86,633 research outputs found
Résumé F. TAMAROZZI
No full textL'ascendance thermale du tourisme balnéaire contemporain. Anthropologie comparée des constructions mythologiques de la pratique thermale française, espagnole et italienne Federica TAMAROZZI Ethnologue au Musée des Civilisations de Europe et de la Méditerranée - Chargé de Recherches et de Collectes - ITALIE Type de contribution : communication longue Pour les curistes, comme pour les exploitants thermaux, le problème des origines du thermalisme, surtout dans ses formes locales et particulière..
Oggetti e immagini. Esperienze di ricerca etnoantropologica
No full textIl volume Oggetti e immagini. Esperienze di ricerca etnoantropologica, è l’esito della fruttuosa collaborazione scientifica e didattica tra la Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia dell’Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, e il Museé National des Arts et Traditions Populaires, Parigi. I saggi qui pubblicati rappresentano i risultati delle due giornate di studio che si sono tenute
a Parigi, presso la sede del prestigioso museo nazionale, nel gennaio 2001 e nel marzo 2002.
Durante i seminari sono stati affrontati due temi antropologici di notevole interesse e attualità: il primo “Noi e gli oggetti”, il secondo “Immagini e scienze umane”. I contributi scientifici hanno trattato i due argomenti aprendo ad una visione per molti versi interdisciplinare, superando i rigidi confini che solitamente contraddistinguono i dibattiti accademici. Gli interventi hanno cercato, inoltre, di far dialogare fattivamente i quadri teorici con le questioni pratiche
Watch-and-wait approach for inactive echinococcal cysts: Scoping review update since the issue of the WHO-IWGE Expert Consensus and current perspectives
No full textPurpose of review: This work aims to provide an update of knowledge on the evolution of inactive cystic echinococcosis (CE) cysts (CE4-CE5) managed by 'watch-and-wait', by means of a scoping review of the literature published after the publication of the WHO-IWGE (Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis) Expert Consensus document in 2010. Recent findings: A total of 31 articles were included. Population ultrasound-based studies showed that spontaneously inactivated CE cysts represent 50.2% (95% confidence interval 38.7-61.8) of all detected untreated CE cysts, and that the prevalence of CE4-CE5 cysts tends to increase with age. Four longitudinal population-based studies showed that CE cysts naturally tend to evolve towards inactivation and that spontaneously inactivated cysts reactivate in a minority of cases. This was confirmed by four hospital-based studies, showing that spontaneously inactivated cysts reactivate rarely, while rate of reactivation is higher if inactivity was obtained posttreatment. It was not possible to drive conclusions on any difference in the clinical course of infection in immunocompromised or pregnant patients. Summary: CE cysts tend to evolve spontaneously to inactivation over time. The published literature supports the safety of the watch-and-wait approach for inactive cysts, sparing treatment to a substantial proportion of asymptomatic patients. A regular follow-up with ultrasound of all inactive cysts is required to detect reactivations
Echinococcosi cistica
No full textTrattazione aggiornata al 2010 di diagnosi, trattamento e follow-up dell'echinococcosi cistica. I trattamenti per le cisti epatiche sono messi in relazione allo stadio cistico
Three cases of imported neurocysticercosis in Northern Italy.
