125,037 research outputs found
1 / f Noise in Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld Models on Narrow Stripes
No full textWe report our findings of a 1/f power spectrum for the total amount of sand in directed and undirected Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld models confined to narrow stripes and driven locally. The underlying mechanism for the 1/f noise in these systems is an exponentially long configuration memory giving rise to a very broad distribution of time scales. Both models are solved analytically with the help of an operator algebra to explicitly show the appearance of the long configuration memory
Smilax austrosinensis F. T. Wang & Tang 1934
No full textSmilax austrosinensis F.T. Wang & Tang (1934: 423). Type:— CHINA. Chongqing [Szechuan]: Nanchuan, Mt. Jinfo [Chinfu Shan], elev. ca. 1800 m, 27 May 1928, W. P. Fang 1099 (holotype PE00035146; isotypes A00030078, PE00034188). A paratype in CQNM: CHINA. Sichuan: Mt. Emei, elev. ca. 1700 m, 7 July 1931, F. T . Wang 23243 (CQNM0006992, PE00432616). = Smilax lanceifolia var. elongata (Warb. in Diels 1900: 259) F.T.Wang & Tang in Wang et al. (1978: 220). Note:— Wang & Tang (1934) designated W. P. Fang 1099 as the type in the protologue without specifying the herbarium. For the above traced three duplicates of this gathering, only PE00035146 bears the handwriting annotation “ Smilax austrosinensis Wang et Tang, sp. nov. ” determined by Wang & Tang in May 1934. It is inferred that it is the only specimen Wang & Tang (1934) based when preparing the description of this name and it is the holotype, which is contrary to Lin & Yang (2015a), who considered that PE00034188 is the holotype. Though it contains more complete morphological characters, PE00034188 has handwriting of different style for the annotation “ Smilax austrosinensis Wang et Tang ” and determined in October 1934 on a label printed as “EMENDANDA”, which means a letter handwriting annotation and this specimen should be an isotype.Published as part of Chen, Feng & He, Hai, 2022, The historical relics in Chongqing Natural History Museum: An annotated checklist of original materials for 37 names of Chinese seed plants, pp. 38-52 in Phytotaxa 530 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/582393
The Intelligent Vehicle on An Automated Highway System: ADVANCE-F
No full textIntelligent Vehicles' 93, IEEE, Tokyo, Jul.14-16, 1993An automated highway system named ADVANCE-F ( Advanced Drive Vehicle / Automatic Navigation and Control Enroute System-Freeway ) is being developed and tested by the author. Up to present, this system works successfully in testing. This paper presents the frame of the prototype vehicle and its implemental orientations
Autopilot Vehicle System and Implementation Status of ADVANCE-F
No full text1995 REAAA ( Road Engineering Association of Asia-Australia) Conference, Taipei, Apr. 17-22, 1995.The current version and status of ADVANCE-F, an automated highway system being developed in Taiwan, is revealed in this paper. The author points out that the age of road vehicle automation is coming. Meanwhile, some issues corresponding to highway and traffic are mentioned. Finally a suggestion to all related firms, officers, and researchers having to pa
Lysiteles leptosiphus Tang & Li 2010, sp. nov.
