189 research outputs found
Cellular location and activity of Escherichia coli RecG proteins shed light on the function of its structurally unresolved C-terminus
No full textRecG is a DNA translocase encoded by most species of bacteria. The Escherichia coli protein targets branched DNA substrates and drives the unwinding and rewinding of DNA strands. Its ability to remodel replication forks and to genetically interact with PriA protein have led to the idea that it plays an important role in securing faithful genome duplication. Here we report that RecG co-localises with sites of DNA replication and identify conserved arginine and tryptophan residues near its C-terminus that are needed for this localisation. We establish that the extreme C-terminus, which is not resolved in the crystal structure, is vital for DNA unwinding but not for DNA binding. Substituting an alanine for a highly conserved tyrosine near the very end results in a substantial reduction in the ability to unwind replication fork and Holliday junction structures but has no effect on substrate affinity. Deleting or substituting the terminal alanine causes an even greater reduction in unwinding activity, which is somewhat surprising as this residue is not uniformly present in closely related RecG proteins. More significantly, the extreme C-terminal mutations have little effect on localisation. Mutations that do prevent localisation result in only a slight reduction in the capacity for DNA repair. © 2014 The Author(s)
Replication fork collisions cause pathological chromosomal amplification in cells lacking RecG DNA translocase
No full textThis is an open access article, shared under a Creative Commons licence. Copyright © 2009 The Authors.Duplication and transmission of chromosomes require precise control of chromosome replication and segregation. Here we present evidence that RecG is a major factor influencing these processes in bacteria. We show that the extensive DnaA-independent stable DNA replication observed without RecG can lead to replication of any area of the chromosome. This replication is further elevated following irradiation with UV light and appears to be perpetuated by secondary events that continue long after the elimination of UV lesions. The resulting pathological cascade is associated with an increased number of replication forks traversing the chromosome, sometimes with extensive regional amplification of the chromosome, and with the accumulation of highly branched DNA intermediates containing few Holliday junctions. We propose that the cascade is triggered by replication fork collisions that generate 3′ single-strand DNA flaps, providing sites for PriA to initiate re-replication of the DNA and thus to generate linear duplexes that provoke recombination, allowing priming of even further replication. Our results shed light on why termination of replication in bacteria is normally limited to a single encounter of two forks and carefully orchestrated within a restricted area, and explain how a system of multiple forks and random termination can operate in eukaryotes.The Medical Research Council and the Leverhulme Trust
Epic legacies: Hindu cultural nationalism and female sexual identities in India 1920-1960
No full textPhDThe thesis investigates the cultural interventions of Hindu nationalist, C. Rajagopalachari (CR), by
offering a close reading of his re-tellings of the Hindu epics, The Mahabharata (1951) and The
Ramayana (1956). It positions them alongside the writings of M. K. Gandhi and the key responses to
Katherine Mayo’s controversial text Mother India (1927). The thesis explores the central female
protagonists of the epics – Sita and Draupadi – asking how these poetic representations illuminate the
ways in which femininity was imagined by an influential Hindu ideologue during the early years of
Indian Independence.
Using close textual analysis as my principal method I suggest that these popular-literary
representations of sexual identities in Hindu culture functioned as one means by which Hindu
nationalists ultimately sought to regulate gender roles and modes of being. I focus on texts emerging
in the years immediately before and after Independence and Partition. In this period, I suggest, the
heroines of these versions of the epic texts are divested of their bodies and of their mythic powers in
order to create pliant, de-sexualised female icons for women in the new nation to emulate.
Through an examination of the responses to Katherine Mayo’s Mother India (1927), and of Gandhi’s
writings, I argue that there one can discern an attempt in the Hindu Indian script to define female
sexual identity as maternal, predominantly in service to the nation.
These themes, I argue, were later articulated in CR’s recasting of the Hindu epics. CR’s epics
represent the vision of gender within Hindu nationalism that highlights female chastity in the epics,
elevating female chastity into an authentic and perennial virtue. I argue, however, that these ‘new’
representations in fact mark a re-working of much older traditions that carries forward ideas from the
colonial period into the period of Independence. I explore this longer colonial tradition in the
Prologue, through a textual analysis of the work of William Jones and James Mill.