No full textNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is an important cause of adult-onset seizures in endemic areas, whereas it is emerging in some nonendemic areas as well because of extensive immigration.We describe three cases of imported NCC recently admitted to San Bortolo Hospital in Vicenza, located in Northern Italy.All patients were immigrants. One patient was human immunodeficiency virus positive with severe immunosuppression. The diagnosis of NCC was made on the basis of magnetic resonance results; failure of anti-Toxoplasma, antitubercular, and antifungal therapy; and regression of the cystic lesions after empiric therapy with albendazole. Serology was positive in only one case. In one patient, NCC was diagnosed by biopsy of the brain lesion.In nonendemic countries, NCC should be included in the differential diagnosis of all patients coming from endemic areas with seizures, hydrocephalus, and compatible lesions on brain imaging. Long-term follow-up is required but may be difficult to implement because these patients tend to move in search of employment. Screening of patient's household contacts for Taenia solium infection should always be carried out
Spinal cystic echinococcosis - a systematic analysis and review of the literature : part 2. treatment, follow-up and outcome
No full textBone involvement in human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is rare, but affects the spine in approximately 50% of cases. Despite significant advances in diagnostic imaging techniques, surgical treatment and introduction of pharmacological therapy, spinal echinococcosis remains associated with a high degree of morbidity, disability and mortality. We systematically reviewed the published literature of the last five decades to update and summarize the currently existing data on treatment, follow-up and outcome of spinal CE
Acceptance of standardized ultrasound classification, use of albendazole, and long-term follow-up in clinical management of cystic echinococcosis : a systematic review
No full textCystic echinococcosis is a chronic, complex, and neglected disease. The need for a simple classification of cyst morphology that would provide an accepted framework for scientific and clinical work on cystic echinococcosis has been addressed by two documents issued by the WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis in 2003 (cyst classification) and in 2010 (Expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of echinococcosis).; Here we evaluate the use of the WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis classification of hepatic cystic echinococcosis, the acceptance by clinicians of recommendations regarding the use of albendazole, and the implementation of the long-term follow-up of patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis in the scientific literature since the WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis recommendations were issued.; Of the publications included in our review, 71.2% did not indicate any classification, whereas 14% used the WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis classification. Seventy-four percent reported the administration of peri-interventional albendazole, although less than half reported its modality, and 51% the length of patient follow-up. A joint effort is needed from the scientific community to encourage the acceptance and implementation of these three key issues in the clinical management of cystic echinococcosis
Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of three rapid tests for the serodiagnosis of hepatic cystic echinococcosis in humans
No full textBACKGROUND: The diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) is based primarily on imaging, in particular with ultrasound for abdominal CE, complemented by serology when imaging results are unclear. In rural endemic areas, where expertise in ultrasound may be scant and conventional serology techniques are unavailable due to lack of laboratory equipment, Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) are appealing.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of 3 commercial RDTs for the diagnosis of hepatic CE. Sera from 59 patients with single hepatic CE cysts in well-defined ultrasound stages (gold standard) and 25 patients with non-parasitic cysts were analyzed by RDTs VIRapid HYDATIDOSIS (Vircell, Spain), Echinococcus DIGFA (Unibiotest, China), ADAMU-CE (ICST, Japan), and by RIDASCREEN Echinococcus IgG ELISA (R-Biopharm, Germany). Sensitivity, specificity and ROC curves were compared with McNemar and t-test. For VIRapid and DIGFA, correlation between semiquantitative results and ELISA OD values were evaluated by Spearman's coefficient. Reproducibility was assessed on 16 randomly selected sera with Cohen's Kappa coefficient. Sensitivity and Specificity of VIRapid (74%, 96%) and ADAMU-CE (57%, 100%) did not differ from ELISA (69%, 96%) while DIGFA (72%, 72%) did (p = 0.045). ADAMU-CE was significantly less sensitive in the diagnosis of active cysts (p = 0.019) while DIGFA was significantly less specific (p = 0.014) compared to ELISA. All tests were poorly sensitive in diagnosing inactive cysts (33.3% ELISA and ADAMU-CE, 42.8% DIGFA, 47.6% VIRapid). The reproducibility of all RDTs was good-very good. Band intensity of VIRapid and DIGFA correlated with ELISA OD values (r = 0.76 and r = 0.79 respectively, p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: RDTs may be useful in resource-poor settings to complement ultrasound diagnosis of CE in uncertain cases. VIRapid test appears to perform best among the examined kits, but all tests are poorly sensitive in the presence of inactive cysts, which may pose problems with accurate diagnosis
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