No full textLysiteles leptosiphus sp. nov. Figs 26–27 Type material: Holotype: ♀, China : Hainan: above the Wuzhishan mountainside (N18º53.835', E109º41.889', alt. 1593 m), 9 April 2009, G. Tang (IZCAS, Tang _ No. 111). Paratype: 1 ♀, same data as holotype (IZCAS, Tang _ No. 111). Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from the Latin adjective leptosiphus, and means small-tubeshaped, referring to the small copulatory ducts. Diagnosis. This new species is similar to L. silvanus Ono, 1980, but can be separated from the latter by the simple twist of the copulatory ducts around spermathecae (twisted together complicately in L. silvanus). Description. Female (holotype measured): Total length 2.80. Prosoma 1.10 long, 0.90 wide; Opisthosoma 1.80 long, 1.60 wide. Prosoma yellow, carapace with a large “n”-shaped blackish brown marking. Eye measurements: AME 0.07; ALE 0.12; PME 0.05; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.12; AME–ALE 0.22; PME–PME 0.20; PME–PLE 0.26. MOA length 0.26 with front width 0.28 and back width 0.30. Chelicera blackish brown, gnathecoxa and labium brown, sternum yellow. Legs yellow with sparse spines. Leg formula: II, I, IV, III; leg measurements: I: 2.70 (0.80, 1.00, 0.50, 0.40); II: 2.90 (0.85, 1.10, 0.55, 0.40); III: 2.05 (0.70, 0.75, 0.30, 0.30); IV: 2.15 (0.70, 0.80, 0.35, 0.30). Opithosoma with a pairs of longitudinal grayish black stripes extend to the venter. Epigynum (Figs 26 B–F, 27 A–B). Epigynum with a narrow sclerotized plate, copulatory openings bilaterally, copulatory ducts slender, twisted once around the oval spermathecae. Male: Unknown. Distribution. China (Hainan). Only known from the type locality. Variation. Total length: female, 3.30–4.00 (n=2).Published as part of Tang, Guo & Li, Shuqiang, 2010, 2369, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2369 on pages 35-3
Festskrift til Evald Tang Kristensen paa hans halvtredsaarsdag som folkemindesamler den 31. december 1917 /
No full textBibliography: p. 243-259.Evald Tang Kristensen. Af Jeppe Aakjær.--Hundens testamente. Ved H.F. Feilberg.--Litt um E.T. Kristensens visesamtestamente. Av Knut Liestøl.--Sagnene om den sorte død i nutids strejflys. lingar. Af J.W.S. Johnsson.--Lidt om vandrende motiver i Evald Tang Kristensens molbo- og aggerbohistorier. Af Arthur Christensen.--En gigtsignelse. Af F. Ohrt.--Kjæltringsproget. Af H.P. Hansen.--Folktro och sägen hos Evald Tang Kristensen. Av K. Rob. V. Wikman.--Draken som skattevaktare. Av C.W. Sydow.--Folkeviddet. Af Thorkild Gravlund.--Om ordsprog og mundheld. Af Henrik Ussing.--Lidt hittegods. Ved Marius Kristensen.--Nogle samsøske folkemelodier (with music: p. [140]-146) Ved H. Grüner Nielsen.--Lidt om soldyrkelse. Af Gudmund Schütte.--Urian Kalurius. Af Johs. Brøndum-Nielsen.--Tæellelyset. Af Christine Reimer.--Katten og killingen. Af P.K. Thorsen.--Bjørnemanden. Af Hans Ellekilde.--Evald Tang Kristensens forfattervirksomhed. Ved Gunnar Knudsen.Mode of access: Internet
Cycloneuroterus globosus Melika & Tang, new species
No full textCycloneuroterus globosus Melika & Tang, new species Figs 71–84 Type material. HOLOTYPE female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 74), AGWP-Morpho 18, ex small pimple gall of buds, adult em. 22.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse. Ten female and 7 male PARATYPES: 2 males and 3 females with the same labels as the holotype; 1 female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 74), 24.087567 ºN, 121.035467 ºE, 853m, ex small pimple gall of bud (AGWP-Morpho 18), adult em. 23.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 1 female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 74), 24.087567 ºN, 121.035467 ºE, 853m, ex small pimple gall of bud (AGWP-Morpho 18), adult em. 24.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 4 males and 4 females: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 73), AGWP-Morpho 18, ex small pimple gall of stem, adult em. 22.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 1 male: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 73), 24.087567 ºN, 121.035467 ºE, 853m, ex small pimple gall of bud (AGWP-Morpho 18), adult em. 24.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 1 female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 73), 24.087567 ºN, 121.035467 ºE, 853m, ex small pimple gall of bud (AGWP-Morpho 18), adult em. 23.