2,659 research outputs found
The identification of the Tao-1 kinase as a key regulator of microtubule dynamics
Get PDFIn a multicellular animal, the different functions of cells are dependent on their diversity of shapes. Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation play an important role in altering the cell shape in response to internal and
external signals. In this study I focused on all kinases to explore the gene functions and mechanisms underlying the regulation of cell morphology.
Using genomic information I have constructed a Drosophila kinase RNAi library, which was then used to screen six different cell lines from two different tissues of origin for novel genes involved in the generation of cell
form. In doing so, I identified a group of common regulators of cell behaviour and morphology together with a set of cell-type specific kinases.
Importantly, this analysis also revealed that, when considering the kinome, gene expression signatures are a poor measure of cell type specific differences in gene function, measured by comparing with the microarray
data available in our lab. Most significantly, these screens identified a novel role for Mnb/DYRK1A, a kinase associated with Down’s Syndrome, in the regulation of actin-based protrusions in cell lines derived from neuronal lineages.
Furthermore, I identified a single STE20 kinase Drosophila Tao-1 in the core set which was required for the normal morphology of all cell lines examined. The RNAi-mediated depletion of Tao-1 or expression of the kinase-dead protein leads to the stabilisation of microtubules and to the
formation of long microtubule-based protrusions, whereas the
overexpression of Tao-1 destabilizes microtubules. I also showed in this study that Tao-1 acts independently of Par-1 and Tau in this process.
Instead, Tao-1 appears to function together with EB1 in the regulation of microtubule plus end instability at the cell cortex. Two microtubule motor proteins, Khc and Khc-73, interact with Tao-1 in a yeast two hybrid screen,
which hints at a possible role for the transport of Tao-1 along filaments to microtubule plus ends and the cell cortex. Although evidence for a direct role for Tao-1 in the phosphorylation and/or regulation of EB1 has yet to
be established, this is to my knowledge first time a kinase has been found acting at the cell cortex to regulate microtubule plus end stability
Non-alloy Mg anode for Ni-MH batteries: Multiple approaches towards a stable cycling performance
No full textMg attracts much research interest as anode material for Ni-MH batteries thanks to its lightweight, cost-effectiveness and high theoretical capacity (2200 mA h g−1). However, its practical application is tremendously challenged by the poor hydrogen sorption kinetics, passivation from aggressive aqueous electrolytes, and insulating nature of MgH2. Mg-based alloys exhibit enhanced hydrogen sorption kinetics and electrical conductivity, but significant amount of costly transition metal elements are required. In this work, we have, for the first time, utilized non-alloyed but catalyzed Mg as anode for Ni-MH batteries. 5 mol.% TiF3 was added to nanosized Mg for accelerating the hydrogen sorption kinetics. Several strategies for preventing the problematic passivation of Mg have been studied, including protective encapsulation of the electrode and utilizing room-temperature/high-temperature ionic liquids and an alkaline polymer membrane as working electrolyte. Promising electrochemical performance has been achieved in this Mg–TiF3 composite anode based Ni-MH batteries with room for further improvements.</p
Assessing risk of self-harm in acute paediatric settings: A multicentre exploratory evaluation of the CYP-MH SAPhE instrument
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: To psychometrically assess the Children and Young People-Mental Health Self-harm Assessment in Paediatric healthcare Environments (CYP-MH SAPhE) instrument for the identification of immediate risk of self-harm in CYP, aged 10-19 years, in acute paediatric wards or emergency departments., DESIGN: The CYP-MH SAPhE Instrument was developed through a robust scoping review and Delphi consensus with 30 clinicians/topic experts. To evaluate the psychometric properties, a multicentre exploratory study was conducted., SETTING: Three acute hospitals in the UK., PARTICIPANTS: 163 CYP presenting at acute hospital settings with primary mental health (cases) or physical health (non-cases) conditions., PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Psychometric properties of the CYP-MH SAPhE instrument were evaluated through Principle