Thus my focus concerns the symbolic forms of the nation – its mythologies and icons – as brought to
life by an emergent Hindu nationalism, suggesting that these symbolic forms offer an insight into the
gendering of the independent nation. The epics represented an idealised model of Hindu femininity. I
recognise, of course, that these identities are always contested, always unfinished. However I suggest
that, through the recasting of the epic heroines, an idea of female sexuality entered into what senior
Hindu nationalist and Congressman, K.M. Munshi, called ‘the unconscious of India’
Localization of an accessory helicase at the replisome is critical in sustaining efficient genome duplication
No full text© The Author(s) 2010. Published by Oxford University PressGenome duplication requires accessory helicases to displace proteins ahead of advancing replication forks. Escherichia coli contains three helicases, Rep, UvrD and DinG, that might promote replication of protein-bound DNA. One of these helicases, Rep, also interacts with the replicative helicase DnaB. We demonstrate that Rep is the only putative accessory helicase whose absence results in an increased chromosome duplication time. We show also that the interaction between Rep and DnaB is required for Rep to maintain rapid genome duplication. Furthermore, this Rep–DnaB interaction is critical in minimizing the need for both recombinational processing of blocked replication forks and replisome reassembly, indicating that colocalization of Rep and DnaB minimizes stalling and subsequent inactivation of replication forks. These data indicate that E. coli contains only one helicase that acts as an accessory motor at the fork in wild-type cells, that such an activity is critical for the maintenance of rapid genome duplication and that colocalization with the replisome is crucial for this function. Given that the only other characterized accessory motor, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rrm3p, associates physically with the replisome, our demonstration of the functional importance of such an association indicates that colocalization may be a conserved feature of accessory replicative motors.Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/G005915/1 and BB/E0020690 to P.M.); MRC (G0800970 to R.G.L.); Leverhulme Trust (to C.J.R.). Funding for open access charge: BBSRC
OPTIMALISASI PERANAN INERT GAS SISTEM DALAM PENANGANAN MUATAN MINYAK MENTAH DI MT. JAG LEELA
No full textYusuf Pria Utama, 2016, NIT: 49124466. N, “Optimizing the Role of the inert gas handling systems hearts Crude oil Payload in MT. Jag Leela”,Nautical Thesis, Diploma IV Program, Merchant Marine Polithecnic Semarang. Material Adviser (I): Capt. Arika Palapa, M.Si., M.Mar. and Material Adviser (II): Nur Rohmah, S.E., M.M.
Inert gas system is a low-oxygen-containing gas that is used to set the atmosphere in the tank and unloading, which prevents the formation of a combustible mixture, the resulting flue gas boiler pushed into the tank to suppress maximal oxygen in the tank is below 8%. Not optimal operation of the inert gas system can hinder cargo handling crude oil, because it is then the need for quick action so that operations run optimally and the maximum is to carry out training, job evaluation, familiarization and the correct operation of the appropriate instruction manual book. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact that would occur if the inert gas system is not optimal, and to know how to optimize the inert gas system of cargo handling crude oil in MT. Jag Leela. Research using SWOT analysis. In this case the author using the method of SWOT analysis. Where this method is a systematic way to determine the factors and strategies that best describe the match. This analysis is based on the assumption maximize the strengths and minimize the weaknesses and the opportunities and threats to determine the direction of the right strategy in achieving optimal operational. The results showed that, as a result of the inert gas system is not optimal, namely, fires and explosions in the tank and unloading, cargo handling processes crude oil inhibited. To anticipate this action it must be done so that the system is running optimally, namely, implementing familiarization inert gas and the operating system is based on manual book.
Keyword: Inert Gas System, Crude Oi
Jejak digital Korean Wave dalam membangun ekspektasi dan idealisasi: analisis konten Youtube bertajuk romantisasi Pria Korea
No full textAbstrakKorean Wave, atau juga biasa disebut Hallyu Wave, merupakan istilah yang digunakan untuk mewakili penyebaran budaya populer Korea Selatan secara global. Dalam beberapa periode terakhir, Korean Wave seringkali menjadi topik yang menuai antusiasme dan apresiasi di sejumlah negara, termasuk Indonesia. Proses ini didukung oleh mobilitas akses teknologi serta inovasi Korea Selatan yang senantiasa memproduksi produk-produk berkualitas. Di Indonesia, penetrasi Korean Wave diawali dengan penayangan K-Drama pada awal 2000-an, seperti Winter Sonata dan Full House. Buntut dari respons yang memuaskan, Korean Wave mulai memasuki pasar Indonesia lebih dalam dengan ragam konten lainnya, seperti musik dan reality show. Hingga saat ini, K-Drama masih menjadi salah satu unsur Korean Wave yang dominan dinikmati. Hal ini tidak mengherankan, mengingat K-Drama menghadirkan sejumlah daya tarik dan visual pleasure yang tidak terelakkan. Dari penjabaran sebelumnya, tulisan ini mengerucutkan fokus pada hubungan antara tingkat paparan K-Drama dengan pembentukan persepsi, ekspektasi dan hasrat publik terhadap