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse. The female holotype, 2 female and 2 male paratypes are deposited in NMNS, 3 female and 2 male paratypes in PHMB, 1 female and 1 male paratypes in USNM, and 3 female and 2 male paratypes in NCHU. Etymology. This species is named after the host plant, Quercus globosa. Diagnosis. See the diagnosis to C. ergei. Description. SEXUAL FEMALE. Head dark brown to black; mandibles, labial and maxillary palps yellowish; scape and pedicel light brown, flagellomeres progressively darker until last one; mesosoma and metasoma black to dark brown except lighter tegulae; legs yellow, proximal end of coxae darker. Head 2.04 × as broad as long in dorsal view, 1.3 × as long as broad in frontal view, slightly narrower than mesosoma. Gena delicately alutaceous, not broadened behind eye, 0.43 × as broad as cross diameter eye. Malar space alutaceous, with some striae reach eye; 0.3 × as high as height of eye. Eyes converging ventrally. POL 0.97 × as long as OOL; OOL 3.0× as long as length of lateral ocellus, 2.3 × as long as LOL; all ocelli ovate, elongated, similar size. Transfacial distance 1.4 × as long as height of eye; diameter of torulus 1.3 × as long as distance between toruli; distance between torulus and eye 1.5 × as long as diameter of torulus. Lower face alutaceous, with sparse setae; median elevated area narrow, coriaceous. Clypeus elevated above lower face, quadrangular, flat, alutaceous, emarginate, without median incision ventrally. Anterior tentorial pit small, distinct; epistomal sulcus and clypeopleurostomal line distinct, deep. Frons and interocellar area delicately alutaceous, interocellar area with few white setae. Vertex and occiput delicately coriaceous. Postocciput and postgena smooth, without setae. Posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, deep, area below not impressed. Postgenal bridge higher than height of occipital foramen, shorter than oral foramen. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, shorter than body length; pedicel subglobose, 1.1 × as long as broad. F 1 nearly equal to F 2, 1.7 × as long as pedicel; F 2 –F 11 progressively shorter; F 12 1.2 × as long as F 11; placoid sensillae on F 1 –F 12. Mesosoma longer than high in lateral view. Pronotum smooth, glabrous, short dorsally, without parallel striae laterally; strongly impressed along anterior rim; propleuron alutaceous, glabrous, smooth centrally, with few setae. Mesoscutum smooth, glabrous, with few white setae; 1.3 × as broad as long. Notaulus, anterior parallel, parapsidal and median mesoscutal lines absent; parascutal carina broad, extending to the point where notaulus reaches pronotum. Mesoscutellum ovate, smooth, glabrous, with few setae; about as broad as long, broadest in the middle; foveolate along lateral and posterior margins, slightly overhanging metanotum. Scutellar foveae absent, only semilunar transverse depression present anteriorly, with smooth and glabrous bottom. Mesopleuron and speculum smooth, glabrous, without setae, impressed along acetabular carina, with few transverse striae in lower half. Mesopleural triangle alutaceous, glabrous, without setae. Dorsoaxillar area smooth, with few white setae; lateroaxillar area alutaceous, without setae. Subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous. Metapleural sulcus reaches posterior margin of mesopectus in upper 1 / 3 of its height. Metascutellum smooth; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous. Ventral impressed area smooth, without striae, 1.4 × as high as height of metascutellum. Lateral propodeal area without rugae, with few setae; central propodeal area broad, smooth, glabrous; lateral propodeal carina distinct, strongly curved outwards in the middle. Nucha with longitudinal rugae. Radial cell of fore wing 4.7 × as long as broad. Rs+M distinct, reaches basalis in lower half of its height. Areolet small, triangular, distinct. Wing margin with long cilia. Rs and R 1 reach wing margin. Metasoma slightly shorter than length of head + mesosoma, longer than high in lateral view; second metasomal tergite occupying 1 / 3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, without white setae laterally; all subsequent tergites without setae, smooth, glabrous. Ventral spine of hypopygium short, prominent part of ventral spine nearly as long as broad in ventral view, with sparse white setae, not extending beyond apex of spine. Body length 1.4–1.5 mm (n = 3). MALE. Similar to female but eye larger than in female, antenna with 13 flagellomeres, nearly equal to body length; F 1 curved and swollen apically, F 2 nearly equal to F 1; F 2 –F 13 progressively shorter; placoid sensillae on all flagellomeres. Body length 1.3–1.4 mm (n= 3). Gall (Figs 82–84). Galls are monolocular, red pimples on midribs or lateral veins of young leaves; on occasion the galls