Axis Factoring (PAF) with Oblimin (Kaiser normalisation) alongside measures of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), convergent, discriminant and face validity., RESULTS: PAF of the dichotomous items (n=9) loaded onto three factors (1) behaviours and intentions; (2) suicidality and (3) self-harm. Factors 1 (Cronbach's alpha=0.960) and 3 (Cronbach's alpha=1) had high internal consistency. There was: good level of agreement between raters (kappa=0.65); a moderately positive correlation between the CYP-MH SAPhE instrument and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale; and discrimination between cases and non-cases across the three factors (factor 1: m=88 vs 70; factor 2: m=102 vs 70; factor 3: m=104 vs 68). Assessment of face validity resulted in six items being removed, culminating in an eight question, rapid assessment instrument., CONCLUSIONS: The results support the CYP-MH SAPhE Tool as a potentially reliable and valid instrument to identify immediate risk of self-harm in CYP presenting to acute paediatric healthcare environments, which is a burgeoning and significant global health issue. Copyright © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-04376
Improvements of developed graphite based composite anti-aging agent on thermal aging properties of asphalt
No full textTo reduce the thermal-oxidative aging of asphalt and the release amount of harmful volatiles during the construction of asphalt pavement, a new composite anti-aging agent was developed. Since the volatiles were mainly released from saturates and aromatics during the thermal-oxidative aging of asphalt, expanded graphite (EG) was selected as a stabilizing agent to load magnesium hydroxide (MH) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles for preparing the anti-aging agents of saturates and aromatics, respectively. Thermal stability and volatile constituents released from saturates and aromatics before and after the thermal-oxidative aging were characterized using the isothermal Thermogravimetry/Differential Scanning Calorimetry-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer test (TG/DSC-FTIR test). Test results indicate that anti-aging agents of EG/MH and EG/CaCO3 effectively inhibit the volatilization of light components in asphalt and improve the thermal stability of saturates and aromatics. Then, the proportions of EG, MH, and CaCO3 added in the developed composite anti-aging agent of EG/MH/CaCO3 are 2:1:3 by weight. EG/MH/CaCO3 plays a synergetic effect on inhibiting the thermal-oxidative aging of asphalt, and reduces the release amount of harmful volatiles during the thermal-oxidative aging after EG/MH/CaCO3 is added into asphalt at the proposed content of 10 wt. %. EG plays a synergistic role with MH and CaCO3 nanoparticles to prevent the chain reactions, inhibiting the thermal-oxidative aging of asphalt.Pavement Engineerin
The search for the Higgs boson in tauon pairs at the ATLAS experiment
Get PDF© 2013 Dr. Qi Tao ShaoThe Higgs boson is a particle that’s predicted to exist by spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking. Electroweak symmetry breaking is an essential part of the Standard Model of particle physics, as it generates masses for the electroweak gauge bosons. Finding the Higgs boson is integral to our understandings of the fundamental particles and their interactions.
Searches for the Higgs boson are conducted by the ATLAS experiment using proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. One of these searches is performed using the H→ττ decays, which has a clean detection signature and, with H →bb, is one of the only two viable fermonic search channels. Using the 4.7 f b−1 of data collected at √s = 7 TeV, the H→ττ analysis excludes the Higgs boson at approximately 3 times the expected cross section for 100 < mH < 120 GeV and 5 to 12 times the expected cross section for 130 < mH < 150 GeV. The H→ττ search results are combined with those from the other channels to achieve better sensitivities.
The combined results have excluded most Higgs masses between 110 and 500 GeV. The only region that is not excluded is at mH = 126 GeV, where an excess above the background expectations is observed in multiple bosonic channels. This excess has a combined local significance of 5.9 σ. ATLAS claims this observed excess as a discovery of a new bosonic particle, whose properties have thus far been measured to be consistent with that of the Higgs boson
The times; or, the age of ruin. A poem. [electronic resource] : By the author of "A poetical and complimentary epistle to R. Brothers the prophet, and N. B. Halhed, Esq;" &c.