pria Korea. Penulis mengangkat sampel dari konten YouTube TaraWoni Tv dan YourOnlyJen yang secara konsisten mengunggah konten bertemakan romantisasi pria Korea. Berbekal pemahaman akan teori representasi, kultivasi dan ekonomi politik media, dijabarkan bahwa antusiasme masyarakat dalam mengonsumsi konten romantisasi pria Korea dapat menguatkan citra ideal pria Korea yang dibentuk oleh K-Drama. Citra ini kemudian diinternalisasi menjadi ekspektasi dan persepsi personal, yang melibatkan cinta terhadap pria Korea di dunia nyata. Perlu diingat bahwa representasi media terkadang merupakan hasil distorsi dari realitas, yang mungkin saja dilatarbelakangi oleh kepentingan ekonomi dan politik tertentu, sehingga ada resiko negatif seperti pembentukan standar kecantikan dan karir yang dangkal terhadap pria Korea, atau kekecewaan akan kenyataan yang tidak selaras dengan K-Drama.Kata kunci: Korean Wave, K-Drama, representasi, kultivasi, ekonomi politik media Abstract Korean Wave, or also commonly called Hallyu Wave, is a term used to represent the spread of South Korean popular culture globally. In recent periods, Korean Wave has often become a topic that has reaped enthusiasm and appreciation in a number of countries, including Indonesia. This process is supported by South Korea's mobility of access to technology and innovation, which always produces quality products. In Indonesia, the penetration of the Korean Wave began with the airing of K-Dramas in the early 2000s, such as Winter Sonata and Full House. In the aftermath of the satisfactory response, Korean Wave began to enter the Indonesian market more deeply with a variety of other content, such as music and reality shows. Until now, K-Drama is still one of the dominant elements of the Korean Wave that is enjoyed. This is not surprising, considering that K-Drama presents a number of attractions and visual pleasure that are inevitable. From the previous description, this paper narrows the focus on the relationship between the level of exposure to K-Drama and the formation of public perceptions, expectations and desires towards Korean men. The author took samples from YouTube content from TaraWoni Tv and YourOnlyJen which consistently uploads content with the theme of Korean male romance. Armed with an understanding of the theory of representation, cultivation and political economy of the media, it is explained that the public's enthusiasm in consuming Korean men's romantic content can strengthen the ideal image of Korean men formed by K-Dramas. This image is then internalized into personal expectations and perceptions, which involve love for Korean men in the real world. Keep in mind that media representation is sometimes the result of distortion of reality, which may be motivated by certain economic and political interests, so there are negative risks such as the establishment of superficial beauty and career standards for Korean men, or disappointment with reality that is not in harmony with K-Drama. Keywords: Korean Wave, K-Drama, representation, cultivation, political economy medi
Characterization of water and wildlife strains as a subgroup of Campylobacter jejuni using DNA microarrays.
No full textCampylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, but source attribution of the organism is difficult. Previously, DNA microarrays were used to investigate isolate source, which suggested a non-livestock source of infection. In this study we analysed the genome content of 162 clinical, livestock and water and wildlife (WW) associated isolates combined with the previous study. Isolates were grouped by genotypes into nine clusters (C1 to C9). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data demonstrated that livestock associated clonal complexes dominated clusters C1-C6. The majority of WW isolates were present in the C9 cluster. Analysis of previously reported genomic variable regions demonstrated that these regions were linked to specific clusters. Two novel variable regions were identified. A six gene multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay, designed to effectively differentiated strains into clusters, was validated with 30 isolates. A further five WW isolates were tested by mPCR and were assigned to the C7-C9 group of clusters. The predictive mPCR test could be used to indicate if a clinical case has come from domesticated or WW sources. Our findings provide further evidence that WW C. jejuni subtypes show niche adaptation and may be important in causing human infection
KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI SASTRA, NILAI KEPRIBADIAN DAN KONFLIK BATIN PERILAKU MENYIMPANG TOKOH UTAMA DALAM FILM PENDEK"PRIA" KARYA YUDHO ADITYA
No full textThe short film "Pria" by Yudho Aditya is one of the audiovisual literary works, this film is set in the life of a Muslim male teenager who lives in a rural area that is still thick with ancient customs and culture. The main character in this film is a teenage boy named Aris, from the moment the film begins Aris's character shows a somewhat different behavior like men in general, Aris's different behavior makes his mother realize that her son has sexual deviations. The lack of knowledge about sexual deviance and LGBTQ makes Aris' mother think that her son is cursed. This article is written using the leatherative method and based on library research conducted by the author on how the personality of the character Aris and the inner pressure he experienced
State of the art in protection of erosion-corrosion on vertical axis tidal current turbine
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