can also develop on male catkins. In some cases the gall development disrupts the sprouting of leaves and the galls form a tuft on a bud. The gall is 1.0– 1.7 mm in width and 1.6–3.3 mm in length. Biology. Only the sexual generation is known which induces galls on Q. globosa. The gall development coincides with sprouting from mid- to late-March. Adults emerged under laboratory conditions immediately after the galls had been collected in the field and transferred to the laboratory. Distribution. Currently known only from Taiwan: Renai Township, Nantou County, and Heping District, Taichung City. The host-plant Q. globosa is endemic to Taiwan, thus C. globosus might be also endemic to Taiwan.Published as part of Tang, Chang-Ti, Sinclair, Frazer, Hearn, Jack, Yang, Man-Miao, Stone, Graham N., Nicholls, James A., Schwéger, Szabina & Melika, George, 2016, Eight new species of Cycloneuroterus Melika & Tang gallwasps from Taiwan and mainland China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), pp. 451-488 in Zootaxa 4088 (4) on pages 470-473, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4088.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25966
Andricus songshui Tang & Melika, new species
No full textAndricus songshui Tang & Melika, new species Figs 1–19 Type material. HOLOTYPE female: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Quercus serrata, leg. Chang- Ti Tang, 04.III. 2010. adult em. 10.III. 2010. PARATYPES: 26 females and 19 males: 3 female paratypes with the same labels as the holotype; 1 female paratype: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang-Ti Tang, 01.III. 2010. adult em. 08.III. 2010; 1 female paratype: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang-Ti Tang, 01.III. 2010. adult em. 09.III. 2010; 5 female and 3 male paratypes: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang-Ti Tang, 04.III. 2010. adult em. 09.III. 2010; 4 female paratypes: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang-Ti Tang, 04.III. 2010. adult em. 11.III. 2010; 1 female paratype: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang-Ti Tang, 04.III. 2010. adult em. 12.III. 2010; 7 female and 9 male paratypes: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang-Ti Tang, 18.III. 2010. adult em. 21.III. 2010; 1 female and 4 male paratypes: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang-Ti Tang, 18.III. 2010. adult em. 22.III. 2010; 2 male paratypes: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang-Ti Tang, 18.III. 2010. adult em. 23.III. 2010; 2 female and 1 male paratypes: TAIWAN, Nantou County, Renai Township, ex Q. serrata, leg. Chang- Ti Tang, 18.III. 2010. adult em. 24.III. 2010. The female holotype, 9 female and 7 male paratypes are deposited in NMNS, 5 female and 4 male paratypes in PDL, 2 female and 2 male in USNM, 10 female and 6 male paratypes in NCHU. Etymology. The species named after the mountain, Mt. Song-Shu, where it was collected for the first time. Diagnosis. Andricus songshui resembles the only known Taiwanese Andricus species, A. formosanus and the herein described new species, A. pseudocurvator. In Andricus songshui, at least anterior half of the mesoscutum distinctly sculptured, delicately coriaceous to alutaceous; F 1 of male antenna slightly curved and swollen apically and 1.8 times as long as pedicel, while in A. formosanus and A. pseudocurvator mesoscutum alutaceous to smooth, glabrous, without distinct strong surface sculpture anteriorly, F 1 of male antenna strongly curved, swollen apically and 2.8 –3.0 times as long as pedicel. Description. SEXUAL FEMALE. Head dark brown to black; antenna brown dorsally, yellow ventrally; mesosoma and metasoma dark brown, legs uniformly dark yellow. Head alutaceous, with some white setae, more dense on lower face; 2.0 times broader than long from above, 1.25 times broader than high,as broad as mesosoma in anterior view. Gena alutaceous, not broadened behind eye, 0.5 times cross diameter of eye; malar area alutaceous, with delicate striae extending to eye margin, 0.4 times height of eye. Compound eyes converging ventrally. POL nearly 1.2 times broader than OOL; OOL 3.0 times length of lateral ocellus and 1.75 times LOL; all ocelli of same size and shape. Transfacial distance only 1.2 times wider than height of eye; diameter of antennal toruli 1.4 times distance between them, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye 1.4 times diameter of torulus; lower face alutaceous, with dense white setae, small area under antennal torulus and median elevated area coriaceous. Clypeus rounded, emarginate, without median incision