782 were tested at Stress, displacement, Strain analysis, mesh,
Deformation, and plate safety factor. Moreover, the simulation results indicated that the computational values were
in agreement with the theoretical values. They all showed that the model and boundary conditions were correct and
logical, and would provide a scientific basis for the optimal design
PREDICTING THE AMOUNT OF POLLUTANTS EMITTED OF WOOD BURNED FOR FISH SMOKING
No full textThe process of smoking fish uses heat resulting from burning biomass fuel, which is a source of greenhouse gas emissions. There are many ovens that use electricity and firewood as a source for energy. The study aimed to calculate the amount of emissions resulting from burning wood, such as nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide equivalents, and to determine the carbon footprint of fish smoking factories to reduce the negative effects of greenhouse gas emissions. The results showed that the amount of Nitrogen oxides gas produced from the factory per year was 0.007 ton NOx, Sulphur dioxide was 0.0009 ton SO2, Particulate Matter was 0.0438 ton PM, Volatile Organic Compounds was 0.0876 ton VOCs, Carbon Monoxide was 0.613 ton CO, Carbon dioxide was 6.92 ton CO2, the emissions from the amount of fuel used was 788 ton CO2-eq, the emissions of electricity use was equal to 38.3 ton CO2-eq. In the end, the total amount of emissions produced from the factory is 99.5 ton of CO2-eq yr2=-1
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