No full textPublication date from MH-H.Electronic reproduction.English Short Title Catalog,Reproduction of original from Harvard University Houghton Library
[The] lady's watch. [electronic resource] : By the author of The prude.
No full textVerse - "A fair one sought the silent poplar shade".'The prude, a tale.' was first published in Dublin in 1722.MH-H copy may be cropped at head, affecting first word of titleFoxon,Electronic reproduction.English Short Title Catalog,Reproduction of original from Harvard University Houghton Library
Between Mother and Son: Preparation of the assambly MH+-
No full textEl presente informe recopila los detalles y el proceso creativo de la obra de danza MH+-, donde se reunieron los saberes académicos en términos prácticos, teóricos y experienciales, apropiados por el estudiante y autor de la obra en mención y este texto, Ricardo Nieto Ortíz. En esta obra se tomó como inspiración temática la relación personal de dicho estudiante y su madre, desde el momento en que este se identificó frente a ella como un hombre homosexual. El proceso de creación se llevó a cabo a través de un laboratorio de investigación creación con seis intérpretes creadores, incluido Ricardo Nieto, durante seis meses, con cuatro etapas de desarrollo utilizando herramientas como la improvisación, la creación de personajes y la ejercitación de los imaginarios que nutren los procesos creativos de los intérpretes.This report compiles the details and the creative process of the dance work MH+-, where the academic knowledge in practical, theoretical and experiential terms was gathered, appropriated by the student and author of the work in question and this text, Ricardo Nieto Ortiz. In this work, the personal relationship of this student and his mother was taken as thematic inspiration, from the moment he identified himself in front of her as a homosexual man. The creation process was carried out through a creation research laboratory with six creative interpreters, including Ricardo Nieto, for six months, with four stages of development using tools such as improvisation, the creation of characters and the exercise of the imaginaries that nourish the creative processes of the performers
Systematic reviews with language restrictions and no author contact have lower overall credibility: a methodology study
No full textZhen Wang,1–3 Juan P Brito,4 Apostolos Tsapas,5 Marcio L Griebeler,4 Fares Alahdab,1,3 Mohammad Hassan Murad,1,3,61Robert D and Patricia E Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, 2Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, 3Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, 4Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 5Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; 6Division of Preventive, Occupational and Aerospace Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USABackground: High-quality systematic reviews (SRs) require rigorous approaches to identify, appraise, select, and synthesize research evidence relevant to a specific question. In this study, we evaluated the association between two steps in the conduct of an SR – restricting the search to English, and author contact for missing data – and the overall credibility of a SR.Methods: All SRs cited by the Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guidelines published from October 2006 through January 2012 were included. The main outcome was the overall A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) score, as a surrogate of SR credibility. Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis tests and multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the association between language restriction, author contact for missing data, and the overall AMSTAR score.Results: In all, 69 SRs were included in the analysis. Only 31 SRs (45%) reported searching non-English literature, with an average AMSTAR score of 7.90 (standard deviation [SD] =1.64). SRs that reported language restriction received significantly lower AMSTAR scores (mean =5.25, SD =2.32) (P<0.001). Only 30 SRs (43%) reported contacting authors for missing data, and these received, on average, 2.59 more AMSTAR points (SD =1.95) than those who did not (P<0.001). In multivariable analyses, AMSTAR score was significantly correlated with language restriction (beta =-1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.62, -0.01, P=0.05) and author contact for missing data (beta =2.16, 95% CI: 0.91, 3.41, P=0.001). However, after adjusting for compliance with reporting guidelines, language restriction was no longer significantly associated with the AMSTAR score.Conclusion: Fewer than half of the SRs conducted to support the clinical practice guidelines we examined reported contacting study authors or searched non–English literature. SRs that did not conduct these two steps had lower quality scores, suggesting the importance of these two steps for overall SR credibility.Keywords: evidence-based medicine, research design, validity, quality of evidenc
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