ventrally, alutaceous to glabrous, with very small elevated central area; anterior tentorial pits distinct, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line distinct, deep. Frons alutaceous, with small smooth shiny impression below median ocellus, with some white setae; interocellar area delicately coriaceous. Vertex and occiput delicately coriaceous to alutaceous. Postocciput and postgena smooth, shiny, without setae; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, deep, area below not impressed; height of occipital foramen nearly equal to height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulcus. Antenna with 11 flagellomeres; slightly longer than mesosoma; pedicel longer than broad; F 1 1.3 times longer than F 2, 2.3 times longer than pedicel; F 2 –F 10 progressively shorter; F 11 2.0 times longer than F 10; placodeal sensilla present on F 3 –F 11, absent on F 1 –F 2. Mesosoma 1.2 times longer than high. Pronotum coriaceous to smooth, shiny, with delicate parallel striae laterally, with dense white setae; propleuron light brown, alutaceous, shiny, with smooth area centrally. Mesoscutum alutaceous to delicately coriaceous in anterior half, smooth or delicately alutaceous in posterior half, especially in area between notauli, shiny, with some white setae; slightly wider than long (largest width measured across mesoscutum at level of base of tegulae). Notauli complete, deep, distinctly impressed, slightly converging and broadened at posterior and anterior ends; anterior parallel, parapsidal, median mesoscutal lines absent. Mesoscutellum quadrangular, uniformly dull rugose, with irregular strong rugae, longer than broad, overhanging metanotum; scutellar foveae distinct, transversely ovate, nearly 2.0 times wider than high, with smooth, shining bottom, with distinct elevated narrow smooth median carina, separating foveae. Mesopleuron and speculum darker than rest of mesosoma, smooth, shining, without setae, except dense patch of setae on posteroventral quarter of speculum; with impressed foveae along acetabular carina; dorsal axillar area smooth, shining, with dense white setae; lateral axillar area alutaceous, with some setae; subaxillular bar dark brown, smooth, shiny, the most posterior part broader than height of metanotal trough; postalar process with parallel delicate striae; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at upper 1 / 3 of its height. Metascutellum uniformly coriaceous, metanotal trough smooth, shiny, with some short white setae; ventral impressed area nearly as high as height of metascutellum, smooth, with distinct longitudinal striae; central propodeal area smooth, shiny, with some irregular wrinkles and rugae, lateral propodeal carinae strong, high, curved outwards in posterior third; lateral propodeal area rugose, with dense long, white setae. Nucha with irregular wrinkles and rugae, brown. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. Forewing longer than body, hyaline, with distinct long, dense cilia on margin, radial cell 3.9 times longer than wide; R 1 reaching wing margin, Rs nearly straight, reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M distinct at 2 / 3 of distance to basalis and its projection reaching basalis at middle. Metasoma slightly shorter than head+mesosoma, higher than long in lateral view; 2 nd metasomal tergite occupying nearly half length of metasoma in dorsal view, with some white setae laterally, all subsequent tergites without setae, smooth, shiny. Ventral spine of hypopygium short, prominent part nearly as long as broad, with some white subapical setae extending beyond apex of spine; 4–5 long white setae located along ventral part of hypopygium. Body length 1.7 –2.0 mm (n= 5). MALE. 1.7–1.8 mm (n= 4), similar to female but head and mesosoma black, metasoma very dark brown to black; antenna with 13 flagellomeres, slightly longer than body length, F 1 only slightly curved and swollen apically, 1.3 times longer than F 2 and nearly 1.8 times longer than pedicel; F 13 nearly equal in length to F 12; placodeal sensilla present on all flagellomeres. Gall (Figs 18–19). Swelling, occurring on both unfolded young leaves and base of midrib, 1.8–2.5 mm long (n = 10). Galls located at the base of a leaf midrib are usually yellowish and single; galls on unopened young leaves are green and in clusters of 1–3, multilocular. The two gall morphotypes can be found in the same month. Biology. Only the sexual generation is known, inducing integral leaf galls on Quercus serrata Murray (= Q. glandulifera Blume) (section Quercus sensu stricto). Mature galls were collected in early March, adults emerging immediately after the galls were collected, in mid to late March. Distribution. Currently known only from Taiwan: Nantou County, Renai Township (Fig. 57). It is possible that this species is also distributed in continental China and Japan where Q. serrata occurs. Further research is necessary to establish the distribution of this species.Published as part of Tang, Chang-Ti, Melika, George, Yang, Man-Miao, Nicholls, James A. & Stone, Graham N., 2011, New species of oak gallwasps from Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), pp. 37-52 in Zootaxa 2865 on pages 38-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27742
Cyclocynips tumorvirgae Melika &Tang, new species
No full textCyclocynips tumorvirgae Melika &Tang, new species Figs 11–23 Type material. HOLOTYPE female: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, ex Quercus glauca, 25.III. 2011 (field code TAI 119), 24.967203 ºN, 121.619744 ºE, 678m, ex small stem swelling (field code TWTs 7), adult em. 5.IV. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse. PARATYPES: 27 females: 10 female paratypes with the same label data as the holotype; 5 female paratypes: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, ex Quercus glauca, 25.III. 2011 (TAI 119), 24.967203 ºN, 121.619744 ºE, 678m, ex small stem swelling (TWTs 7), adult em. 2.IV. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 1 female paratype: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, ex Quercus glauca, 25.III. 2011 (TAI 119), 24.967203 ºN, 121.619744 ºE, 678m, ex small stem swelling (TWTs 7), adult em. 10.IV. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 6 female paratypes: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, 24 º 58 ’ 2.22 ” N, 121 º 37 ’ 10.97 ” E, 678 m, ex stem welling galls on Quercus glauca (TWTs 7), gall collected 22.III. 2012 (TWT 611), adult emerged 28.III. 2012, leg. C. T. Tang; 5 female paratypes: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, 24 º 58 ’ 2.22 ” N, 121 º 37 ’ 10.97 ” E, 678 m, ex stem welling galls on Quercus glauca (TWTs 7), gall collected 22.III. 2012 (TWT 611), adult emerged 29.III. 2012, leg. C. T. Tang. The female holotype, 9 female paratypes are deposited in NMNS, 7 female paratypes in BPDL, 3 female paratypes in USNM, 8 female paratypes in NCHU. Etomology. The species name, “ tumorvirgae ”, in Latin means “tumor (swelling) on twig”. Diagnosis. In C. tumorvirgae: POL 1.2 x longer than OOL; OOL 1.6 x and 2.0x longer than length of lateral ocellus and LOL; genae smooth, glabrous; F 1 slightly longer than F 2, 1.6 x longer than the pedicel, F 12 2.0x longer than F 11; scutellar foveae narrower, slightly broader than high, separated by a much broader median carina. In Cyclocynips uberis: POL nearly equal OOL; OOL 2.3 x and 2.0x longer than length of lateral ocellus and LOL; genae microreticulate; F 1 equal F 2, 1.6 x longer than the pedicel, F 12 1.5 x longer than F 11; scutellar foveae nearly 2.0x wider than high, separated by a narrow median carina; Description. Asexual female. Surface colouration is as for C. uberis. Head alutaceous to reticulate, with some white setae, denser on lower face and postgena; 2.1 x broader than long from above, 1.3 x broader than high, broader than mesosoma in anterior view. Gena microreticulate, broadened behind eye, 0.6 x cross diameter of eye; malar area microreticulate, with some delicate striae and without malar sulcus, 0.3 x height of eye. Inner margins of compound eyes parallel. POL 1.2 x longer than OOL; OOL 1.6 x and 2.0x longer than length of lateral ocellus and LOL; all ocelli of same size, ovate. Transfacial distance shorter than height of eye; diameter of antennal toruli 2.0x broader than distance between them, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye slightly longer than diameter of torulus. Lower face glabrous, shiny, with dense white setae and striae radiating from clypeus and extending to eye margins and nearly reaching toruli, median elevated area microreticulate, without striae. Clypeus rectangular, slightly broader than high, without median incision ventrally, glabrous; anterior tentorial pits distinct, large, rounded, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line distinct, deep. Frons alutaceous, with some white setae; interocellar area alutaceous to microreticulate. Vertex and occiput alutaceous; postocciput glabrous, shiny; postgena smooth, shiny, with dense setae and numerous delicate parallel longitudinal striae; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, deep, area below impressed; height of occipital foramen nearly equal to height of coriaceous postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulcus. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres; longer than head+mesosoma; pedicel longer than broad; F 1 slightly longer than F 2, 1.6 x longer than pedicel; F 3 shorter than F 2; F 2 –F 10 progressively shorter; F 12 2.0x longer than F 11; placodeal sensilla present on F 2 –F 12, absent on F 1. Mesosoma 1.2 x longer than broad, flattened dorsoventrally, not concaved. Pronotum impressed along anterior margin, rugose dorsally and laterally, with multiple short irregular striae posterolaterally, dorsally broad, visible both sides of mesoscutum; propleuron alutaceous, shiny, with smooth area centrally (Fig. 15). Mesoscutum delicately coriaceous between notauli, microreticulate aside from notauli and along anterior parallel lines, with few white setae; slightly broader than long (largest width measured across mesoscutum on level of base of tegulae). Notauli complete, reaching pronotum, deeply impressed in posterior 2 / 3 of mesoscutum; parapsidal lines present, in the form of glabrous, shiny stripes; median mesoscutal line absent, anterior parallel lines indicated by glabrous stripes; parascutal carina usually broad, extending to the point where notaulus reaches pronotum. Mesoscutellum quadrangular, uniformly rugose, with irregular strong rugae, as long as broad, slightly overhanging metanotum, with brownish setae denser than on mesoscutum; scutellar foveae distinct, transversely ovate, broader than high, with smooth, shining bottom, separate by distinct elevated broad microreticulate median carina. Mesopleuron and speculum smooth, shiny, with some delicate striae anteromedially only, with setae posteroventrally only; dorsal axillar area reticulate, with white setae; lateral axillar area alutaceous, with some setae; subaxillular bar smooth, shiny, most posterior part broader than height of metanotal trough; postalar process with parallel delicate striae; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron slightly above half of its height. Metascutellum uniformly coriaceous, metanotal trough smooth, shiny, without setae; ventral impressed area as high as height of metascutellum, smooth; central propodeal area broad, with numerous longitudinal rugae on smooth shiny bottom; lateral propodeal carinae strong, high, strongly bent outwards in middle part; lateral propodeal area rugose, with dense long, white setae. Nucha glabrous, with numerous parallel rugae. Tarsal claws simple, without basal lobe. Forewing longer than body, hyaline, with brown veins, distinct long, dense cilia on margin, radial cell with parallel sides, 6.2 x longer than wide; R 1 reaching wing margin, Rs nearly straight, reaching wing margin; areolet large, triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M indistinct, reaching basalis in its lower half. Metasoma slightly shorter than head+mesosoma, higher than long in lateral view; 2 nd metasomal tergite smooth, occupying nearly 1 / 3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with some white setae laterally, all subsequent tergites without setae, smooth, shiny, with rare delicate micropunctures on posterior part of tergite. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 4.5 x longer than broad, subapical setae not extending beyond apex of spine; 5–8 long white setae located along ventral part of hypopygium. Body length 2.3–2.4 mm (n = 4). Gall (Fig. 23). Galls develop as multichambered swellings within twigs of Quercus glauca (subgenus Cyclobalanopsis), similar to those induced by C. uberis. Larval chambers are 2.1–2.6 mm long and 1.2–1.6 mm in diameter. They always appear to be close to the twig surface and orientated along its axis, unlike those of C. uberis that can occur at varying depths and orientations. Biology. As for C. uberis, adult females of this asexual generation emerge during March when Quercus glauca is experiencing a flush of growth. No matching sexual generation has yet been identified. Distribution. Currently known only from Shihding District, New Taipei City, Taiwan. The only recorded host plant species— Q. glauca —occurs throughout East Asia.Published as part of Melika, George, Tang, Chang-Ti, Sinclair, Frazer, Yang, Man-Miao, Lohse, Konrad, Hearn, Jack, Nicholls, James A. & Stone, Graham N., 2013, A new genus of oak gallwasp, Cyclocynips Melika, Tang & Sinclair (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with descriptions of two new species from Taiwan, pp. 534-548 in Zootaxa 3630 (3) on pages 541-544, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/21944
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